In a longitudinal study, infants 6-18 months of age were observed in their homes playing with mothers and peers. Of primary concern was how they coordinated attention to people objects. Observations coded using state-based scheme that included state joint engagement as well states person engagement, object onlooking, passive engagement. All developmental trends similar regardless partner: declined age, while increased. Passive onlooking did not change age. However, the absolute amount some...

The disparity in the amount and quality of language that low-income children hear relative to their more-affluent peers is often referred as 30-million-word gap. Here, we expand literature about this by reporting contributions early parent-child communication quantity input 60 families. Including both successful struggling learners from National Institute Child Health Human Development Study Early Care Youth Development, noted wide variation nonverbal verbal interactions (symbol-infused...

When faced by a suddenly unresponsive social partner, young infants typically react sobering and gazing away. This still‐face reaction has intrigued researchers for several decades. In this article, we present history of the paradigm in which locate early observations effect, describe formalization procedure that reliably produces it, discuss how been used to investigate broad range questions about emotional development. addition, reflect on heuristic value shared experimental paradigms.

Purpose This study compared the language performance of young children with developmental delays who were randomly assigned to 1 3 parent-coached interventions. Differences in on augmented and spoken word size use, vocabulary size, communication interaction skills examined. Method Sixty-eight toddlers fewer than 10 words input (AC-I), output (AC-O), or (SC) interventions; 62 completed intervention. trial assessed children’s symbolic using measures from transcripts 18th 24th intervention...

Fifty‐six children were observed longitudinally from 18 to 30 months of age interacting with their mothers during a Communication Play that contained 8 scenes designed encourage interacting, requesting, commenting, and narrating. Of primary concern was how often symbols infused the child's states engagement people objects experience in such symbol‐infused related language acquisition. Findings indicate increasingly infuse joint engagement, both timing trajectory vary widely among typically...

By three weeks of age, the human neonate demonstrates behaviours which are quite different with an object and a interactant. He also expectancy for interaction his caregiver has clearly defined limits, as demonstrated behaviourally. In microanalysis videotape, we saw regularly set interactive were demonstrable in optimal face-to-face between infants their mothers. All parts infant's body move smooth circular patterns he attends to her. His attention her is rhythmic approach-withdrawal...

SUMMARY The pattern of crying and fretting behavior during the first two years is described for 46 !Kung San infants from a hunter‐gatherer society in northwestern Botswana. Despite markedly different caretaking practices predisposing to quieter infants, were significantly greater three months, peak was present. Measurement ‘intensity’ indicated that it predominantly short fretful. results support concept early not specific western industrialized societies, may represent universal human...

ADAMSON, LAUREN B., and BAKEMAN, ROGER. Affect Attention: Infants Observed with Mothers Peers. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1985, 56, 582-593. This study documents the rate, mean duration, mode of infants' affective displays. Using a cross-sequential design, infants were observed in their homes from 6 to 18 months playing mothers, peers, alone. rates higher mothers than peers. With increasing age, affect as well vocal increased, while durations facial motoric modes decreased. was most likely when...

Abstract Many of the discrepancies reported to date in empirical investigations impostor phenomenon (IP) may be due part (a) use different methods for identifying individuals suffering from this syndrome (impostors), (b) common a median split procedure classify subjects, and (c) fact that subjects many studies were drawn impostor-prone samples. In study, we compared scores independently identified impostors nonimpostors on two instruments designed measure IP: Harvey's I-P Scale Clance's IP...

SUMMARY Ten underweight full‐term newborns were compared with 10 full‐weight on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. The examination differentiated two groups clearly reflexes of walking, crawling and passive movements arms legs, rooting sucking. More importantly, it behaviors which are important for caretaker baby: these attractiveness, need stimulation, interactive processes motor processes. infants followed up at a later date during first year. They showed temperamental...

The normal feedback infants receive from their mothers in face-to-face interaction was distorted by having the face but remain facially unresponsive. studied reacted with intense wariness and eventual withdrawal, demonstrating importance of interactional reciprocity ability to regulate emotional displays.

This study provides an expanded view of joint attention and its relation to expressive language development. A total 144 toddlers (40 typically developing, 58 with autism spectrum disorder [ASD], 46 developmental delay [DD]) participated at 24 31 months. Toddlers who screened positive for ASD risk, especially those subsequently diagnosed ASD, had poorer skills, engagement during parent–toddler interaction, language. Findings highlight the dynamic between In DD groups, predicted later...

Research with typically developing children suggests a strong positive relation between early gesture use and subsequent vocabulary development. In this study, we ask whether production plays similar role for autism spectrum disorder. We observed 23 18-month-old 30-month-old disorder interact their caregivers (Communication Play Protocol) coded types of gestures produced ( deictic, give, conventional, iconic) in two communicative contexts (commenting requesting). One year later, assessed...

Typically developing (TD) children refer to objects uniquely in gesture (e.g., point at a cat) before they produce verbal labels for these ("cat"). The onset of such gestures predicts the similar spoken words, showing strong positive relation between early and words. We asked whether plays same door-opening role word learning with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Down syndrome (DS), who show delayed vocabulary development differ strength production. To answer this question, we observed 23...

The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) is a brief parental screening instrument used to identify children With autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Screening validity for the SCQ has been supported in 4 years of age and older, but ongoing studies indicate that may not be effective identifying very young ASD. purpose current investigation Was determine Whether could distinguish ASD from other developmental delays sample referred early intervention. Results found recommended cutoff score 15...