Mediterranean mountainous basins play a vital role in supplying water and supporting ecosystem services. However, these environments are increasingly threatened by climate change. Recent studies reveal that catchments the region, which experienced substantial snow accumulation from 1970 to 1990, now facing reduced levels faster snowmelt since 2000. These changes can significantly affect seasonality volume of runoff groundwater recharge as well vegetation phenology. Given expected drier...

The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of in displacement deep is, by investigating upper mantle, lower crustal portion upraising gasses carried liquids. other try to explore recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, zones, aiming recognize function abovementioned their capability direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding faults...

This study wants to give a contribution the semi-automatic evaluation of rock mass discontinuities, orientation and spacing, as important parameters used in Engineering. In complex inaccessible areas, traditional geological survey is hard conduct, therefore, remote sensing techniques have proven be very useful tool for discontinuity analysis. However, critical expert judgment necessary make reliable analyses. For this reason, open-source Python named DCS (Discontinuities Classification...

The stability of a rock slope is strongly influenced by the pattern groundwater flow through fracture system, which may lead to an increase in water pressure partly open joints and consequent decrease wall strength. comprehension challenging but vital aspect engineering geology since fractures’ spatial distribution, connectivity, aperture guide both movement quantity within volume. In literature, most accepted methods hydraulically characterise fractured rocks situ are single borehole packer...

Nowadays, the balance between incoming precipitation and stream or spring discharge is a challenging aspect in many scientific disciplines related to water management. In this regard, although advances methodologies for calculation concerning each component of cycle have been achieved, Thornthwaite–Mather method remains one most used, especially hydrogeological purposes. fact, contrast physical-based models, which require input parameters, simple, empirical, data-driven procedure error...

Forecasting of water availability has become increasing interest in recent decades, especially due to growing human pressure and climate change, affecting groundwater resources towards a perceivable depletion. Numerous research papers developed at various spatial scales successfully investigated daily or seasonal level prediction starting from measured meteorological data (i.e., precipitation temperature) observed levels, by exploiting data-driven approaches. Barely few combine the variables...

Understanding the groundwater flow in carbonate aquifers represents a challenging aspect hydrogeology, especially when they have been struck by strong seismic events. It has proved that large earthquakes change springs hydrodynamic behaviour showing transitory or long-lasting variations and making their management much more difficult. This is case of Sibillini Massif (central Italy), which hit well-known 2016–2017 period. work aims to improve knowledge circulation possible changes behaviour,...

Co-seismic changes in groundwater regime are often observed after moderate to strong earthquakes. The 24 August 2016 Mw 6.0 extensional Amatrice earthquake, which was the first event of a long-lasting seismic sequence, including 30 October 6.5 Norcia event, triggered significant discharge alteration Pescara di Arquata spring, located Umbria-Marche Apennines (Northern Apennines, Central Italy) and exploited for drinking purposes. During five months mainshock, an extra flow about 30% recorded,...

Carbonate aquifers are characterised by strong heterogeneities and their modelling is often a challenging aspect in hydrological studies. Understanding carbonate can be more complicated the case of seismic events which have been widely demonstrated to influence groundwater flow over wide areas or on local scale. The 2016–2017 sequence Central Italy paradigmatic example how earthquakes play an important role surface water modifications. Campiano catchment, experienced significant discharge...

Abstract In the framework of landslides, hydrogeological features play an essential role in slope stability, governing water movement and thus resulting modification effective stress soil. this framework, conceptualization landslide areas identification groundwater origin are key points to developing risk mitigation measures. fact, recharge cannot always be attributed local precipitation alone. Mixing processes between derived from infiltration deep upflow along tectonic lineaments or...

The dynamic of groundwater systems feeding several springs the Sibillini Mountains was deeply affected by nine Mw 5.0÷6.5 seismic events occurred in central Italy starting from August 2016. strongest shock on October 30th 2016 about 5 km NNE Norcia Town, 9 below surface, as a result upper crust normal faulting nearly 30 km-long Mt Vettore - Bove fault system, NW-SE trending, SW-dipping system outcropping western slope Vettore, highest peak Mountains. Soon after this event, general increase...

Hydrogeological perturbations in response to earthquakes are widely described worldwide. In carbonate aquifers, a post-seismic discharge increase is often attributed an of bulk permeability due co-seismic fracturing and the attention on role faults explain diversion groundwater increasing. We focus reaction hydrogeological basins extensional seismicity, taking as example effects Central Italy 2016-2017 seismic sequence, Basal aquifer Sibillini Mountains area. Geo-structural, seismological...

Abstract. The study aims to demonstrate that an effective solution can be implemented for modeling complex carbonate basins, in the situation of limited data availability. Considering alternative approaches under circumstances shortage is more significant knowing vulnerability and effectiveness these kinds basins drought climate change conditions. In this regard, a hybrid approach combines time series analysis reservoir proposed describe behavior basins. Time estimates contributing area...

The importance of considering groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) as a single resource two interconnected components has rapidly increased during the last decades. To investigate GW-SW interaction in an aquifer system exploited by several pumping wells, integrated continuous monitoring hydrological conditions was carried out. sub-catchment (14 km2), located Aspio basin near Ancona (Central Italy), is drained small stream named Betelico, it characterised presence unconfined alluvial...

Abstract Mountainous zones are often characterized by complex orography and contacts between different aquifers that usually complicate the use of isotope hydrology techniques. The Apennine chain (Italy) 10 mountain mid‐mountain areas belonging to it objective this study. An original isotopic data treatment, able identify most probable recharge area for several springs/springs' groups/wells, has been developed. method consists a two‐step approach: (1) determination spring/wells computed...

It is well established in geosciences that Mw > 4 earthquakes are expected to produce changes the geochemistry of waters circulating close epicentral area. Therefore, such modifications commonly considered as precursory signals and strictly related earthquake preparation processes seismic cycles. Since most these transitory site-sensitive, identification possible suitable precursors represents one major challenges for geoscientists. Consequently, development multi-parametric water...

Changes in groundwater flow response to strong earthquakes are widely described many tectonic environments. For example, a post-seismic discharge variation is often attributed an increase of bulk permeability due co-seismic fracturing and/or change the role faults acting as conduits/barrier flow.We take example fractured aquifer Mts. Sibillini carbonate massif, Central Italy, which were affected by and prolonged extensional seismic sequence 2016-17. The was characterized M=6.5 event...

Abstract A large tank (1.4 m x 4.0 1.3 m) filled with medium-coarse sand was employed to measure evaporation rates from shallow groundwater at controlled laboratory conditions, determine drivers and mechanisms. To monitor the level drawdown 12 piezometers were installed in a semi regular grid equipped high precision water level, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC) probes. In each piezometer, 6 micro sampling ports every 10 cm capture vertical salinity gradients. Moreover, soil content,...

Hydrological predictive models represent the most recently developed tools in field of water simulation. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied Aspio basin central Italy. After a calibration validation procedure based on daily streamflow-observed data, sediment erosion rate from estimated 4 years The 2016 2018 were characterized by higher amount transported sediment, which coincided with run-off peaks events. Regarding land-use classification, study shows how...

Over the years scientific community underlined several problems related to use of isotopic hydrology techniques in areas characterized by a complex orography, usually occurring mountain areas, or those cases where hydrological setting is complicated contacts between different aquifers (Nanni et al., 2013).In this study, an innovative model, able identify most probable recharge area for springs exploited drinking purposes, has been developed and applied Nera catchment Sibillini Mountain...

Understanding hydrological flow pathways and spatio-temporal origin of surface subsurface water in catchments with highly fractured geology is particularly challenging. In this work, we relied on the integration hydrometric measurements stable oxygen hydrogen isotope data two adjacent Sibillini Mountains National Park, Central Italy, to better understand drivers catchment response stream spring waters. The Ussita 44 km2 its highest elevation 2204 m a.s.l. Nera 110 peak 2233...