Increasing customer demand for durable and functional apparel manufactured in a sustainable manner has created an opportunity nanomaterials to be integrated into textile substrates. Nanomoieties can induce stain repellence, wrinkle-freeness, static elimination, electrical conductivity fibers without compromising their comfort flexibility. Nanomaterials also offer wider application potential create connected garments that sense respond external stimuli via electrical, color, or physiological...

Perturbation theory permits the analytic study of small changes on known solutions, and is especially useful in electromagnetism for understanding weak interactions imperfections. Standard perturbation-theory techniques, however, have difficulties when applied to Maxwell's equations shifts dielectric interfaces (especially high-index-contrast, three-dimensional systems) due discontinuous field boundary conditions--in fact, usual methods fail even predict lowest-order behavior. By considering...

The concept of a Microstructured Optical Fiber-based Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor with optimized microfluidics is proposed. In such plasmons on the inner surface large metallized channels containing analyte can be excited by fundamental mode single microstructured fiber. Phase matching between plasmon and core enforced introducing air filled microstructure into fiber core, thus allowing tuning modal refractive index its that plasmon. Integration size microfluidic for efficient flow...

Terahertz (THz) science and technology have greatly progressed over the past two decades to a point where THz region of electromagnetic spectrum is now mature research area with many fundamental practical applications. Furthermore, imaging positioned play key role in industrial applications, as steadily shifting from university-grade instrumentation commercial systems. In this context, objective review discuss recent advances an emphasis on modalities that could enable real-time...

We present the light-propagation characteristics of OmniGuide fibers, which guide light by concentric multi-layer dielectric mirrors having property omnidirectional reflection. show how lowest-loss TE_01 mode can propagate in a single-mode fashion through even large-core with other modes eliminated asymptotically their higher losses and poor coupling, analogous to hollow metallic microwave waveguides. Dispersion, radiation leakage, material absorption, nonlinearities, bending, acircularity,...

Design strategies for microstructured-optical-fiber (MOF-) based surface-plasmon-resonance (SPR) sensors are presented. In such sensors, plasmons on the inner surface of large metallized channels containing analyte can be excited by a fundamental mode single-mode microstructured fiber. Phase matching between plasmon and core enforced introducing air-filled microstructures into fiber core. Particularly, in its simplest implementation, effective refractive index lowered to match that small...

The concept of photonic bandgap fiber-based surface plasmon resonance sensor operating with low refractive index analytes is developed. Plasmon wave on the a thin metal film embedded into fiber microstructure excited by leaky Gaussian-like core mode fiber. We demonstrate that judicious design crystal reflector, effective can be made considerably smaller than material, thus enabling efficient phase matching plasmon, high sensitivity, and coupling efficiency from an external Gaussian source,...

We prove that an adiabatic theorem generally holds for slow tapers in photonic crystals and other strongly grated waveguides with arbitrary index modulation, exactly as conventional waveguides. This provides a guaranteed pathway to efficient broad-bandwidth couplers with, e.g., uniform show transmission can only occur, however, if the operating mode is propagating (nonevanescent) guided at every point taper. Moreover, we demonstrate how straightforward taper designs violate these conditions,...

We propose two designs of effectively single mode porous polymer fibers for low-loss guiding terahertz radiation. First, we present a fiber several wavelengths in diameter containing an array sub-wavelength holes separated by material veins. Second, detail large hollow core photonic bandgap Bragg made solid film layers suspended air network circular bridges. Numerical simulations radiation, absorption and bending losses are presented; strategies the experimental realization both suggested....

We propose a porous polymer terahertz fiber with core composed of hexagonal array subwavelength air holes. Numerical simulations show that the larger part guided power propagates inside holes within core, resulting in suppression bulk absorption losses material by factor ∼10–20. Confinement greatly reduces effective refractive index mode but not as much to considerably increase modal radiation due bending. As result, tight bends several centimeter bending radii can be tolerated.

Here we report fabrication of flexible and stretchable battery composed strain free LiFePO4 cathode, Li4Ti5O12 anode a solid poly ethylene oxide (PEO) electrolyte as separator layer. The is developed in view smart textile applications. Featuring thermoplastic key enabling element this potentially extrudable or drawable into fibers thin stripes which are directly compatible with the weaving process used fabrication. paper first details choice materials, characterisation electrodes Then...

We report on the terahertz (THz) spectral characteristics of hollow-core THz Bragg fibers. Two types high-index contrast fibers were fabricated: one based index between a polymer and air, second pure composite doped with inclusions. The transmission these waveguides is compared to theoretical simulations ideal nonideal structures. Waveguide dispersion low, total loss measurements allow us estimate an upper bound 0.05 cm−1 for power absorption coefficient in certain frequency bands. discuss...

We outline the most recent technological advancements in design, fabrication and characterization of polymer microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) for applications terahertz waveband. Focusing on specific experimental demonstrations, we show that provide a very flexible route towards THz wave guiding. Crucial incentives include large variety low-cost relatively low absorption loss polymers, facile fiber preform by molding, drilling, stacking extrusion, finally, simple through drawing at...

We study a 3D-printed hollow core terahertz (THz) Bragg waveguide for resonant surface sensing applications. demonstrate theoretically and confirm experimentally that by introducing defect in the first layer of reflector, thereby causing anticrossing between dispersion relations core-guided mode mode, we can create sharp transmission dip spectrum. By tracking changes spectral position narrow dip, one build sensor, which is highly sensitive to optical properties layer. To calibrate our use...

We report an all-polymer flexible piezoelectric fiber that uses both judiciously chosen geometry and advanced materials in order to enhance response. The microstructured/nanostructured features a soft hollow polycarbonate core surrounded by spiral multilayer cladding consisting of alternating layers nanocomposites (polyvinylidene enhanced with BaTiO3, PZT, or CNT) conductive polymer (carbon-filled polyethylene). serve as two electrodes, they also form spatially offset electric connectors on...

We have developed a method of terahertz (THz) solid immersion (SI) microscopy for continuous-wave reflection-mode imaging soft biological tissues with sub-wavelength spatial resolution. In order to achieve strong reduction in the dimensions THz beam caustic, an electromagnetic wave is focused into evanescent field volume behind medium high refractive index. experimentally demonstrated 0.15λ-resolution proposed modality at λ = 500 μm, which beyond Abbe diffraction limit and represents...

Design of hollow all-polymer Bragg fibers using periodic multilayers ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer and a low loss polycarbonate (PC) is demonstrated. Efficient band gap guiding predicted near the transverse optical frequency PVDF material in terahertz regime. Optimal reflector designs are investigated whole region. Depending on frequency, lowest fiber can be one following: photonic crystal regime, metamaterial with subwavelength period, single PC, or tube.

We present the fabrication and use of plastic Photonic Band Gap Bragg fibers in photonic textiles for applications interactive cloths, sensing fabrics, signage art. In their cross section feature periodic sequence layers two distinct plastics. Under ambient illumination appear colored due to optical interference microstructure. Importantly, no dyes or colorants are used such fibers, thus making resistant color fading. Additionally, guide light low refractive index core by bandgap effect,...

A new type of microstructured fiber for mid-infrared light is introduced. The chalcogenide glass-based microporous allows extensive dispersion engineering that enables design flattened waveguide windows and multiple zero-dispersion points - either blue-shifted or red-shifted from the bulk material point including spectral region CO(2) laser lines approximately 10.6 microm. Supercontinuum simulations a specific are performed demonstrate potential proposed to generate broad continuum in...

We report several strategies for the fabrication of porous subwavelength fibers using low density Polyethylene plastic low-loss terahertz light transmission applications. also characterize losses fabricated in a novel non-destructive directional coupler method. Within this method second fiber is translated along length test to probe power attenuation guided mode. The especially suitable measuring through short segments, situation which standard cutback difficult perform. demonstrate...

In this work we report two designs of subwavelength fibers packaged for practical terahertz wave guiding. We describe fabrication, modeling and characterization microstructured polymer featuring a subwavelength-size core suspended in the middle large porous outer cladding. This design allows convenient handling without distorting their modal profile. Additionally, air-tight cladding serves as natural enclosure fiber core, thus avoiding need bulky external humidity-purged atmosphere. Fibers 5...