SUMMARY Delineating site-specific management zones within fields can be helpful in addressing spatial variability effects for adopting precision farming practices. A 3-year (2008/09 to 2010/11) field study was conducted at the Postgraduate Agricultural Research Station, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, identify most important soil and landscape attributes influencing wheat grain yield, which used delineating zones. total 48 samples were collected from top 300 mm 8-ha...

The present study provides performance evaluation of two kinds crosslinked hydrophilic organic polymer sorbents (PS-I and PS-II) for desiccant air-conditioning applications. In this regard, optimum temperature humidity zones are established various applications which include (i) humans’ thermal comfort, (ii) animals’ (iii) postharvest storage fruits/vegetables. Honeycomb-like blocks composed PS-I/PS-II assumed numerical simulation analysis. model is programmed into MATLAB utilizes the...

Abstract Considering the increase in water contamination by heavy metal discharge, quality experts are focusing on innovative future technologies for wastewater treatment. There a number of physical, chemical and biological processes acquiring high‐quality effluents; however, these treatment have shown some limitations regarding their specific pollutant removal efficiencies, vulnerability to environmental pollutants, higher cost energy requirements, excessive sludge volume toxicity issues....

Background and Objectives: Septic arthritis (SA) is an orthopedic emergency mainly caused by bacteria. SA due to Esche- richia coli (E. coli) rare with a poor prognosis. This study aimed assess the occurrence antibiotic resistance patterns of E. in patients Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Materials Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted from March 2021 December 2023. 220 samples were collected tertiary care hospitals. Joint aspirates (2ml) blood (5ml) analyzed for microbial hematological...

Water pollution has become a major environmental concern for public and health in developing countries.Water resources are being contaminated mainly due to mixing of domestic, municipal, industrial wastewaters.The wastewater management treatment situation is deplorable because financial constraints, the unavailability technically trained human resources, electricity shortages.Moreover, there challenge scientific community experts explore cost-effective, simple, reliable, efficient...

Detailed knowledge about soil characteristics and site-specific final steady infiltration rate could help to increase the irrigation water use efficiency decrease losses in agricultural system. The experiments were conducted on Agricultural Research Farm of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan during 2016. cumulative depth was measured using double ring infiltrometer at selected six points study area. Most commonly used models such as Kostikov's, Philip's Horton's fitted field...

In this study, experimental apparatus of desiccant dehumidification was developed at lab-scale, using silica gel as a material. Experimental data were obtained various ambient air conditions, while focusing the climatic conditions Multan (Pakistan). A steady-state analysis approach for process used, and thereby slope line on psychrometric chart (ϕ*) determined. It has been found that ϕ* = 0.22 in case which is lower than hydrophilic polymeric sorbent, i.e., 0.31. The study proposed two kinds...

Pulp and paper mill effluents (PPMEs) are believed to contain some naturally occurring endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as phytosterols or plant sterols, which may be related a variety of physiological morphological abnormalities in fish inhabiting receiving waters. Analyses effluent streams from two Canadian pulp mills confirmed the presence five different PPMEs. Sterol contents biologically treated well untreated presented. ββ-Sitosterol, ββ-sitostanol (or stigmastanol),...

Batch anaerobic digestion tests of primary sludge and waste activated were conducted for a duration 123 days to determine the ultimate degradability sludges. For sludges inert fraction particulate COD that was predicted by wastewater models could be employed predict their biodegradability under conditions. The degradation adequately characterized first 60 using model assumed equivalent components aerobic However after it appeared decay endogenous products occurring. This described with order...

Detailed knowledge about site-specific aquifer characteristics, subsurface lithology, and groundwater potential can help to determine the depth location of fresh quality.The present research study was carried out by conducting 80 vertical electrical sounding surveys (VESs) in Rahim Yar Khan District (RYK), Punjab, Pakistan distinguish from saline evaluate protective capacity (APC) overburden.1XID software (Interpex, USA) used accomplish interpretation VES data.The interpreted data prepare...

Abstract Fast decline of groundwater levels in Pakistan requires the use artificial recharging techniques to minimize adverse effect over pumping. A study was conducted Toba Tek Singh district, Punjab, Pakistan, investigate aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) technology recharge groundwater. The facility developed by drilling a pumping/injection well constructing water tank along with developing mechanism. Three treatments 51, 71, 99 m3 treated canal were injected into under gravity retained...

Abstract Access to clean and safe drinking water is a significant challenge for individuals residing in suburban remote regions of Pakistan. This study aimed design, fabricate, test multi-effect solar still with four U-shaped condensing stages as low-cost solution this problem. The was evaluated its efficacy removing common pollutants found contaminated sources. results revealed an impressive 99% eliminating various pollutants, including conductivity, total hardness, pH, fluoride, nitrate...

Tehsil Babuzai, District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, has experienced a fast population increase, substantially influencing land use and cover (LULC), raising ecological environmental issues. This study examines changes in LULC between 2001 2020 using US Geological Survey (USGS) satellite images. The paper analyses six primary classes: farmland, built-up area, woodland, water bodies, rangeland, barren Land maximum likelihood supervised classification. findings show significant rise...

The production of biodiesel fuel for diesel engines from waste oil resources resolves a triple-faceted problem: environmental, economic and management.This study aimed to extract fish waste, convert the extracted into through base catalyzed transesterification reduce disposal-related environmental problems.Various blends (CBFM10, CBFM20, CBFM30, CBFM40 CBFM50) were prepared 1:1 mixture canola (WCOB) transesterified (TFWO) with different proportions mineral diesel.The was named as composite...

In this paper, a sampling scheme named 'mixture ranked set sampling' (MIRSS) for estimation of the population mean and median is suggested. The MIRSS applicable when ordinary RSS cannot be fully conducted in all cycles experiment. We show that underlying distribution symmetric, provides unbiased estimator mean. Moreover, variances derived. A simulation study to evaluate performance estimators under suggested both perfect imperfect ranking. Our results showed proposed more efficient than...