Impact toughness has a strong size effect, which restricts the accurate evaluation of material and safety structural design. However, our understanding internal mechanical mechanism that influences effect remains incomplete. To fill this gap, paper adopts method combining experiment, theory, simulation. From point view dependence plastic fracture behavior on stress state, impact (αk) was studied. Firstly, Charpy tests different sizes were carried out Al 6061. αk divided into cracking...

A two-step methodology is presented for evaluating the extreme value distribution (EVD) of response random nonlinear structures under fully nonstationary stochastic seismic excitations. The excitations are modeled by spectral representation method (SRM) based on evolutionary power density. In this regard, randomness in both structural properties and external considered, whereby a problem involving high-dimensional random-variate space needs to be tackled. proposed methodology, probability...

A number of desirable characteristics concerning excellent durability, aesthetics, recyclability, high ductility and fire resistance have made stainless steel a preferred option in engineering practice. However, the relatively initial cost has greatly restricted application as major structural material general construction. This drawback can be partially overcome by introducing composite steel-concrete structures, which provides cost-efficient sustainable solution for future paper presents...

Charpy impact energy/impact toughness is closely related to external factors such as specimen size. However, when the sample size small, linear conversion relationship between energy of sub-size and full-size specimens does not hold; varies with other factors. This indicates that studying internal influence on or key accurately understanding evaluating brittleness materials. In this paper, effects strain rate flow behavior stress triaxiality fracture 30CrMnSiNi2A high-strength steel were...

Although research on time–cost tradeoff (TCT) problems has been extensively conducted, there are still few applications of TCT optimization methods in the scheduling projects with practical size and complexity. As a good attempt, streamlined algorithm recently developed for solving continuous curvilinear activity relationship. However, encounters difficulties high memory requirements computational demand when it is implemented complex large-scale whose networks may involve tens millions...

We present some entropy and temperature relations of multi-horizons, even including the “virtual” horizon. These are related to product, division sum multi-horizons. obtain additional thermodynamic both static rotating black holes in three- four-dimensional (A)dS spacetime. Especially, a new dimensionless, charge-independence T+S+ = T_S_-like relation is presented. This does not depend on mass, electric charge, angular momentum cosmological constant, as it always constant. lead us obtaining...

This paper presents the flexural behaviour of stainless steel beam-to-tubular column joints with extended endplates subjected to static loading. Moment-rotation relationships were investigated numerically by using Abaqus software geometric and material nonlinearity considered. The prediction damages among components was achieved through ductile damage models, influence initial imperfections residual stresses evaluated in large fabricated involving hollow columns concrete-filled columns....

This paper presents a finite element model for predicting the behaviour of high-strength steel bolted beam-tocolumn joints under monotonic loading. The developed numerical considers effects material nonlinearities and geometric nonlinearities. accuracy is examined by comparing predicted results with independent experimental results. It demonstrated that proposed accurately predicts ultimate flexural resistances moment-rotation curves beam-to-column joints. Mechanical performance three joint...

An experimental investigation into fracture of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a lightweight building material, is presented. The experiments indicate that AAC softening and the process can be considered as steady degradation composite structure consisting microporous matrix artificially induced air pores. In terms mechanisms, there exists similarity between structural concrete, described by fictitious crack model used for concrete. Fracture properties such specific energy, GF, depend on...

The open competitive power market makes it possible for participants to gain more profits through strategic bidding. This paper proposes a model being able the generators compared with rivals supply offers and dispatch load units are change their demand bids. Reinforcement Q-learning is considered used achieve goal of improving profit generators. test 6-bus transmission grid Wood Wollenberg. electricity prices determined at each bus, physical location participants. experimental results...

This paper presents the results of fluid flow and dynamic behavior dross in a hot-dip coreless galvanizing process by performing water modeling experiments numerical simulations. NaCl aqueous solutions plastic particles were employed as model top bottom dross, respectively. The velocity distributions measured with help an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) for strip speeds from 1.0 m/s to 2.7 m/s. both simulations showed that bath is very complex determined speed, which also key factor...

This paper presented an integral design procedure for demountable bolted composite frames with semi-rigid joints. Moment-rotation relationships of beam-to-column joints were predicted analytical models aiming to provide accurate and reliable solutions. Among this, initial stiffness was derived on the basis Timoshenko' s plate theory, moment capacity in accordance Eurocodes. The predictions validated relevant test results prior further applications. Frame analysis conducted by using Abaqus...