Hydrogenation has proven to be an effective tool open the band gap of graphene. In present density functional study, we demonstrate that single-side-hydrogenated graphene is a semiconductor with indirect 1.35 eV, which in between gapless and wide band-gap graphane surprisingly close silicon. We show its electronic structure lattice characteristics are substantially different from those graphene, graphone, or graphane. The parameter C-C bond length found lengthened by $15%$ Our binding-energy...

To investigate how patients with heart failure preserved left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) compare reduced LVSF.Cohort study.Urban university hospital.528 index emergency admissions during the year 2000. Information on LVSF and follow up was available for 445 (84%) of these patients.130 (29%) had (defined as an ejection fraction > 40%). The median 814 days (range 632-978 days). average (SD) age 72 (13) years. Women accounted 62% 45% LVSF, respectively (p = 0.001). Patients (compared...

Two fatwā-s or legal opinions of the jurist al-Qābisī at Qayrawān about year A.D. 1000 show way in which Law Islam was used to protect Muslim against hazards trans-Saharan trade with Bilād al-Sūdan . Trade be conducted as far possible accordance Law, and approval given establishment communities al-Sūdān under authority a nāzir ‘watchman’, consent pagan king country. The formation on this basis, their incorporation into pattern West African society, were important for subsequent character...

Caught between schools of sociogy, historians North Africa over the past twenty years have concetrated on first century European colonization, 1830–1930. The previous thousand Muslim period remain enigmatic, their interpretation still heavily dependent upon work Ibn Kh haldūn. In conclusion to his volume 1952 edition Ch.-A. Julien's Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord , R. Ie Tourneau characterized this ‘medieval’ as one political failure. With particular reference Morocco, Gellner and more...

In this paper a new class of optical Fabry-Perot-based ultrasound detectors using low acoustic impedance glancing angle deposited (GLAD) films is demonstrated. GLAD single-step physical vapor-deposition (PVD) technique used to fabricate porous nanostructured thin films. Using titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), transparent semiconductor with high refractive index (n = 2.4), the can be employed samples tailored nano-porosity, periodicities, and Q-factor reflectance spectra. The average lower than bulk...

Objective: To investigate the nature and importance of blood glucose abnormalities in an unselected heart failure (HF) population. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Urban University hospital. Patients: All index emergency HF admissions to one hospital during year 2000 were studied. Results: 454 consecutive had chemistry, diabetic status follow-up information recorded. 390 (86%) patients echocardiogram, whom 117 (30%) preserved left ventricular systolic function 110 (24%) diabetes. Sixty (13%)...

Speaking of Tripoli, the fourteenth-century writer al-Tijāni says: ‘when Zughba killed Sa c īd ibn Khazrūn in year 429’. was Zanāta lord city, and al-Tijānī is explaining that venerable faqīh Ibn Munammar driven into exile because, when killed, he opened gates to a cousin dead man who promptly expelled by brother. The reference thus contained within an account dynasty Banū which itself biographical notice jurist Munammar. There no further explanation killing, mention it any other apart from...

The book under review here is to be compared with the volume published over ten years ago editorship of Michael Cook, Studies in economic history Middle East (London, 1970). It covers essentially same subject period time fashion, by a series papers contributed major international conference. differs first all length it has taken produce work, seven from original conference at Princeton 1974, three S.O.A.S. 1967 publication earlier collection. fact much longer, more space and allowed...

Dans l'histoire du Maghreb musulman, l'attitude des religieux envers l'exercice pouvoir politique peut se décrire selon quatre categories idéales qui typifient une gamme de positions vont la renonciation absolue à l'acceptation totale tâche gouvernement. A l'époque moderne ces attitudes sont rendues plus équivoques par disparition formes traditionnelles gouvernement, remplacées l'état moderne. En général les ont accepté ce changement. Parmi catégories idéales, personnalité murdbit prêt...

The post mortem examination of the French regime in North Africa has tried to establish what went wrong, and when. It described detail adverse effects upon indigène , especially Algeria. Rather less attention been paid minority those who, under circumstances, prospered various ways. fortunes 25,000 Muslim Algerian landowners, for example, each with anything from 50 500 or more hectares, deserve be studied. They are relevant current concern origins growth nationalist movements independence....

In this Letter, reflection-mode optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) using glancing angle-deposited (GLAD) nanostructured Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) for in vivo applications is reported. GLAD a single-step physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used to fabricate porous thin films. Using titanium dioxide, transparent semiconductor with high refractive index (n=2.4), the can be employed samples tailored nano-porosity, periodicities, and Q-factor reflectance spectra....

Abstract Over a period of some forty years, 380/990–421/1030, the Fatimids in Egypt exchanged embassies with their Zirid viceroys Ifrīqiya after these had been recognized as hereditary dynasty, and to lesser extent Kalbid deputies Sicily. Sijillāt or official letters Fatimid chancery, accompanied by sumptuous presents, invested Zirids authority favoured them important announcements, while replied kind. The were ostentatiously welcomed proof legitimacy, serving maintain connection Cairo on...