Abstract Rapid seismic deployments after major earthquakes often produce critical data for characterizing postseismic processes. Taking advantage of pre‐existing optical fibers, the recently emerging distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology can quickly establish ultra‐dense arrays mainshocks. Here we present first example such a rapid‐response experiment using four telecommunication fiber optic cables near 2019 M 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake in California. By applying template matching to...

Abstract Earthquake ground motion depends strongly on near‐surface structure, which is challenging to image in urban areas at high resolution. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) an emerging technique that provides a scalable solution by converting preexisting fiber‐optic cables into dense seismic arrays. After the July 2019 M7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake, we converted underground dark fiber across city of Ridgecrest, CA, DAS array. The recorded aftershocks show substantial lateral variability...

Seismic waveform modeling is a powerful tool for determining earth structure models and unraveling earthquake rupture processes, but it usually computationally expensive. We introduce scheme to vastly accelerate these calculations with recently developed machine learning paradigm called the neural operator. Once trained, can simulate full wavefield at negligible cost. use U-shaped operator learn general solution 2D elastic wave equation from an ensemble of numerical simulations performed...

SUMMARY Southwest (SW) China is located in a transition site from the active Tibetan Plateau to stable Yangtze craton, which has complicated tectonic deformation and severe seismic hazards. We combine data ambient noise, teleseismic body surface waves, petroleum wells better constrain crustal shear-velocity structure SW China. jointly invert Rayleigh wave dispersion (5–40 s period), ZH ratio (20–60 P-wave receiver function for 114 permanent stations with stepwise linearized joint inversion...

Abstract Vadose zone soil moisture is often considered a pivotal intermediary water reservoir between surface and groundwater in semi-arid regions. Understanding its dynamics response to changes meteorologic forcing patterns essential enhance the climate resiliency of our ecological agricultural system. However, inability observe high-resolution vadose over large spatiotemporal scales hinders quantitative characterization. Here, utilizing pre-existing fiber-optic cables as seismic sensors,...

Abstract Seismic wave propagation forms the basis for most aspects of seismological research, yet solving equation is a major computational burden that inhibits progress research. This exacerbated by fact new simulations must be performed whenever velocity structure or source location perturbed. Here, we explore prototype framework learning general solutions using recently developed machine paradigm called neural operator. A trained operator can compute solution in negligible time any...

Abstract Fault zone structures at many scales largely dictate earthquake ruptures and are controlled by the geologic setting slip history. Characterizations of these diverse inform better understandings hazards phenomenology. However, characterizing fault zones sub‐kilometer has historically been challenging, challenges exacerbated in urban areas, where locating faults is critical for hazard assessment. We present a new procedure using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). This technique...

Abstract The stress field perturbation caused by magmatic intrusions within volcanic systems induces strain in the surrounding region. This effect results opening and closing of microcracks vicinity intrusion, which can affect regional seismic velocities. In late November 2023, we deployed a distributed acoustic sensing interrogator to convert an existing 100‐km telecommunication fiber‐optic cable along coast Iceland's Reykjanes peninsula into dense array, has run continuously. Measuring...

Abstract Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is an emerging technology that converts optical fibers into dense arrays of strainmeters, significantly enhancing our understanding earthquake physics and Earth's structure. While most past DAS studies have focused primarily on seismic wave phase information, accurate measurements true ground motion amplitudes are crucial for comprehensive future analyses. However, in recordings, especially pre‐existing telecommunication cables with uncertain...

Abstract Fault zone complexities contain important information about factors controlling earthquake dynamic rupture. High‐resolution fault imaging requires high‐quality data from dense arrays and new seismic techniques that can utilize large portions of recorded waveforms. Recently, the emerging Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technique has enabled near‐surface by utilizing existing telecommunication infrastructure anthropogenic noise sources. With sensors at several meters' spacing,...

Abstract The structure of fault zones and the ruptures they host are inextricably linked. Fault narrow, which has made imaging their at seismogenic depths a persistent problem. Fiber‐optic seismology allows for low‐maintenance, long‐term deployments dense seismic arrays, present new opportunities to address this We use fiber array that crosses Garlock explore its structure. With multifaceted approach, we peel back shallow around see how changes with depth in crust. first generate velocity...

Abstract Groundwater is an important water source to support China's economic and social development. Since the 1970s, China, especially north region, has started intensively pump groundwater as a supply for agricultural irrigation, industry city expansion. To meet demand due rapid development of economy society, continuously disorderly exploited great extent prolonged time in some regions besides faulty operation management, insufficient emphasis on protection, which leads severe problems...

Abstract Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) provides dense arrays ideal for seismic tomography. However, DAS only records average axial strain change along the cable, which can complicate interpretation of surface-wave observations. With a rectangular array located in City Oxnard, California, we compare phase velocity dispersion at same location illuminated by differently oriented virtual sources. The curves are consistent colinear and noncolinear sources, suggesting that observations most...

Abstract: Early Miocene stratigraphy, major structural systems, magmatic emplacement, volcanic eruption, vegetation change and paleo‐elevation were analyzed for the Tibetan Plateau after regional geological mapping at a scale of 1:250,000 related researches, revealing much more information tectonic evolution topographic high plateau caused by Indian‐Asian continental collision. Lacustrine deposits dolostone, dolomite limestone, marl, sandstone conglomerate weak deformation formed extensively...

Abstract Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) offers a cost effective, nonintrusive method for high-resolution near-surface characterization in urban environments where conventional geophysical surveys are limited or nonexistent. However, passive imaging with DAS settings presents challenges such as strong diurnal traffic noise, nonlinear array geometry, and poor fiber coupling to the ground. We repurposed dark Melbourne, Australia, into 25 km that traces busy arterial roads, tram routes,...

Abstract The supra-subduction zone ophiolite or ophiolitic mélange formed in the forearc setting is generally considered to be a key geological record for subduction initiation (SI) with petrological characteristics comparable SI-related rock sequence from basalt (FAB) boninite Izu-Bonin-Mariana zone. Nevertheless, standard FAB and are difficult observe rocks generated during SI. Yet, typical indicating SI of western Proto-Tethys Ocean reported first time Qimanyute intra-oceanic system...

The Yanshan Movement occurred mainly during the Middle-Late Jurassic, and gave rise to NE trending structures, magmatic events, volcanism mineral resources. transformation evolution of movement Jurassic were investigated from rock assemblage, geochemistry, chronology in adamellites which exposed Xingcheng area, western Liaoning. Two types recognized—biotite with formation age 172–168 Ma garnet-bearing 158–152 Ma. All samples two displayed enriched characteristics high content SiO2...

The geological disaster caused by slope engineering has always been one of the most concerned issues in society. In recent years, rapid development urbanization China relatively large changes environment, sometimes leading to landslides and mudslides, which pose a significant threat human lives properties. monitoring technologies deformation have rapidly developed played an increasingly important role ensuring stability. This paper briefly introduces conventional their shortages. latest is...

黑龙江虎林盆地位于兴凯地块北部,盆地内部中央隆起区出露一套呈NE走向展布的虎林杂岩,岩石强烈韧性变形,对其变形样式及其动力学背景的探讨,为进一步研究兴凯地块乃至中国东北东部中生代构造属性和古太平洋构造体制下构造演化过程提供一个独特的视角。虎林杂岩主体由云母片岩和侵位其中的花岗质岩脉组成,塑性变形特征明显,发育倾向NW向片麻理,走向NE-SW的低角度矿物拉伸线理。岩石矿物组合、微观构造特征和石英EBSD组构分析显示岩石表现中低温变形样式,变形温度为350~450℃,石英变形机制以位错滑移和膨凸重结晶为主。结合宏观变形样式可知,虎林杂岩早期变形以NW倾向片麻理为标志,指示NW-SE向伸展作用,晚期变形以NE倾伏低角度矿物拉伸线理为标志,指示NE-SW向左行走滑事件。侵位的变形闪长玢岩的锆石年代学研究限定晚期左行走滑事件晚于闪长玢岩就位时间107.0±1.7Ma。早白垩世期间,伊泽奈崎板块(古太平洋)NW向斜向俯冲和板片后撤,导致东北东部乃至整个中国东部NW-SE向伸展,造成大陆岩石圈减薄、岩浆活动和虎林伸展断陷盆地的形成。在早白垩世末(104Ma之后),伊泽奈崎板块高速向欧亚大陆俯冲...