The activity and selectivity of structure-sensitive reactions are strongly correlated with the shape size nanocrystals present in a catalyst. This correlation can be exploited for rational catalyst design, especially if each type surface atom displays different behavior, to attain highest selectivity. In this work, uniform Pd cubic (in two sizes), octahedral, cuboctahedral shapes were synthesized through solution-phase method poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) serving as stabilizer then tested...

This review provides an overview of the recent achievements in catalytic process development for alkyne hydrogenations. It underlines necessity simultaneous optimization over different length scales from molecular/nanoscale active phase, up-to macro-scale reactor design. One case study, hydrogenation 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, is analyzed detail to illustrate practical application this approach. Finally, it presents personal view authors concerning new trends and paths available field.

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-stabilized Pd nanocubes were synthesized, deposited on a carbon-based support, and subsequently treated with UV–ozone (UVO) in order to eliminate the traces of PVP still present surface. Cubes, being thermodynamically unfavorable shape, are very prone restructuring minimize interfacial free energy thus allow assessment their morphological stability during UVO cleaning. The process removal was monitored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffraction (XRD)...

The manufacture of chemicals in microstructured reactors (MSR) has become recently a new branch chemical reaction engineering focusing on process intensification and safety. MSR have an equivalent hydraulic diameter up to few hundreds micrometers and, therefore, provide high mass- heat-transfer efficiency increasing the reactor performance drastically, compared conventional one. This article provides comprehensive overview state art applied for multiphase reactions. reactions are classified...

The performance of microstructured reactors (or microchannels) for mass-transfer-controlled liquid–liquid reactions depends on flow regimes that define the specific interfacial area mass transfer. In present work, experiments were carried out to investigate two phase-flow and transfer at relatively high throughput a single microchannel (of 1–18 mL/min) in five generic designs (with without structured internal surfaces), using nonreacting water–acetone–toluene system. When results analyzed...

Recent advances in the liquid‐phase synthesis of metal nanostructures different sizes and shapes are reviewed regarding their catalytic properties. The controlled is based on colloid chemistry techniques solution, which use organic nanoreactors a variety stabilizers. Their activity selectivity depend particle's shape size, as shown for Suzuki Heck coupling, hydrogenations, hydrogenolysis, oxidations, electron‐transfer reactions. knowledge reaction's structure‐sensitivity relationship...

The gas phase (1 atm, 453 K) hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) over a series laboratory-synthesized and commercial Pd (1–10% wt) supported on activated carbon (AC) non-reducible (SiO2 Al2O3) reducible (ZnO) oxides has been examined. Reaction these catalysts generated the target p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) (via selective hydrogenation) nitrobenzene (NB)/aniline (AN) as result combined hydrodechlorination/hydrogenation. A range nanoparticles with mean sizes 2.4–12.6 nm (from HRTEM...

Monodispersed Pd nanoparticles of 5 and 10 nm were obtained via reduction Pd(acac)2 dissolved in ionic liquid (IL), [bmim][PF6], or [bmimOH][TF2N], supported on carbon nanofibers (CNF) anchored to sintered metal fibers (SMF). Using the monodispersed synthesized by simple heating absence an additional reducing agent. The phase structured CNF/SMF composites tested for selective hydrogenation acetylene ethylene showed excellent long-term stability. IL cation−anion network surrounding suppressed...

Monodispersed Pd nanoparticles (8, 11, and 13 nm in diameter) as confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy were prepared via the reverse microemulsion method deposited on structured supports consisting of carbon nanofibers (CNF) grown sintered metal fibers (SMF). The CNF/SMF subjected to oxidative treatments introduce O-functional groups CNF surface. These characterized temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. catalysts used study (a)...

The structure sensitivity of a liquid-phase 1-hexyne hydrogenation was studied using monodispersed nonsupported Pd nanoparticles 6, 8, 11, 13, and 14 nm diameter. particles were prepared via reverse microemulsion water/AOT/isooctane. size varied by the water-to-surfactant ratio. A 15-fold TOF increase observed with particle diameter from 11 to nm. For above nm, approached value black catalyst. It that selectivity toward 1-hexene did not vary 96.5% at conversion 85%. byproduct distribution...