Same-sex practices and orientation are both stigmatized criminalized in many countries across sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the relationship of fear seeking healthcare disclosure same-sex among a sample men who have sex with (MSM) Swaziland demographic, socio-economic behavioural determinants.Three hundred twenty-three reported having had anal man past year were recruited using respondent-driven sampling administered structured survey instrument. Asymptotically unbiased...

Social capital is important to disadvantaged groups, such as sex workers, a means of facilitating internal group-related mutual aid and support well access broader social material resources. Studies among workers have linked higher with protective HIV-related behaviors; however, few studies examined in sub-Saharan Africa. This cross-sectional study relationships between two key constructs, cohesion participation the larger community, risk Swaziland using respondent-driven sampling....

There has been increased attention for the need to reduce stigma related sexual behaviors among gay men and other who have sex with (MSM) as part of comprehensive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention treatment programming. However, most studies focused on measuring mitigating in high-income settings, challenging ability characterize transferability these findings because lack consistent metrics across settings.The objective analyses is describe prevalence behavior United States,...

With a view to developing health systems strategies improve reach high-risk groups, we present information on and survival from household facility perspectives in five districts of southern Tanzania.We documented availability workers, vaccines, drugs, supplies services essential for child through survey all facilities the area. We did representative cluster sample 21,600 households using modular questionnaire including assets, birth histories, antenatal care currently pregnant women. In...

Men who have sex with men (MSM) and female workers (FSW) are consistently shown to a higher burden of HIV compared other adults in Senegal. This study, Prevention 2.0, evaluates the impact 3-tiered integrated stigma mitigation interventions (ISMIs) approach optimizing service delivery for key populations Senegal.Baseline assessment includes questionnaire biological testing HIV. A proportion participants enrolled into 24-month longitudinal cohort questionnaires every 3 months. In these...

In 1994, South Africa approved a constitution providing freedom from discrimination based on sexual orientation. Other Southern African countries, including Botswana, Malawi, and Namibia, criminalize same-sex behavior. Men who have sex with men (MSM) been shown to experience high levels of stigma discrimination, increasing their vulnerability negative health other outcomes. This paper examines the relationship between criminalization behavior experiences human rights abuses by MSM. It...

Introduction There are limited data characterizing the burden of HIV among men who have sex with (MSM) in Malawi. Epidemiologic research and access to prevention, treatment care services been traditionally Malawi by criminalization stigmatization same‐sex practices. To inform development a comprehensive prevention intervention for Malawian MSM, we conducted community‐led assessment prevalence correlates infection. Methods From April 2011 March 2012, 338 MSM were enrolled cross‐sectional...

Female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to violence within and beyond the workplace. Violence is associated with increased burden of HIV, possibly explained through physiologic or behavioral causal pathways. These analyses sought determine relationship between lifetime sexual unprotected, condomless vaginal intercourse (UVI) among FSWs in West Africa.FSWs (aged ≥18 years) were recruited into a cross-sectional study respondent-driven sampling two African countries, Togo Burkina Faso. A total...

Female sex workers (FSWs) are disproportionately affected by HIV, even in the context of broadly generalised HIV epidemics such as South Africa. This has been observed spite individual and population-level benefits treatment. We characterise care cascade among FSWs relationships with antiretroviral therapy (ART) use.FSWs ≥18 years were recruited through respondent-driven sampling into a cross-sectional study Port Elizabeth, Participants completed questionnaires received syphilis testing; CD4...

Introduction Transgender women are at high risk for the acquisition and transmission of HIV. However, there limited empiric data characterizing HIV‐related risks among transgender in sub‐Saharan Africa. The objective these analyses is to determine what factors, including sexual behaviour stigma, condom use engagement sex work, contribute HIV infection across three West African nations. Methods Data were collected via respondent‐driven sampling from men who have with (MSM) during three‐...

Research emphasising the importance of parenting behaviours and aspirations for child outcomes has been seized on by policymakers to suggest responsibility worst off themselves low levels social mobility. This article provides a critique way in which research evidence used support dominant policy discourse this area, as well an empirical analysis. We use Millennium Cohort Study interrogate relationship between class attainment early years schooling. investigate extent inequalities cognitive...

Introduction Similar to other Southern African countries, Swaziland has been severely affected by HIV, with over a quarter of its reproductive‐age adults estimated be living the virus, equating an estimate 170,000 people HIV. The last several years have witnessed increase in understanding potential vulnerabilities among men who sex (MSM) neighbouring countries similarly widespread HIV epidemics. To date, there are no data characterizing burden and prevention, treatment care needs MSM...

The TRUST model based on experimental and observational data posits that integration of HIV prevention universal coverage antiretroviral treatment at a trusted community venue provides framework for achieving effective reduction in HIV-related morbidity mortality among men who have sex with (MSM) living HIV, as well reducing incidence. analyses presented here evaluate the utility respondent-driven sampling an implementation tool engaging MSM intervention.

Violence is a human rights violation, and an important measure in understanding HIV among female sex workers (FSW). However, limited data exist regarding correlates of violence FSW Côte d'Ivoire. Characterizing prevalence determinants the relationship with structural risks for can inform development implementation comprehensive prevention treatment programs.FSW > 18 years were recruited through respondent driven sampling (RDS) Abidjan, In total, 466 participants completed socio-behavioral...

Social cohesion and social participation are factors that may help reduce HIV risks optimize health-seeking behaviors. We examined the association between these testing in last 12 months among men who have sex with (MSM) Swaziland using a cross-sectional survey conducted 326 men, 18 years of age or older reporting having another man months. capital analyses included measures participation. The measurement scale was created through exploratory factor analysis polychoric correlations to...

Background: To date, HIV incidence studies among men who have sex with (MSM) across sub-Saharan Africa focused on studying sexual risk practices less focus networks. Setting: TRUST/RV368 conducted in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria, recruited MSM using respondent-driven sampling followed HIV-negative for incident infection over 4 years. Methods: Four-hundred forty-one HIV-uninfected underwent a parallel rapid testing algorithm every 3 months up to 18 months. per 100 person-years (PY) 95% confidence...

HIV Self-Testing (HIVST) aims to increase testing coverage and can facilitate reaching the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets. In Senegal, key populations bear a disproportionate burden of report limited uptake given pervasive stigma criminalization. these contexts, HIVST may represent complementary approach reach reporting barriers engagement with existing routine services. this study, 1839 kits were distributed in 1149 individuals participating pre-test questionnaire 817 post-test questionnaire....

The use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely advocated to improve Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis, especially in settings where quality microscopy is not available. RDTs based on the detection histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP-2) can remain positive for several weeks after an infection cured, due persistence HRP-2 antigens. As a result, test specificity may vary between age groups with different prevalence P. infection. A community-based cross-sectional survey, carried out...

<h3>Objectives</h3> Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a popular method for recruiting men who have sex with (MSM). Our objective to describe the ability of RDS reach MSM HIV testing in three southern African nations. <h3>Methods</h3> Data collected via among Lesotho (N=318), Swaziland (N=310) and Malawi (N=334) were analysed by wave order characterise differences sample characteristics. Seeds recruited from MSM-affiliated community-based organisations. Men interviewed during single study...

HIV epidemics in West Africa appear far more concentrated among key populations including men who have sex with (MSM) and female workers (FSW) as compared to the generalized of Southern Eastern Africa. Since there has been no prior quantitative assessment risk MSM Gambia, this study aims describe burden associations infections. A total 207 participants reporting anal another man previous 12 months were accrued using snowball sampling for cross-sectional administered an anonymous structured...

In Brief Background Prevalence estimates of anal high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are needed in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV is endemic. This study evaluated HR-HPV Nigeria among HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with (MSM) for future immunization recommendations. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional to compare the prevalence infections between 64 90 MSM. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were used examine demographic behavioral risk factors associated any...

Use of the Internet for finding sexual partners is increasing, particularly among men who have sex with (MSM). In particular, MSM seek online are an important group to target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) interventions because they tend elevated levels risk behavior and itself may serve as a promising intervention delivery mechanism. However, few studies examined correlates partner seeking in sub-Saharan Africa.These analyses aim describe prevalence...

Antenatal care is a point of entry into the health system for women across Africa and may facilitate uptake HIV services among female sex workers (FSWs). This study aimed to evaluate determinants motherhood FSWs, their sexual risks, engagement in care.A cross-sectional was conducted from January July 2013 FSWs Ouagadougou Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. The used respondent-driven sampling testing behavioral data collection. Predictors association work dynamics were assessed separately using...