A5004285899- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Flame retardant materials and properties
- Synthesis and properties of polymers
- Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
- Metal complexes synthesis and properties
- Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Organophosphorus compounds synthesis
- Crystallography and molecular interactions
- Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds
- Organic Chemistry Synthesis Methods
- Synthesis and Reactivity of Sulfur-Containing Compounds
- biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Chemical Synthesis and Reactions
- Synthesis of Organic Compounds
- Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
- Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
- Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
- Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Ferrocene Chemistry and Applications
Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability
2013-2024
Fraunhofer Society
2014-2015
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
2004-2014
Adolphe Merkle Institute
2012
University of Fribourg
2012
Institut für das Bauen mit Kunststoffen
2012
FIZ Karlsruhe – Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure
2006-2009
Henkel (Germany)
2008
University of Bayreuth
2008
John Deere (Germany)
2008
Condensed-phase mechanisms play a major role in fire-retardant polymers. Generations of development have followed the concept charring to improve fire properties. Whereas principal reactions are believed be known, specific description for multicomponent systems is lacking, as picture across different systems. A two-step approach proposed general, and also presented greater detail. The second step covers controlling charring, whereas actual reactants provided preceding step. This model...
Abstract The pyrolysis of an epoxy resin and the fire behavior corresponding carbon fiber‐reinforced composites, both flame‐retarded with either 10‐ethyl‐9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene 10‐oxide or 1,3,5‐tris[2‐(9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene 10‐oxide‐10‐)ethyl]1, 3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)‐trione, are investigated. different retardancy mechanisms discussed, their influence on properties assessed, in particular for flammability (limiting oxygen index, UL 94) developing...
Abstract The pyrolysis and fire behavior of halogen‐free flame‐retarded DGEBA/DMC, RTM6 their corresponding 60 vol.‐% carbon fibers (CF) composites were investigated. A novel phosphorous compound (DOPI) was used. Its action is dependent on the epoxy matrix. DGEBA/DMC DOPI decompose independently each other. Only flame inhibition occurs in gas phase. shows a condensed phase interaction increasing charring. Both mechanisms decrease with irradiance, whereas RTM6‐CF charring suppressed at low...
Abstract Two phosphorus‐containing heterocyclic flame retardants ‐9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and 2,8‐dimethyl‐phenoxaphosphin‐10‐oxide (DPPO) ‐ their derivatives were characterized incorporated in the backbone of epoxy novolac to obtain flame‐retardant resins. The structures spectroscopic data including high‐resolution mass spectroscopy these determined. Flame‐retardant resins with a phosphorus content up 2% based on DOPO DPPO cured 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane...
Abstract 10‐Ethyl‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide ( 1 ) can be nitrated using acetic anhydride and fuming nitric acid. The nitro group is reduced palladium on charcoal hydrogen. These reaction conditions are used for the synthesis of an analogous DOPO‐based diaminic hardener 7 ). An evaluation curing behavior, mechanical properties flammability a neat resin made DGEBA (DGEBA + carbon fiber‐reinforced DGEBA, 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfon (DDS) DDS shows potential this to lead...
This report presents the synthesis and use of novel derivatives 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO, 1 ) 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphorinan‐2‐one (DDPO, 2 as flame retardant additives for epoxy resins. DOPO‐based DDPO‐based compounds were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution with 1,3,5‐tris‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THIC, 3 subsequent oxidation (Schemes 2). Another trivalent DOPO derivative recently reported by our group was obtained transamination followed a...
Abstract Novel derivatives of 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) were obtained by a simple synthetic route and incorporated in epoxy resins, consisting novolac (DEN 438), dicyandiamide (DICY), fenuron. The thermal fire‐retardant properties DICY‐cured DEN 438 samples containing the novel DOPO‐based additives investigated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UL 94 test. results compared to those specimens commercially available...
We report the successful utilization of monometallic, ionic iron(II)– and iron(III)–N2O2–ligand-systems as highly active homogeneous catalysts for conversion CO2 with different epoxides to cyclic carbonates. The catalytic tests were performed using propylene oxide (PO) a range nine substituted epoxides. Terminal monosubstituted oxides react quantitatively.
Abstract For the alternating copolymerization of CO 2 and cyclohexene oxide, a variety zinc acetate complexes with new aminoimidoacrylate ligands has been synthesized tested as catalysts. All catalyzed reaction structure‐activity investigations revealed that highest activities selectivities were reached when ligand’s aromatic rings 2,6‐substituted by alkyl groups different size (isopropyl versus methyl) ligand backbone embodied an electron‐withdrawing cyano group. Furthermore, these...
After complexation with copper(II) ions, Schiff bases 1a−d may undergo an oxidative ring closure using atmospheric oxygen to give a number of imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines 2, imidazo[1,5-a]imidazole 3, and imidazo[5,1-a]isochinoline 4. This ligand oxidation can be performed catalytic amounts copper ions in the reaction. A cycle for copper-catalyzed heterocyclization will presented together isolated complexes 1a,b intermediates 5 8 that were found by X-ray structure analyses which confirm this...