Road roughness is a broad term that incorporates everything from potholes and cracks to the random deviations exist in profile. To build index, road irregularities need be measured first. Existing methods of gauging are based either on visual inspections or using one limited number instrumented vehicles can take physical measurements irregularities. This paper proposes collection data accelerometers fixed specific vehicle type use this estimate condition. Although approximate, being...

Previous research (J. E. Albrecht & J. O'Brien, 1993) demonstrated that readers were aware of an inconsistency between earlier described characteristic a protagonist and subsequent target action carried out by the protagonist. In series 5 experiments, qualification was added to restricted conditions under which operative. According here-and-now view mapping, should use this maintain fully updated model in active memory not experience comprehension difficulty when reading action. contrast,...

Bridge structures are continuously subject to degradation due the environment, ageing and excess loading. Periodic monitoring of bridges is therefore a key part any maintenance strategy as it can give early warning if bridge becomes unsafe. This article investigates an alternative method for dynamic behaviour: truck–trailer vehicle system, with accelerometers fitted axles trailer. The aims detect changes in damping bridge, which may indicate existence damage. A simplified vehicle–bridge...

Current vision-based displacement measurement methods have limitations such as being in need of manual targets and parameter adjustment, significant user involvement to reach the desired result. This study proposes a novel structural method using deep learning-based full field optical flow methods. The performance proposed is verified via laboratory experiment conducted on grandstand structure with comparative study, where same data samples are analysed commonly used method, sensor ground...

The accurate estimation of site-specific lifetime extreme traffic load effects is an important element in the cost-effective assessment bridges. A common approach to use statistical distributions derived from weigh-in-motion measurements as basis for Monte Carlo simulation loading. However, results are highly sensitive assumptions made, not just with regard vehicle weights but also axle configurations and gaps between vehicles. This paper presents a comprehensive model bridge loading...

Bridge weigh-in-motion (WIM) uses existing bridges to find the weights of vehicles that pass overhead. Contactless bridge (cBWIM) weigh without need for any sensors be attached bridge. A camera is mounted on back a telescope, which magnifies image extent submillimeter deflections can measured accurately. second used monitor traffic and determine axle spacings. The two cameras are synchronized using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) activated by an interval timer. exact position test vehicle...

This paper presents a novel algorithm for bridge damage detection based on the mode shapes estimated from passing vehicle. The response at moving coordinate is measured an instrumented vehicle with laser vibrometers and accelerometers. A modified version of Short Time Frequency Domain Decomposition method applied to responses. shape high resolution, which appropriate detection. index squares used detect presence location damage. numerical case study half-car model over described in this...

This study gathers all necessary information to construct a model calculate the coupled dynamic response of train–track–bridge systems. Each component is presented in detail together with review possible sources for parameter values, including collection vehicle models, variety track configurations and general railway bridge properties. Descriptions most important irregularity representations are also included. The implemented MATLAB validated against commercially available finite element...

The natural frequencies of coupled vehicle-bridge systems change with vehicle position. These changes are generally attributed to the contribution additional mass vehicle. However, other mechanical properties influence evolution system frequencies, an aspect that has rarely been addressed. aim this paper is further explore how vary during a passage and empirically show frequency shift depends also on vehicle-to-bridge ratio. responses scaled model traversing bridge measured analysed. signals...

Bridge modal parameters play an important role in bridge engineering; they can serve as useful indices for many applications, such numerical mode calibration and updating, structural health monitoring (SHM). Recently, the indirect of bridges has been increasingly investigated developed because it avoids need instrumentation on all a network. The natural frequencies have extracted from dynamic response vehicle numerically laboratory experiments. This study proposes algorithm to extract shapes...

The response of a bridge to pre-weighed truck can be measured on site. This paper describes mathematical method for converting the load effect into an influence line that effect. One ordinate is calculated each scan data acquisition system. vector ordinates found by solving large set simultaneous equations expressed in matrix form. general form matrices described, and particular three-axle are given. technique demonstrated using strain two bridges trucks with different numbers axles.

Pavementsandbridgesaresubjecttoacontinuousdegradation due to traffic aggressiveness, ageing and environmental factors. A rational transport policy requires the monitoring of this infrastructure in order provide adequate maintenance guarantee required levels service safety. This paper investigates use an instrumented vehicle fitted with accelerometers on its axles monitor dynamics bridges. simplified quarter car-bridge interaction model is used theoretical simulations natural frequency bridge...

Design and assessment of highway bridges requires accurate prediction the extreme load effects expected during proposed or remaining life structure. Traditionally these are calculated using conservative codified deterministic loading models. While this conservatism is relatively insignificant in design, it may be critical assessment. Advances weigh-in-motion (WIM) technology, i.e., process weighing trucks travelling at full speeds, have increased availability unbiased site-specific traffic...

Many writers, using both experimental tests and complex numerical models, have examined the effect of vehicle velocity on a highway bridge’s dynamic amplification. Although these models give valuable quantitative information amplification, they little insight into how amplification is affected by individual vehicle/bridge parameters. This paper uses relatively simple to investigate A single crossing simply supported bridge modeled as constant point force. set critical velocities are...

This paper presents a novel method to carry out monitoring of transport infrastructure such as pavements and bridges through the analysis vehicle accelerations. An algorithm is developed for identification dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction forces using response. Moving force theory applied model in order identify these between road and/or bridge. A coupled half-car used theoretical simulations test effectiveness approach identifying forces. The potential global bending stiffness bridge...

The concept of using sensors on a passing vehicle, rather than the bridge, is known as 'Drive-by' damage detection. newly developed traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) device used for pavement deflection measurements and investigated here in numerical simulations means bridge A TSD vehicle model containing two displacement simulated crossing simply supported finite element beam loss stiffness one elements. An adapted Cross Entropy optimisation algorithm procedure proposed to determine apparent...