Surface roughness has a huge impact on many important phenomena. The most property of rough surfaces is the surface power spectrum C(q). We present spectra practical importance, obtained from height profile measured using optical methods and atomic force microscope. show how determines contact area between two solids. also applications to sealing, rubber friction adhesion for surfaces, where enters as an input.

All material bodies are surrounded by a fluctuating electromagnetic field because of the thermal and quantum fluctuations current density inside them. Close to surface planar sources (when distance $d⪡{\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{T}=c\ensuremath{\hbar}∕{k}_{B}T$), radiation can be spatially temporally coherent if support modes like plasmon polaritons, phonon or adsorbate vibrational modes. The is responsible for important phenomena such as radiative heat transfer, van der Waals interaction,...

We simplify the formalism of Polder and Van Hove [Phys.Rev.B {\bf 4}, 3303(1971)], which was developed to calculate heat transfer between macroscopic nanoscale bodies arbitrary shape, dispersive adsorptive dielectric properties. In non-retarded limit, at small distances bodies, problem is reduced solution an electrostatic problem. apply study between: (a) two parallel semi-infinite (b) a body spherical body, (c) that bodies. consider dependence on temperature $T$, shape separation $d$....

We investigate the van der Waals friction between graphene and an amorphous SiO(2) substrate. find that due to this electric current is saturated at a high field, in agreement with experiment. The saturation depends weakly on temperature, which we attribute quantum carriers substrate optical phonons. calculate also frictional drag two sheets caused by friction, can induce voltage enough be easily measured experimentally.

We study the dependence of heat transfer between two semi-infinite solids on dielectric properties bodies. show that at short separation may increase by many order magnitude when surfaces are covered adsorbates, or can support low-frequency surface plasmons. In this case is determined resonant photon tunneling adsorbate vibrational modes, plasmon modes. flux metal electron concentration using non-local optic approach, and co mpare with results obtained within local approximation.

We calculate the friction force between two semi-infinite solids in relative parallel motion (with velocity V), and separated by a vacuum gap of width d. The results from coupling via fluctuating electromagnetic field, can be considered as dissipative part van der Waals interaction. consider dependence on temperature T, present detailed discussion limiting cases small large V

Amonton's law states that the sliding friction force increases linearly with load. We show this result is expected for stiff enough solids, even when adhesional interaction between solids included in analysis. As a function of magnitude elastic modulus E, one can distinguish three regions: (a) E>E2, area real contact (and force) depends on load, (b) E1<E<E2, nonlinearly load but vanishes zero and (c) E<E1 non-vanishing at In last case finite pull-off necessary order to separate solids. Based...

Within the framework of unified approach we study Casimir-Lifshitz interaction, van der Waals friction force, and radiative heat transfer at nonequilibrium conditions when interacting bodies are different temperatures they move relative to each other with arbitrary velocity $V$. The analysis is focused on surface-surface surface-particle configurations. We show that relativistic effects give rise a mixing contributions from electromagnetic waves polarization interaction forces. find these...

We present a general theory of phononic heat transfer between two solids (or solid and fluid) in contact at flat interface. simple analytical results which can be used to estimate the coefficient (the inverse is usually called 'thermal boundary resistance' or 'Kapitza resistance'). numerical for across solid–solid solid–liquid He contacts, membrane (graphene) substrate (amorphous SiO2). The latter system involves weakly coupled systems, calculated value good agreement with deduced from...

We study the near-field radiative energy transfer between graphene and an amorphous SiO${}_{2}$ substrate. In comparison with existing theories of heat our theory takes into account that free carriers in are moving relative to substrate a drift velocity $v$. this case flux is determined by both thermal quantum fluctuations. find fluctuations give important contribution for low temperatures high electric field (large velocities). For nonsuspended gives significant addition from phononic...

We calculate the electronic friction force acting on physisorbed molecules sliding metal surfaces, where is treated within jellium model. find that contribution to from repulsive (Pauli repulsion) and attractive (van der Waals) adsorbate–substrate interactions are of similar magnitude. For small inert atoms such as C2H6 Xe calculated (η∼108 s−1) in good agreement with those deduced surface resistivity quartz crystal microbalance measurements. discuss recent inelastic helium–atom scattering...

We use a general theory of the fluctuating electromagnetic field to calculate friction force acting on small neutral particle, e.g., physisorbed molecule, or nanoscale object with arbitrary dispersive and absorptive dielectric properties, moving near metal surface. consider dependence temperature T, separation d, discuss role screening, nonlocal, retardation effects. find that for high-resistivity materials, dissipative van der Waals interaction can be an important mechanism vibrational...

We study the van der Waals friction between two flat metal surfaces in relative motion. For good conductors, we find that normal motion gives a much larger than for parallel The may increase by many orders of magnitude when are covered adsorbates, or can support low-frequency surface plasmons. In this case, is determined resonant photon tunneling adsorbate vibrational modes, plasmon modes.

We calculate the van der Waals friction between two semi-infinite solids in normal relative motion and find a drastic difference comparison with parallel motion. The case of good conductors is investigated detail both within local optic approximation using nonlocal dielectric approach. show that may increase by many orders magnitude when surfaces are covered adsorbates, or can support low-frequency surface plasmons. In this determined resonant photon tunneling adsorbate vibrational modes,...

We study the non-contact friction between an atomic force microscope tip and a metal substrate in presence of bias voltage. The is due to energy losses sample created by electromagnetic field from oscillating charges induced on surface show that can be enhanced many orders magnitude if ads orbate layer support acoustic vibrations. theory predicts distance dependence good agreement with recent puzzling experiment \cite{Stipe}. demonstrate even isolated adsorbate produce high enough measured...

Calculations of the radiative and phonon heat transfer between metals in an extreme near field presence electrostatic potential difference are given. Potential leads to a coupling radiation acoustic waves solid, as result which flux two gold plates associated with p -polarized electromagnetic increases by many orders magnitude varies from 0 10V. The is compared van der Waals interactions surface displacements. For large small distances reduced transfer. A particular case - Rayleigh studied...

A Comment on the Letter by I. Dorofeyev et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2402 (1999). The authors of offer a Reply.Received 1 December 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3504©2000 American Physical Society

All material bodies are surrounded by a fluctuating electromagnetic field because of thermal and quantum fluctuations the current density inside them. A general formalism for calculation spectrum this is presented applied to radiative heat transfer van der Waals friction. The friction greatly enhanced at short separations (d λT = ch/kBT) between due evanescent waves. Particularly strong enhancement occurs if surfaces can support localized surface modes such as plasmons, polaritons, or...

. We consider the effect of an external bias voltage and spatial variation surface potential, on damping cantilever vibrations. The electrostatic friction is due to energy losses in sample created by electromagnetic field from oscillating charges induced tip potential. A similar arises when charged defects a dielectric substrate. compared with van der Waals originating fluctuating quantum thermal fluctuation current density inside bodies. show that can be greatly enhanced if surfaces there...