Abstract Background The economic importance of grapevine has driven significant efforts in genomics to accelerate the exploitation Vitis resources for development new cultivars. However, although a large number clonally propagated accessions are maintained grape germplasm collections worldwide, their use crop improvement is limited by scarcity information on genetic diversity, population structure and proper phenotypic assessment. identification representative manageable subset would...

In the last decade, great progress has been made in clarifying main determinants of anthocyanin accumulation grape berry skin. However, molecular details fine variation among cultivars, which ultimately contributes to wine typicity, are still not completely understood. To shed light on this issue, grapes 170 F1 progeny from cross 'Syrah'×'Pinot Noir' were characterized at mature stage for content 15 anthocyanins during four growing seasons. This huge data set was used combination with a...

The application of population genetic methods in combination with gene mapping strategies can help to identify genes and mutations selected during the evolution from wild plants crops explore considerable variation still maintained natural populations. We genotyped a grapevine germplasm collection 44 (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) 48 cultivated (V. sativa) accessions at 54 K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) perform whole-genome comparison main statistics. analysis Wright Fixation...

Cultivars used for wine and table grape have self-fertile hermaphrodite flowers whereas wild European vines American Asian species are dioecious, having either male or female flowers. Consistent with previous studies, the flower sex trait was mapped as a single major locus on chromosome 2 based pure Vitis vinifera population segregating progeny, hybrid producing all three types. The placed between same SSR SNP markers both genetic maps, although abnormal segregation hampered to fine map...

Whole-genome comparisons of Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa and V. sylvestris are expected to provide a better estimate the valuable genetic diversity still present in grapevine, help reconstruct evolutionary history major crop worldwide. To this aim, increase molecular marker density across grapevine genome is fundamental. Here we describe SNP discovery germplasm collection 51 cultivars 44 wild accessions through novel protocol restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing. By resequencing...

The genetic varietal authentication of wine was investigated according to DNA isolation procedures reported for enological matrices and also by testing 11 commercial extraction kits various protocol modifications. Samples were collected at different stages the winemaking process renowned Italian wines Brunello di Montalcino, Lambruschi Modenesi, Trento DOC. Results demonstrated not only that grape loss is produced fermentation but clarification stabilization operations contribute reduction...

The IFAPA research center "Rancho de la Merced" (Jerez, Spain) hosts one of the oldest and most diverse grapevine germplasm repositories in Europe, is aimed at providing feasible solutions to deal with any agronomic trait by exploring its genetic variability means association Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) editing studies. In this work, we focused on a wine dual-use subcollection that consists 930 accessions. Genetic analysis allowed identify 521 unique genotypes. After comparing them several...

High fruit and wine quality combined with good climatic adaptation disease resistance are essential objectives of grape breeding. While several molecular markers available for pyramiding to fungal pathogens, tools predicting composition still scarce. Muscat flavor, caused by the accumulation monoterpenoids in berry, is an important target trait breeding, sought after both table grapes wine. Four missense mutations VvDXS gene germplasm have been shown be tightly linked muscat flavor. Here we...

In this study, we identified several genes, which potentially contribute to phenological variation in the grapevine. This may help maintain consistent yield and suitability of particular varieties future climatic conditions. The timing major developmental events fruit crops differs with cultivar, weather conditions ecological site. plasticity results also diverse levels fruitfulness. Identifying genetic factors responsible for phenology fertility improve these traits better match climates....

Reference genetic profiles were generated for 12 traditional grapevine cultivars of Serbia through a genotyping approach that included the core set 9 SSR markers identification and further 13 common microsatellites strengthening relationship analysis. Consistent matching with grapevines cultivated in neighbouring countries or maintained European germplasm collections was found most genotypes, suggesting possible synonyms revealing 'Muskat Krokan' corresponds to 'Muscat fleur d’Oranger' two...

Abstract Background Understanding the complexity of vine plant’s response to water deficit represents a major challenge for sustainable winegrowing. Regulation use requires coordinated action between scions and rootstocks on which cultivars are generally grafted cope with phylloxera infestations. In this regard, genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied an ‘ad hoc’ mapping panel including different Vitis species, in order dissect genetic basis transpiration-related traits...

Abstract Background Grapevine reproductive development has direct implications on yield. It also impacts berry and wine quality by affecting traits like seedlessness, bunch size, cluster compactness skin to pulp ratio. Seasonal fluctuations in yield, fruit composition attributes, which are largely driven climatic factors, major challenges for worldwide table grape industry. Accordingly, a better understanding of processes such as gamete development, fertilization, seed set is paramount...

Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, are major aroma-impact compounds in grape and wine. Previous studies highlighted a key regulatory role for grapevine 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1 (VvDXS1), the first enzyme of methylerythritol phosphate pathway isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. Here, parallel analysis VvDXS1 genotype terpene concentration germplasm collection demonstrated that sequence has very high predictive value accumulation monoterpenes also an influence on...

We present a high-density integrated map for grapevine, allowing refinement and improved understanding of the grapevine genome, while demonstrating applicability Vitis18K SNP chip linkage mapping. The improvement through biotechnology requires identification molecular bases target traits by studying marker-trait associations. provides useful genotyping tool genome-wide marker analysis. Most maps are based on single mapping populations, but an can increase density show order conservation....

Rising temperatures and ozone levels are among the most striking stressful phenomena of global climate changes, they threaten plants that unable to react rapidly efficiently. Generic responses stresses include production excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS accumulation can lead extensive oxidation important components such as nucleic acids, proteins lipids which further exacerbate leading programmed cell death. Although studies on plant antioxidants have focused non-volatile...

The Holy Land has a long history of winemaking, widely mentioned in ancient scripts. Muslim occupation this region, starting the 7th century initiated wine consumption prohibition, resulting abandonment most varieties. renewing Israeli industry 19th was based on international cultivars. Between years 2011-2014 we conducted country-wide survey towards collection and assessment an grapevine germplasm collection, including for first time Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi...

The area of the Garda Lake within Trentino province (north Italy) is northernmost part Europe where Mediterranean species Olea europaea L. traditionally cultivated. ‘Casaliva’ claimed as main variety grown in (GT) from which a world renowned niche extra virgin olive oil produced. Since dominant presence would link fruit set success and yield to self-pollination compatibility system, deep genetic survey tree population GT has been performed with aim establishing actual varietal composition...

Abstract Background: The IFAPA research center “Rancho de la Merced” (Jerez, Spain), hosts one of the oldest and widest grapevine germplasm banks in Europe, is aimed at providing feasible solutions to deal with any agronomic trait by exploring its genetic variability means association DNA editing studies. In this work we focused on a wine dual-use sub-collection that consists 930 accessions. Results: Genetic analysis allowed identify 521 unique genotypes. After comparing them several...

Introgression of genetic resistance to fungal diseases from American and Asian Vitis species traditionally pursued in grape breeding programs, although facilitated by molecular tools, has an impact on wine quality that still slows down development competitive varieties. A contribution the improvement grapevines for pathogens may come unexplored resources Eurasian vinifera L. In present study, a hundred grapevine accessions Georgia, Armenia Azerbaijan were genotyped with SSR markers linked...

Seedless table grapes are greatly appreciated for fresh and dry consumption. There is also some interest in seedless winegrapes, because the combination of lower fruit set, smaller berries with higher skin/pulp ratio looser bunches absence seeds crushed berries, a possible source astringent tannins, might have favorable effects on wine quality. The gene VviAGL11 has been shown to play central role stenospermocarpy Sultanina, but molecular bases other sources as well parthenocarpy not...

Long-term studies on grapevine phenology have clearly demonstrated that global warming is affecting phenological events, leading to an anticipation in their timing, and negatively impacting grape yield berry quality. Therefore, dissecting the genetic determinants involved plant regulation of stages budburst, flowering, veraison ripening can improve our knowledge underlying mechanisms support breeding programs advancement vineyard management strategies.We report here results a QTL mapping...