Optimal sensor placement for timber architecture heritage poses a significant challenge due to the unique structural types and complex monitoring purposes. In this study, three-stage method is proposed, taking courtyard-style heritage, built 133 years ago, as an example. First, finite element model that accounted parameter randomness initial damage was constructed using genetic algorithm (GA) experimental results. Second, new weighted fitness function of logarithmic type developed multi-type...

Abstract The hall-style timber frame built in the Song and Yuan dynasties (960–1368 AD) is one of most important structural prototypes traditional architecture East Asia. current research, through a typical case main hall Baoguo Temple Ningbo, China, aims to present an accurate effective seismic performance evaluation method applicable structures without time–cost expenditure. To obtain more realistic response frame, simplified numerical model established based on situ measurements low-cycle...

Abstract The bond–slip model plays an important role in the structural analysis of reinforced concrete structures. However, many factors affect behavior, which means that a large number tests are required to establish accurate model. This paper aims data-driven method for prediction historical with few test specimens and features. Therefore, new Mahalanobis-Meta-learning Net algorithm was proposed, can be used solve implicit regression problem few-shot learning. Compared existing algorithms,...

Traditional courtyard-style timber building is a type of typical architectural heritage with special structures, which different from traditional unit. This paper proposes scientific and effective assessment method for the structural safety status buildings. Firstly, based on Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (IAHP) introduces calculation component importance, quantitative weights components in buildings are obtained. Secondly, evaluation system, indexes established consideration...

Abstract Long timber columns are widely used in traditional structures worldwide; however, many of them possess bearing capacity issues and have to be strengthened. The current study aims develop the novel Hybrid fiber reinforced polymers (HFRP) sheets suitable for long columns. In first stage, six HFRP were designed, evaluation these was carried out by tensile tests Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. Secondly, compression test, two sets 36 designed utilizing types sheets. Finally,...

Abstract Dou-gong is important component of ancient timber buildings in China, Japan, and South Korea, etc. It has decoration load transferring functions. Due to its complex structure, difficult be fully analyzed large-scale structured. Therefore, it necessary establish a reliable simplified calculation model. In this study, some traditional Chinese built the Song Yuan dynasties (960–1368 AD) are investigated, characteristics typical model obtained. Experimental study refined finite-element...

Abstract Dou-gong is an essential part of traditional timber buildings in East Asia, having a decoration function and load transfer function. The San-dou component, which vulnerable to the lateral push force Gong, Fang, purlin, critical structural component Dou-gong. In components, there are two distinctive types surfaces subjected force, perpendicular grain parallel grain. However, few investigation into performance these has been done. Considering this shortcoming literature, current...

The Great Wall is one of the most famous cultural heritages in world. defensive forts constitute important parts Wall. However, many them have been severely damaged through centuries, and their status requires a scientific evaluation. Taking part Yanqing district with 101 as an example, on-site investigations were carried out main architectural forms, well damage characteristics, detected. Based on form analysis, hierarchical quantitative evaluation system structural safety for hollow was...

This paper explicates an efficient quantitative evaluation method to shed light on the structural safety status of Chinese traditional hall-style timber buildings and provide a scientific basis for their proper conservation. Firstly, reducing elastic modulus calculating importance components in is developed based change rate overall strain energy per volume. Compared with conventional deleting element method, more suitable buildings. Secondly, through on-site investigation analysis typical...

The timber lounge bridge with cantilever beams is a kind of architectural heritage that different from the simply supported beam and arch in typology. It has important historical, artistic, scientific values. For preventive protection repair beams, this paper proposes reliable quantitative evaluation method for its structural safety status, taking typical Yongqing Bridge, as case study. consists three stages: firstly, analyzing typology recording deterioration; secondly, establishing system...

The ancient stone arch bridge holds significant historical, artistic, and scientific value as a vital cultural heritage. To preventively preserve this heritage, comprehensive approach involving universal structural health monitoring (SHM) corresponding safety evaluation methods for bridges is developed. initial steps involve the design arrangement of system based on damage records numerical analysis. Subsequently, an method utilizing analytic hierarchy process (AHP) developed with focus...

With the increasing demand for natural gas, construction of related facilities has increased significantly. The accurate identification these is crucial evaluating their environmental impacts and guiding construction. However, existing research primarily concentrated on offshore gas facilities, with limited studies addressing onshore facilities. In practice, identifying poses challenges, including dispersed distribution, complex environments, difficulty automation. This study proposes a...

There are many traditional wooden buildings with complex structural systems, which leads to tedious modelling processes, and challenges achieve multidisciplinary collaboration between architecture structure. This study establish a multi-information model using information parameterization methods. First, this identifies typical Chuan-Dou style wood frames in Jingdezhen as an example uses the method quickly generate building models based on composition rules of Revit-Dynamo platform. Second,...

A survey was undertaken to study the hersiliids in Xishuangbanna. total of four species are here addressed, raising from two number genus

Abstract Square‐rebar reinforced concrete structures during the republic of China (ROC) (1912–1949) have special material properties and structural characteristics. To perform nonlinear finite element simulations this type structure more accurately, a specialized bond‐slip constitutive model is built. Eighteen central pullout specimens were designed based on ROC mix proportions square‐rebar. Then, test data fitted with universal global optimization method minimum Euclidean distance point was...