Existing wastewater treatment systems face a number of significant challenges, including aging infrastructure, climate change, emerging pollutants, and higher consumption energy due to population growth. In order solve these issues, comprehensive long-term water management strategies are required. This study describes pathogen-free solution for that uses effective microorganisms (EM) technology improve quality index in an on-site experimentation area. The physical chemical characteristics...

To investigate whether knowledge and perceptions of antithrombotic therapy differ between ethnic groups in the UK, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey patients attending anticoagulation clinics three Birmingham teaching hospitals.180 consecutive were recruited-135 white European, 29 Indo-Asian, 16 Afro-Caribbean.The average score was 5.5 out 9, with no significant differences groups.Indo-Asians significantly less likely than other to know name anticoagulant they taking...

Low glycaemic index (GI) foods are known to minimize large fluctuations in blood glucose levels and have been suggested increase fat oxidation. The objective of this study was simultaneously investigate excursion substrate oxidation a whole body calorimetre when Chinese male subjects were provided low or high GI meal.In randomized, controlled crossover non blind design, 12 healthy adults (BMI 21.8 ± 1.3 kgm-2) attended two sessions consisting either four meals (LGI vs HGI). Breakfast, lunch...

Low glycaemic index (GI) foods minimize large blood glucose fluctuations and have been advocated to enhance fat oxidation may contribute weight management. We determined whether the inclusion of isomaltulose compared sucrose in a low/high GI meal sequence can modulate response substrate an Asian population. Twenty Chinese men (body mass (BMI): 17–28 kg/m2) followed 24 h low (isomaltulose, PalatinoseTM) or high (sucrose) diet randomized double-blind, controlled cross-over design. Treatment...

Abstract Limited research exists on how different oil types and time of addition affect starch digestibility rice. This study aimed to assess the white red rice prepared with 2 types: vegetable (unsaturated fat) ghee (clarified butter, saturated added at 3 points during cooking process (“before”: frying raw in before boiling, “during”: adding “after”: stir‐frying cooked oil). Red produced a slower digestion rate than White was not affected by type, but oil. Adding “after” (stir‐frying) or...

Studies on the improvement of functional and baking properties wheat-chickpea flour blends with addition gluten (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 6.0%) sodium steroyl-lactylate (SSL) 0.5%, were carried out. Chickpea at 10 20% level improved dough stability degree softening but adversely affected 30% blending. Loaf volume, specific volume crumb softness bread decreased increase in chickpea blends. Addition 3% was found to effectively improve rheological, loaf characteristics wheat Puffing ability chapaties...

Abstract In Asia, the consumption of western-styled fast foods is widely perceived as cause rise in obesity and chronic disease. Twenty-five most popular local Asian were compared for energy, total fat, saturated sodium, cholesterol with twenty-nine foods. The comparative analysis showed no significant difference energy ( p = 0.150) fat 0.346) between two food categories. These findings suggest that many contribute much a single meal Local had greater amounts sodium < 0.001), 0.007),...

A growing body of research over the last decades has shown that diets based on low glycaemic index (GI) foods reduce risk developing diabetes and improve blood glucose control in people with diabetes. The range inflexion response GI (LGI) is an interesting observation not been studied by many. LGI 1 (GI 54 ± 3.3) biscuit was formulated using a basic formulation while 2 (23.8 biscuits modification recipe, inclusion functional ingredients. Biscuits were to be iso-caloric (kcal/100 g: 521 12)....

Low glycemic index (GI) foods have been suggested to minimize large fluctuations in blood glucose levels and reduce food intake. However, the majority of studies conducted on Caucasian populations with limited data Asians. The objective this study was investigate how provision a low GI breakfast afternoon snack affected daily profiles intake.In randomized, controlled crossover non blind design, 11 healthy Chinese male adults (body mass 22.4 ± 1.3 kg m-2) attended two sessions where they...

To investigate whether knowledge and perceptions of antithrombotic therapy differ between ethnic groups in the UK, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey patients attending anticoagulation clinics three Birmingham teaching hospitals. 180 consecutive were recruited—135 white European, 29 Indo-Asian, 16 Afro-Caribbean. The average score was 5.5 out 9, with no significant differences groups. Indo-Asians significantly less likely than other to know name anticoagulant they taking...

The health benefits of consuming a low glycaemic index (GI) diet to reduce the risk type 2 Diabetes are well recognized. In recent years GI values various foods have been determined. Their efficacy in constructing and over 24 h modulating response has not fully documented. translation using single-point develop mixed meal can provide valuable information consumers, researchers dietitians optimize food choice for control. By meals, our study is first determine how both blood glucose substrate...

Plums, which have a high water content level, are highly perishable and it is necessary to find alternatives minimize product deterioration. Osmotic dehydration one of these effective alternatives. Besides removal from the product, process also promotes solid gain due concentration solute. In this study, effect different osmotic agents (sugar sugar-glycerol) was reported. The Magee model could satisfactorily describe loss during osmosis. Drying conducted at 45, 55 65°C. followed by air...

Composite flour from wheat and Tempoyak Flour (TF) was produced in this study. Three different bread formulations the composite were produced, containing 5% TF (TF5), 10% (TF10) 15% (TF15). Bread samples analyzed for their physicochemical properties sensory characteristics compared with control made 100% flour. The resistant starch content increased significantly (p<0.05) a higher level of TF. increasing decreased glycemic index. use loaf volume, specific volume oven spring; however, it...

A reduction in carbohydrate intake and low-carbohydrate diets are often advocated to prevent manage diabetes. However, limiting or eliminating carbohydrates may not be a long-term sustainable maintainable approach for everyone. Alternatively, diet strategies modulate glycemia can focus on the glycemic index (GI) of foods load (GL) meals. To assess effect 24 h by incorporating innovative functional ingredients (β-glucan, isomaltulose) alternative low GI Asian staples (noodles, rice)on control...

A protective coating of 60SiO 2 –15CaO–10Al O 3 –10Na O–5TiO glass ceramic was performed on the ferritic stainless steel substrate by slurry technique. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for detailed analyses coating. Open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy potentiodynamic polarisation studies carried out in artificial seawater to monitor corrosion resistance behaviour at room temperature. The presence reduced current density I corr shifted...