Detecting image anomalies automatically in industrial scenarios can improve economic efficiency, but the scarcity of anomalous samples increases challenge task. Recently, autoencoder has been widely used anomaly detection without using images during training. However, it is hard to determine proper dimensionality latent space, and often leads unwanted reconstructions parts. To solve this problem, we propose a novel method based on autoencoder. In method, space estimated discrete probability...

It was recently revealed by Cabello in a theoretical Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 070401 (2021)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.127.070401] that nonlocality and contextuality, as two intuitively distinctive yet both critical quantum resources, can be surprisingly connected through Bell inequalities associated with state-independent contextuality sets. provides general unified method capable of converting into bipartite nonlocality. However, experimental tests the are challenging noise...

According to Bell's theorem, any model based on local variables cannot reproduce certain quantum correlations. A critical question is whether one could devise an alternative framework, nonlocal variables, correlations while adhering fundamental principles. Leggett proposed a model, termed crypto-nonlocality, rooted in considerations of the reality photon polarization, but this property restricted it being bi-dimensional. In Letter, we extend crypto-nonlocal higher dimensions and develop...

The completeness of quantum mechanics in predictive power is a central question its foundational study. While most investigations focus on two-dimensional systems, high-dimensional systems are more general and widely applicable. Building the non-extensibility theorem by Colbeck Renner [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 050403 (2008)], which established that no higher theory can enhance for we extend this result to arbitrarily dimensional systems. We connect maximum potential achievable any alternative...

Abstract The concept of quantum nonlocality, lying at the heart information science and technologies, is physically counter‐intuitive mathematically elusive. Here, a hyper‐entanglement‐assisted ghost imaging system designed to visualize evidence Hardy's paradox by capturing purely nonlocal photonic events with spatially resolved intensified charge‐coupled device (ICCD) camera. In two‐photon polarization‐spatial‐mode hyper‐entangled state, spatial entanglement conveys images while...

The Bell basis, a set of maximally entangled biphoton states, is critical prerequisite towards quantum information processing, and many applications have highlighted the requirement for manipulation high-dimensional basis. While states can be created by using ingenious single-photon gates, their implementation complexity in higher dimensions significantly increased. Here we present an elaborate approach to show that adaptive pump modulation enables efficient preparation basis...

Characterizing high-dimensional entangled states is of crucial importance in quantum information science and technology. Recent theoretical progress has been made to extend Hardy's paradox into a general scenario with multisetting multidimensional systems, which enables the maximum probability nonlocal events surpass bound that was limited original test. Hitherto, no experimental verification conducted verify paradox, as most previous efforts were restricted two-dimensional systems. Here,...

The entanglement of optical angular position and orbital momentum has become one the important degrees freedom for quantum information science. Quantum control two conjugate variables may provide a gate to production entanglement. Here, we theoretically experimentally show that by controlling transverse spatial coherence pump beam, can modulate strength correlations between in down-converted photon pairs. By determining relation Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen with pump, boundary be determined....

Abstract Quantum‐correlation‐based ghost imaging, also termed quantum has found applications as diverse the fundamental tests of mechanics and low‐light‐level imaging. In any previous schemes, however, only biphoton spatial entanglement is utilized, whereas other degrees freedom photons have not yet been explored. Here we break this barrier to present a multichannel parallel imaging system, by exploiting hyperentanglement where photon pairs are simultaneously entangled in polarization,...

There are two powerful arguments against the possibility of extending quantum mechanics, violation Bell inequalities and Kochen-Specker theorem, but connection between remains confused. Following distinctive strategy proposed by Cabello [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 070401 (2021)], can be violated state-independent contextuality sets. However, experimental realization such ideas is challenging as it requires high-dimensional entanglement. Orbital angular momentum provides an unlimited state space...

The symmetric orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement in the subspace of { ± ℓ} has been extensively exploited quantum information science. Here we investigate instead Bell inequalities for two-dimensional spanned by asymmetric OAM modes ℓ 1 and 2 , usually corresponding to property nonmaximal entanglement. We demonstrate, both theoretically experimentally, optimal violation a suitable Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality modes, thus manifesting states space.

High-dimensional entangled states are of crucial importance, as they provide higher channels for quantum information. Angular position, a continuous variable, provides an infinite Hilbert space theoretically. It is usually represented in discrete bases experimentally because the convenient modulation width angular aperture. Thus combination apertures will conveniently shape two photon states. And entanglement can be naturally demonstrated by Hardy's paradox. Here, testing paradox two-setting...

The Bell basis, a set of maximally entangled biphoton state, is critical prerequisite towards quantum information processing, and many applications have highlighted the requirement for manipulation high-dimensional basis. While states can be created by using ingenious single-photon gates, its implementation complexity in higher dimensions significantly increased. Here we present an elaborate approach to show that adaptive pump modulation enable efficient preparation basis...

The concept of quantum entanglement and hyper-entanglement, lying at the heart information science technologies, is physically counter-intuitive mathematically elusive. We design a polarization-encoded ghost imaging system based on frame Hardy nonlocality paradox to visualize evidence hyper-entanglement by capturing purely nonlocal photonic events. In two-photon polarization-spatial-mode hyper-entangled state, spatial con-veys images while polarization encodes channels. Then whether single...