Abstract Vegetation plays an important role in soil erosion control, but few studies have been performed to quantify the effects of vegetation stems on hydraulics overland flow. Laboratory flume experiments were conducted investigate potential Reynolds number, Froude flow velocity and hydraulic resistance silt‐laden Cylinders with diameter D 2·0, 3·2 4·0 × 10 −2 m glued onto bed simulate stems, a bare slope was used as control. The discharge varied from 0·5 1·5 −3 3 s −1 gradient 9°. Results...

Abstract Simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Astragalus adsurgens roots and canopy on water erosion yield, processes soil resistance erosion. Experiments grass, root bare slopes, with sandy from a water–wind crisscrossed region Loess Plateau, China. A. coverage grass slopes was approximately 40%. There three intensities 30, 60 90 mm h –1 four slope gradients 3, 6, 9 12°. had significant control; loss reduced by ~70% compared slopes. The more than its...

To evaluate the process of nitrate accumulation and leaching in surface ground water, we conducted simulated rainfall experiments. The experiments were performed areas 5.3 m2 with bare slopes 3° that treated two nitrogen fertilizer inputs, high (22.5 g/m2 NH4NO3) control (no fertilizer), subjected to 2 hours rainfall, with. From 1st 7th experiments, same content mixed soil was uniformly applied at 10 minutes before no for 8th through 12th Initially, time-series concentration flow quickly...

Climate and land-use change are the two main driving forces that affect watershed hydrological processes. Separately assessing their impacts on hydrology is important for planning water resource management. In this research, SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) statistical methods were applied to evaluate effects of climate surface in hilly-gully region Loess Plateau. The results showed runoff soil presented a downward tendency, while evapotranspiration (ET) an upward tendency Yanhe from 1982...

Soil and water conservation measures can impact hydrological cycle, but quantitative analysis of this is still difficult in a watershed scale. To assess the effect quantitatively, three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) with surface runoff model–the Conservation Service (SCS) were calibrated applied based on artificial rainfall experiments. Then, three soil scenarios simulated sand-box to bare slope changing grass land straw mulching volume, hydraulic head,...

Abstract To increase the available land area, a large-scale remediation campaign was carried out in loess hilly and gully area. A large number of high steep slopes have been produced construction road engineering water conservancy engineering, these will cause serious soil erosion under rainfall conditions. Because runoff is simultaneously affected by slope, bed surface rainfall, movement characteristics are complex. It difficult to consider all influencing factors existing models,...

Biochar application can enhance soil health and alter bacterial community structure. However, knowledge relating to biochar on nutrients of mountainous apple orchards then assessing its effect health, especially microorganisms, is still scanty. Therefore, we evaluated the responses six treatments [Ck (0), T1 (2), T2 (4), T3 (6), T4 (8), T5 (10) Mg hm-2] with a basal dose chemical fertilizer under potted trees across 3, 6, 9, 12 months, investigated rhizobacterial communities. Experimental...

Rainwater is widely collected and stored in cisterns for domestic use due to extreme water scarcity poor quality on the Loess Plateau, China. However, little information exists effects of cistern materials construction methods quality. This study assessed rainwater harvested different types cisterns, using multivariate statistical analysis techniques. The harvesting system consisted ditches underground direct stream by catchments through pipes two-stage grit chambers, runoff ultimately being...

The surface water of 10 major river systems across China has been under intermediate pollution with striking eutrophication problems in lakes (reservoirs). More data from the Ministry Environmental Protection showed that underground 57% monitoring sites Chinese cities was polluted or extremely polluted. Rural pollution, rising number incidents industrial outdated sewerage systems, and overuse pesticides chemical fertilizers also endanger health rural inhabitants China. Nearly 0.2 billion...

A new nano-soil stabilizer (N-MBER, Nanometer Material Becoming Earth into Rock) material was developed in this research by using the high activity and ultrafine properties of nano-SiO2 (NS), which were able to improve cement-based soil had broad application prospects. The results showed that (1) strength N-MBER obeyed a compound function relation with curing period additive amount NS. relationship between an exponential when constant. power fixed. compressive increased more than 15%...

The stress–strain constitutive model under uniaxial compression is a basic element and important characterization method for determining physical mechanical properties in cement-based materials research. In this study, was established, which based on new nano-stabilized soil (NSS) through typical tests relationship results indicate that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of enhanced with increase curing period nano-stabilizer dosage, growth rate reaches maximum at 12% dosage tested...

Apples are not only a foodstuff, but also raw material for many industrial production fields, and the market demand is constantly increasing. The Loess Plateau one of world’s largest apple-producing areas, with about 85% aged orchards (more than 20 years old), facing problems such as poor soil water retention, degradation tree strength, declining yield quality, etc., so do in other regions world, study on improving quality increasing great significance to sustainable development apple...

Measures of soil and water conservation (SWC) could affect the hydrological process. The impacts typical measures on groundwater recharge, levels flow were analyzed based simulated rainfall experiments a model. three-dimensional finite-difference model (MODFLOW) was calibrated verified for bare slope, grassland straw mulching scenarios experiments. results verification in balance, levels, runoff field all showed that MODFLOW be applied to study impact SWC groundwater. Meanwhile, recharge...

Soil is the largest pool of terrestrial organic carbon in biosphere [1].Statistically, soil (C) 3.3 times size atmospheric and 4.5 biotic pool.The global C 2500 gigatons (Gt) includes approximately 1550 Gt (SOC) [2].Therefore, agro-ecological systems are considered potential pools.SOC directly affects structure fertility, small changes SOC will have a large

Changes in the soil organic matter are related to land-use change of sustainable agricultural production. However, few studies have been reported on effects changes planting practices SOC during reconstruction period old apple orchards. In this study, 4 treatments were applied orchards (more than 20 years old) Loess Plateau: thinning and replanted saplings (TR); all felled planted corn (CR); millet (MT); potato (PT). It was found that: ranked as MT > PT CR TR, decreased with depth,...

Abstract Extreme rainfall is an important driver of soil erosion and land damage. The Gully Land Consolidation program (GLCP) was first launched in 2011 as a major reclamation practice to increase farmland the Loess Plateau China. Studying impact artificial projects on hydrology can help humans respond various water issues, but assessment effects GLCP extreme rainfall‐induced runoff at watershed scale currently lacking. Our study used tool (SWAT) evaluate influence different locations areas...

Although a land consolidation project has increased arable area in loess areas, the loessal soil poor fertility and productivity.Soil degradation accompanying decline crop yields are main limiting factors for agricultural development on Loess Plateau.Biochar been used as an amendment to improve yields.A potted experiment was carried out study effects of biochar addition (0, 5, 15 25 t ha -1 ) physicochemical properties well sunflower yield.The results showed that higher rates (15, can...

Gully Land Consolidation (GLC) is a proven method to create farmlands and increase crop yields in the Loess Hilly Region, China. However, GLC influences phreatic water transformation might cause disasters, such as salinization swamping. For exploring influence of on mitigating series indoor experiments were conducted artificial rainfall hall. Then, we simulated patterns under more conditions with HYDRUS-3D. Finally, an engineering demonstration field was performed validate our research. The...