A5045247167- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate change and permafrost
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and environmental studies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
Cranfield University
2021-2022
Keele University
2018-2022
UNSW Sydney
2012-2021
Environmental Earth Sciences
2013-2021
University of Exeter
2007-2013
University of Edinburgh
2004-2007
A robust understanding of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglacial history since the Last Glacial Maximum is important in order to constrain ice sheet and glacial-isostatic adjustment models, explore forcing mechanisms responsible for retreat. Such can be derived from a broad range geological glaciological datasets recent decades have seen an upsurge such data gathering around continent Sub-Antarctic islands. Here, we report new synthesis those datasets, based on accompanying series reviews data,...
. Glacier fluctuations in the Strait of Magellan tell climatic changes that affected southern latitudes at c. 53–55°S during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Late‐glacial/Holocene transition. Here we present a revised chronology based on cosmogenic isotope analysis, 14C assays, amino acid racemisation tephrochronology. We unpick effect bedrock‐derived lignite which has many dates past synthesise new constrain five glacier advances (A to E). Advance A is prior LGM. LGM represented by B reached...
Research Article| May 01, 2010 Deglacial history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in Weddell Sea embayment: Constraints on past ice volume change Michael J. Bentley; Bentley 1Department Geography, University Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Christopher Fogwill; Fogwill 2School Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Anne M. Le Brocq; Brocq Alun L. Hubbard; Hubbard 3Institute Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth,...
Retreat of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) Antarctic ice sheet is thought to have been initiated by changes in ocean heat and eustatic sea level propagated from Northern Hemisphere (NH) as northern sheets melted under rising atmospheric temperatures. The extent which spatial variability dynamics may modulated resultant pattern timing decay has so far received little attention, however, despite growing recognition that dynamic effects account for a sizeable proportion mass-balance observed...
The Weddell Sea sector is one of the main formation sites for Antarctic Bottom Water and an outlet about fifth Antarctica's continental ice volume. Over last few decades, studies on glacial–geological records in this have provided conflicting reconstructions changes ice-sheet extent thickness since Last Glacial Maximum (LGM at ca 23–19 calibrated kiloyears before present, cal ka BP). Terrestrial geomorphological exposure ages obtained from rocks hinterland Sea, constraints cores some...
Abstract The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is out of equilibrium with the current anthropogenic‐enhanced climate forcing. Paleoenvironmental records and ice sheet models reveal that AIS has been tightly coupled to system during past indicate potential for accelerated sustained mass loss into future. Modern observations by contrast suggest only just started respond change in recent decades. maximum projected sea level contribution from Antarctica 2100 increased significantly since...
The future response of the Antarctic ice sheet to rising temperatures remains highly uncertain. A useful period for assessing sensitivity Antarctica warming is Last Interglacial (LIG) (129 116 ky), which experienced warmer polar and higher global mean sea level (GMSL) (+6 9 m) relative present day. LIG cannot be fully explained by Greenland Ice Sheet melt (∼2 m), ocean thermal expansion, melting mountain glaciers (∼1 suggesting substantial mass loss was initiated Southern Ocean waters,...
Abstract Outlet glaciers grounded on a bed that deepens inland and extends below sea level are potentially vulnerable to ‘marine ice sheet instability’. This instability, which may lead runaway loss, has been simulated in models, but its consequences have not directly observed geological records. Here we provide new surface-exposure ages from an outlet of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet reveal rapid glacier thinning occurred approximately 7,000 years ago, absence large environmental changes....
Anthropogenic activity is now recognised as having profoundly and permanently altered the Earth system, suggesting we have entered a human-dominated geological epoch, 'Anthropocene'. To formally define onset of Anthropocene, synchronous global signature within geological-forming materials required. Here report series precisely-dated tree-ring records from Campbell Island (Southern Ocean) that capture peak atmospheric radiocarbon (14C) resulting Northern Hemisphere-dominated thermonuclear...
Reversing the field Do terrestrial geomagnetic reversals have an effect on Earth's climate? Cooper et al. created a precisely dated radiocarbon record around time of Laschamps reversal about 41,000 years ago from rings New Zealand swamp kauri trees. This reveals substantial increase in carbon-14 content atmosphere culminating during period weakening magnetic strength preceding polarity switch. The authors modeled consequences this event and concluded that minimum caused changes atmospheric...
Abstract The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) response to past warming consistent with the 1.5–2°C “safe limit” of United Nations Paris Agreement is currently not well known. Empirical evidence from most recent comparable period, Last Interglaciation, sparse, and transient ice‐sheet experiments are few inconsistent. Here, we present new, transient, GCM‐forced simulations validated against proxy reconstructions. This first time such an evaluation has been attempted. Our empirically constrained...
Abstract Antarctica is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change on Earth and studying past present responses this polar marine ecosystem environmental a matter urgency. Sedimentary ancient DNA ( sed aDNA) analysis can provide such insights into ecosystem-wide changes. Here we authenticated (through extensive contamination control aDNA damage analysis) metagenomic eukaryote from Scotia Sea region acquired during IODP Expedition 382. We also record ~1 Mio. years diatom chlorophyte...
. This paper examines new geomorphological, chronological and modelling data on glacier fluctuations in southernmost South America latitudes 46–55°S during the last glacial–interglacial transition. Establishing leads lags between northern southern hemispheres mid‐latitudes Antarctica is key to an appreciation of mechanisms resilience global climate. particularly important hemisphere where there a paucity empirical data. The overall structure glacial cycle Patagonia has signal. Glaciers...
. We examine the deglaciation of eastern flank North Patagonian Icefield between latitudes 46° and 48°S in an attempt to link chronology Last Glacial Maximum moraines those close present‐day outlet glaciers. The main features area are three shorelines created by ice‐dammed lakes that drained eastwards Atlantic. On basis 16 14C exposure age dates we conclude there was rapid glacier retreat at 15–16 ka (calendar ages) saw glaciers 90–125 km within 20 their present margins. There followed a...
Here we present the first reconstruction of vertical ice-sheet profile changes from any Southern Hemisphere's mid-latitude Pleistocene ice sheets. We use cosmogenic radio-nuclide (CRN) exposure analysis to record decay former Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS) Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and into late glacial. Our samples, mountains along an east-west transect east North Icefield (NPI), serve as 'dipsticks' that allow us reconstruct past in thickness demonstrates PIS remained extensive close its LGM...
Abstract Despite advances in our understanding of the processes driving contemporary sea level rise, stability Antarctic ice sheets and their contribution to under projected future warming remains uncertain due influence strong ice‐climate feedbacks. Disentangling these feedbacks is key reducing uncertainty. Here we present a series climate system model simulations that explore potential effects increased West Ice Sheet ( WAIS ) meltwater flux on Southern Ocean dynamics. We project changes...
Abstract. The geometry of Antarctic ice sheets during warm periods the geological past is difficult to determine from evidence, but important know because such reconstructions enable a more complete understanding how ice-sheet system responds changes in climate. Here we investigate Antarctica evolved under orbital and greenhouse gas conditions representative an interglacial early Pliocene at 4.23 Ma, when Southern Hemisphere insolation reached maximum. Using offline-coupled climate models,...
Abstract The Southern Ocean paleoceanography provides key insights into how iron fertilization and oceanic productivity developed through Pleistocene ice-ages their role in influencing the carbon cycle. We report a high-resolution record of dust deposition ocean for Antarctic Zone, close to main source, Patagonia. Our deep-ocean records cover last 1.5 Ma, thus doubling that from ice-cores. find 5 15-fold increase during glacials 2 5-fold biogenic silica deposition, reflecting higher...
Research Article| September 01, 2006 Geomorphological evidence and cosmogenic 10Be/26Al exposure ages for the Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation of Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Michael J. Bentley; Bentley 1Department Geography, University Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK Search other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Christopher Fogwill; Fogwill 2Institute School Geosciences, Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Peter W. Kubik; Kubik 3Paul Scherrer Institut, c/o...