G. S. Collins
A5088087312- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Space Exploration and Technology
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
- Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Landslides and related hazards
- Granular flow and fluidized beds
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering
- Marine and environmental studies
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Geological Studies and Exploration
Imperial College London
2016-2025
University of Arizona
2003-2024
The University of Texas at Austin
2024
Bridge University
2024
UK Power Networks
2023
Politecnico di Milano
2022
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
2022
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
2022
Astronomical Observatory of Rome
2022
Physical Sciences (United States)
2022
Abstract— Numerical modeling is a powerful tool for investigating the formation of large impact craters but one that must be validated with observational evidence. Quantitative analysis damage and deformation in target surrounding an event provides promising means validation numerical models terrestrial craters, particularly cases where final pristine crater morphology ambiguous or unknown. In this paper, we discuss aspects behavior brittle materials important accurate simulation care...
Abstract— We have developed a Web-based program for quickly estimating the regional environmental consequences of comet or asteroid impact on Earth (http:www.lpl.arizona.eduimpacteffects). This paper details observations, assumptions and equations upon which is based. It describes our approach to quantifying principal processes that might affect people, buildings, landscape in vicinity an event discusses uncertainty predictions. The requires six inputs: impactor diameter, density, velocity...
Drilling into Chicxulub's formation The Chicxulub impact crater, known for its link to the demise of dinosaurs, also provides an opportunity study rocks from a large structure. Large craters have “peak rings” that define complex crater morphology. Morgan et al. looked at drilling expedition through peak rings (see Perspective by Barton). drill cores features consistent with model postulates single over-heightened central collapsed multiple-peak-ring validity this has implications far-ranging...
Abstract Although no known asteroid poses a threat to Earth for at least the next century, catalogue of near-Earth asteroids is incomplete objects whose impacts would produce regional devastation 1,2 . Several approaches have been proposed potentially prevent an impact with by deflecting or disrupting 1–3 A test kinetic technology was identified as highest-priority space mission related mitigation 1 NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) full-scale technology. The mission’s target...
Abstract The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of binary (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC 26 September 2022 as planetary defence test 1 . DART was first hypervelocity experiment an size and velocity scales relevant to defence, intended validate means deflection. Here we report determination momentum transferred by impact. On basis change in orbit period 2 , find instantaneous reduction Dimorphos’s along-track...
Two >130-meter-diameter impact craters formed on Mars during the later half of 2021. These are two largest fresh discovered by Reconnaissance Orbiter since operations started 16 years ago. The impacts created seismic events (magnitudes greater than 4) recorded InSight its 3-year mission. combination orbital imagery and ground motion enables investigation subsurface atmospheric energy partitioning process a planet with thin atmosphere first direct test martian deep-interior models known...
Abstract NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission was the first to demonstrate asteroid deflection, and mission's Level 1 requirements guided its planetary defense investigations. Here, we summarize DART's achievement of those requirements. On 2022 September 26, DART spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, secondary member Didymos near-Earth binary system, demonstrating an autonomously navigated kinetic impact into with limited prior knowledge for defense. Months subsequent Earth-based...
On September 26, 2022, NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission successfully impacted Dimorphos, the natural satellite of binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos. Numerical simulations impact provide a means to explore target surface material properties and structures, consistent with observed momentum deflection efficiency, ejecta cone geometry, ejected mass. Our simulation, which best matches observations, indicates that Dimorphos is weak, cohesive strength less than few...
Abstract— Over the last few decades, rapid improvement of computer capabilities has allowed impact cratering to be modeled with increasing complexity and realism, paved way for a new era numerical modeling process, including full, three‐dimensional (3D) simulations. When properly benchmarked validated against observation, models offer powerful tool understanding mechanics crater formation. This work presents results from first phase project benchmark validate shock codes. A variety 2D 3D...
Abstract Impact‐induced fracturing creates porosity that is responsible for many aspects of the geophysical signature an impact crater. This paper describes a simple model dilatancy—the creation in shearing geological material—and its implementation iSALE shock physics code. The used to investigate impact‐induced dilatancy during and complex crater formation on Earth. Simulations produce distributions consistent with observations. Dilatancy parameters appropriate low‐quality rock masses give...
Highly expanded Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary section from the Chicxulub peak ring, recovered by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)-International Continental Scientific Drilling (ICDP) Expedition 364, provides an unprecedented window into immediate aftermath of impact. Site M0077 includes ∼130 m impact melt rock and suevite deposited first day Cenozoic covered <1 micrite-rich carbonate over subsequent weeks to years. We present interpreted series events based on analyses...
Which Side of the Moon? The far- and nearsides Moon are geologically different. Using high-precision crustal thickness maps derived from NASA's Gravity Recovery Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission, Miljković et al. (p. 724 ) show that distribution lunar impact basins is also highly asymmetrical. Numerical simulations basin formation coupled with three-dimensional Moon's asymmetric thermal evolution suggest lateral variations in temperature within crust have a large effect on final size an basin.
Prior to becoming chondritic meteorites, primordial solids were a poorly consolidated mix of mm-scale igneous inclusions (chondrules) and high-porosity sub-μm dust (matrix). We used high-resolution numerical simulations track the effect impact-induced compaction on these materials. Here we show that impact velocities as low 1.5 km s(-1) capable heating matrix >1,000 K, with pressure-temperature varying by >10 GPa K over ~100 μm. Chondrules unaffected, acting heat-sinks: temperature...
Abstract Potentially hazardous asteroids and comets have hit Earth throughout its history, with catastrophic consequences in the case of Chicxulub impact. Here we reexamine one mechanisms that allow an impact to a global effect—the release climate‐active gases from sedimentary rocks. We use SOVA hydrocode model ejected materials for sufficient time after quantify volume reach high enough altitudes (> 25 km) consequences. vary angle, sediment thickness porosity, water depth, shock pressure...
titOn the origin of Orientale basinle basin is a major impact crater on Moon, which hard to see from Earth because it right western edge lunar nearside. Relatively undisturbed by later events, serves as prototype for understanding large craters throughout solar system. Zuber et al. used Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission map gravitational field around in great detail flying twin spacecraft little 2 km above surface. Johnson performed sophisticated computer simulation...