With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, fish represents serious challenge for future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More

Larvae of 9 species swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae), 10 bombycoid moths (Saturniidae and Bombycidae), the southern armyworm (Noctuidae: Spodoptera eridania) were reared under standardized conditions on mature leaves many their typical food plants. Growth rates, feeding rates efficiencies nitrogen utilization larvae in penultimate final instars measured by standard techniques. The study revealed a clear relationship between larval growth form plants quantified as leaf water content....

Papilio canadensis encounters shorter, cooler summers in interior Alaska than northern Michigan: average thermal sums are 583 vs. 985 Celsius degree—days (10°C base); mean daily temperature is 14.4 18.8°. The physiology of P. could be evolutionarily conserved, or the species may a composite regionally adapted populations. We evaluated these hypotheses by comparing developmental from and Michigan across range temperatures laboratory field. Higher generally resulted more rapid larval...

Subspecies of the eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly exhibit striking differences in their ability to use quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) and other members Salicaceae as larval host plants. Papilio glaucus canadensis survives grows well on aspen, whereas does not. In earlier studies we isolated a crude fraction compounds that exhibited activity against P. g. identified components suite four phenolic glycosides (salicin, salicortin, tremuloidin, tremulacin). This study was designed...

Hybrid speciation, or the formation of a daughter species due to interbreeding between two parental species, is potentially important means diversification, because it generates new forms from existing variation. However, factors responsible for origin and maintenance hybrid are largely unknown. Here we show that North American butterfly Papilio appalachiensis with genomic admixture glaucus canadensis. has mosaic phenotype, which hypothesized be result combining sex-linked traits P. We...

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Significance The biological consequences of climate change are determined by the responses individual species and interactions among species. Hybridization, or interbreeding between related species, is an interaction that affects how evolve in response to environmental change. Here we provide evidence climatic warming has caused a geographic shift butterfly hybrid zone strong selection and/or genetic incompatibilities maintain boundaries during this movement. Through simulations, show as...

A thorough knowledge of the nutritional ecology insects is a prerequisite to understanding their biology, behavior, and impact in natural ecosystems agro-ecosystems (Scriber Siansky 1981). We have compiled this bibliography research dealing with quantitative measurement food consumption utilization for growth by immature arthropods (primarily insects), using Biological Abstracts, Entomology Current Contents, reference lists papers which we collected over last 10 years. In addition, present...

Abstract The ecology and evolutionary biology of insect–plant associations has realized extensive attention, especially during the past 60 years. classifications (categorical designations) continuous variation in biodiversity, ranging from global patterns (e.g., latitudinal gradients species richness/diversity degree herbivore feeding specialization) to localized that span biospectrum polyphenisms, polymorphisms, biotypes, demes, host races, cryptic species, remain academically contentious....

The eastern swallowtail butterfly, Papilio glaucus , is often classified as a polyphagous species but growth of individuals hindered rather than aided by feeding on sequence plants in no‐choice situations. spicebush swallowtail, troilus close relative P. glaucus. has restricted its primarily to the Lauraceae and efficiency larvae utilizing foodplants this family 2 × — 3 that generalized larvae. Again, however, acceptable foods reduces favors larval rate. RÉSUMÉ LES EFFETS DU CHANGEMENT...

Hybrid zones are a valuable tool for studying the process of speciation and identifying genomic regions undergoing divergence ecological (extrinsic) nonecological (intrinsic) factors involved. Here, we explored geographic landscape in hybrid zone between Papilio glaucus canadensis. Using genome scan 28,417 ddRAD SNPs, identified under possible selection examined their distribution context previously candidate genes adaptations. We showed that differentiation was genomewide, including...

Abstract Co‐adaptations, co‐evolution, and co‐speciation between herbivores their host plants have been topics of interest for several decades. Difficulties in deciphering these relationships as well physiological, biochemical, ecological adaptations herbivorous insects themselves are discussed here relation to biotic abiotic environmental factors that create temporal spatial mosaics genetic variation. Hybridization was shown swallowtail butterflies ( Papilio ) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)...

Journal Article Sex-Linked Diapause, Color, and Allozyme Loci in Papilio glaucus: Linkage Analysis Significance a Hybrid Zone Get access R. H. Hagen, Hagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Scriber of Heredity, Volume 80, Issue 3, May 1989, Pages 179–185, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a110832 Published: 01 1989

Few differences were observed in biomass digestibility (AD) as related to previous instar feeding experience of the polyphagous southern armyworm, Spodoptera eridania , on leaves paper birch, Betula papyrifera; mountain ash, Sorbus americana; and black cherry, Prunus serotina . However, significant improvements nitrogen utilization efficiencies (NUE's) with for larvae fed birch ash. For assimilation efficiency all treatments greater than however, final growth rates lowest. In addition, pupae...