Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a potentially disabling condition that affects approximately 10% of bereaved people. Grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in treating PGD. Although treatments for PGD have focused on exposure therapy, much debate remains about whether optimal PGD.To determine the relative efficacies CBT with (CBT/exposure) or alone PGD.A randomized clinical trial 80 patients attending outpatient University New South Wales Traumatic...

Context: Recent trauma survivors with acute stress disorder (ASD) are likely to subsequently develop chronic posttraumatic (PTSD).Cognitive behavioral therapy for ASD may prevent PTSD, but not tolerate exposure-based in the phase.There is a need compare nonexposure techniques prolonged exposure ASD.Objective: To determine efficacy of or trauma-focused cognitive restructuring preventing PTSD relative wait-list control group.Design, Setting, and Participants: A randomized controlled trial...

Objectives: To examine the nature of executive deficits in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods: Fifteen BD and 13 controls were administered a battery tasks including verbal fluency, Stroop, Theory Mind (ToM) tests selected subtests from Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Self‐report clinician ratings mood social occupational functioning also obtained. Results: There no significant differences between on primary measures following tasks:...

Objectives: Unipolar and bipolar depression differ neurobiologically in clinical presentation. Existing rating instruments, used depression, fail to capture the necessary phenomenological nuances, as they are based on skewed towards characteristics of unipolar depression. Both clinically research there is a growing need for new observer‐rated scale that specifically designed assess Methods: An instrument reflecting was drafted by authors, administered 122 participants aged 18–65 (44 males 78...

Abstract Many studies have reported on the distribution of delta opioid receptors (δOR) in mammalian central nervous system (CNS) by using a variety techniques. However, no general consensus has emerged with regards to localization this receptor due inconsistencies immunohistochemical literature. In present study, we analyzed cellular and subcellular immunoreactive δOR rat CNS two different antibodies (directed against sequence C‐terminus or N‐terminus δOR). By Western blotting, these...

Importance Although grief-focused cognitive behavior therapies are the most empirically supported treatment for prolonged grief disorder, many people find this difficult. A viable alternative is mindfulness-based therapy. Objective To examine relative efficacies of therapy and to reduce disorder severity. Design, Setting, Participants single-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted among adults aged 18 70 years with as defined in International Classification Diseases , 11th...

Background Many patients do not adhere to or benefit from cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This randomized controlled trial evaluates the extent which preparing with emotion regulation skills prior CBT enhances treatment outcome. Method A total of 70 adult civilian PTSD were 12 sessions either supportive counselling followed by (Support/CBT) training (Skills/CBT). Results Skills/CBT resulted in fewer drop-outs, less and anxiety, negative appraisals...

Abstract Background Although emergency service personnel experience markedly elevated the rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there are no rigorously conducted trials for PTSD in this population. This study assessed efficacy cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) personnel, and examined if brief exposure (CBT-B) to trauma memories is less efficacious as prolonged (CBT-L). Method One hundred with were randomised either immediate CBT-L, CBT-B or wait-list (WL). Following post-treatment...

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) causes significant impairment in approximately 7% of bereaved people. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to effectively treat PGD, there is no evidence long-term effects CBT.To determine the efficacies CBT with exposure or without treating PGD by assessing outcome at 2 years.A randomized controlled trial patients (N = 80) attending an outpatient clinic took place between September 2007 and June 2010, a 2-year follow-up occurred December...

Background: Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) causes significant impairment in approximately 7% of bereaved people. Although cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been shown to effectively treat PGD, there is a need identify predictors treatment non-response. Methods: PGD patients (N = 80) were randomly allocated receive 10 weekly two-hour group CBT sessions and (a) four individual exposure or (b) without exposure. was assessed by self-report measures at baseline, post-treatment 61), six-months...

E Strauss, EMS Sherman, O. Spreen. A compendium of neuropsychological tests (3rd edition). New York, USA: Oxford University Press, 2006: 1216. Hardback, AUS$200.00. ISBN-13:978-0-19-515957-8. - Volume 19 Issue 3

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is implicated in extinction learning, which a primary mechanism of exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Brief aerobic exercise has been shown to promote BDNF release and augment learning. On the premise that Val allele Val66Met polymorphism facilitates greater BDNF, this study examined extent predicted treatment response PTSD patients who underwent combined with or passive stretching. (N = 85) provided saliva samples order...

To summarize and review the utility of physical interventions in treatment psychiatric disorders.A systematic literature pertaining to novel interventions, namely, transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain vagus nerve neurosurgery, was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCHLIT. Bibliographies papers were scrutinized for further relevant references along with known authors.Currently available worldwide are reviewed respect efficacy, applications, putative indications. Physical have...

The purpose of the present paper was to compare currently available diagnostic guidelines for juvenile bipolar disorder with respect utility in research and clinical practice. A systematic search psychiatric, medical psychological databases conducted using terms ‘juvenile disorder’, ‘paediatric disorder’ ‘guidelines’. Three main sets issued by National Institute Health Clinical Excellence (UK), Mental (USA) Child Psychiatric Workshop were found. There key differences recommendations made...

Background Emergency service personnel experience elevated rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There are few controlled trials for PTSD in this population, and none report longer term effects treatment. This study evaluated the benefits cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) emergency who received either brief exposure (CBT-B) to trauma memories or prolonged (CBT-L) 2 years following Methods One hundred with were randomized CBT-L, CBT-B, Wait-List (WL). Following posttreatment...

Abstract Aim: This article reviews research centred around juvenile bipolar disorder with particular reference to diagnostic difficulties. Putative deficits are scrutinized respect trait likelihood and the roles of neuropsychology neuroimaging in enhancing our understanding discussed. Methods: Search terms including childhood, adolescent, youth combined ‘bipolar disorder’, mania, depression hypomania were used identify relevant studies MEDLINE PsychLit. Results: Over recent years into this...

Background Many patients do not adhere to or benefit from cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This randomized controlled trial evaluates the extent which preparing with emotion regulation skills prior CBT enhances treatment outcome. Method A total of 70 adult civilian PTSD were 12 sessions either supportive counselling followed by (Support/CBT) training (Skills/CBT). Results Skills/CBT resulted in fewer drop-outs, less and anxiety, negative appraisals...