Mutual coupling always seriously degrades the antenna performance in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems but this issue has been rarely investigated for antennas with circular polarization. In paper, a planar and compact circularly polarized MIMO patch polarization diversity is presented. Three grounded stubs mirrored F-shaped defected ground structure are used to achieve simultaneous matching isolation between two patches offset feeding The elements closely packed edge-to-edge...

This article presents a novel and simple decoupling method to increase the isolation between two closely spaced patch antennas sharing common thick substrate. The can be simply realized by adding pure dielectric block (DB) above coupled array. By means of DB modify space permittivity (propagation constant), space-wave coupling controlled cancel surface-wave for enhancement. Five benchmarks combinations with different positions or orientations are investigated validate concept elaborate on...

In this article, a miniaturized dual-band dual-polarized slot antenna array is proposed for base station applications. It consists of two closely located $1 \times 4$ subarrays the digital cellular system (DCS) and wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) operations. The band-notched (BNSA) designed adopted as subarray element with radiation-suppression characteristic at notch frequencies. frequency one center operating other subarray. As result, radiation from DCS could be effectively...

In this communication, a novel dipole configuration with reactive loadings is proposed for the design of low-profile dual-band dual-polarized stacked antenna arrays. For lower band (LB1, 3.3-3.6 GHz) dipole, its inductive are implemented at end each arm to suppress basic resonant mode rejection higher frequencies. (HB2, 4.8-5.0 LC beginning arm, where inductor and capacitor, respectively, increase Q-factor improving out-of-band balance impedance matching. Hence, LB1 HB2 dipoles can be...

This article presents a novel dual-band decoupling network (DN) to increase the isolation between two antennas. It is composed of Wilkinson power dividers, four additional transmission lines (TLs), and reactive components. The formulas are derived from systematic design procedures. Hence, parameters divider, lengths TLs, reactances components can be precisely determined realize high port isolation. Two benchmarks two-element symmetric asymmetric monopole arrays used elaborate procedure...

As a part of measure to make electricity accessible every Pakistani, overcome the problem overbilling, meter tempering and ensure cost effective operation, we have introduced Prepaid Electricity System. The user receives message on their mobile phones about units they purchased via GSM technology. Mikro C PRO for PIC software is used controller programming Proteus simulation purposes. data was sent through serial ports energy meter. microcontroller detected how much relay switched...

This letter introduces a method for implementing frequency-reconfigurable Fabry–Pérot cavity (FPC) antenna utilizing polarization standing waves (PSWs). The PSW is supported by two metasurfaces (MSs) at ends. resonant condition allows the to have characteristic mechanically rotating top MS around center and relative bottom MS, without adjusting physical dimension. prototyped 60 GHz millimeter-wave applications. Simulated measured results demonstrate that tunable frequency range of 60.8–66.2...

A Fabry–Pérot cavity (FPC) antenna utilizing a new resonance phenomenon based on the polarization standing wave (PSW) is proposed. To produce PSW, two anisotropic metasurfaces acting as handedness preserving mirror are designed ends of cavity. Such possesses resonant condition, i.e., relative rotation angle and distance between together determine its frequency. Hence, in comparison to conventional FPC antennas, proposed one lower profile height around 0.125 wavelengths. The concept...

The current research work introduces a simple method to realize circularly polarized patch antenna with 9.52% impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth. A modified T slot on the ground offset feeding is used achieve required results. removes need of complex network for circular polarization fed by microstrip line that makes it good candidate be integrated planar circuits. proposed covers 2.3–2.53 GHz band S11 < −10 dB 2.12–2.53 <3 dB. This operated practical 2.4 ISM bands; this frequency...

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In this article, a Single Inductor Multiple Output (SIMO) DC-DC boost converter for driving independent three outputs of dynamic voltage and low power is proposed. Compared with the traditional SIMO converter, proposed work accomplishes (i) control at each output, (ii) small switch count, (iii) relatively better scalability increasing output channel, (iv) fast response time, (v) efficiency. The core aim current article to implement an efficient controller design DC circuit operating in...

The safe and reliable generation transmission of electricity is the desirable factor for utilities which arises need protection equipment such as relays in power systems. According to recent studies, conventional are not able provide required systems, resulting emergence various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques (i) neural network (ANN); (ii) adaptive neuro fuzzy interface system (ANFIS); (iii) logic based protection. This work presents scheme lines using AI distance along with...

In this paper, a low cost planar two-port circularly polarized MIMO patch antenna with the polarization diversity is presented. Three grounded stubs and mirrored F defected ground slot are used to achieve simultaneous matching isolation between two offset feeding for circular polarization. The proposed covering 2.5-2.55 GHz fabricated measured. Its measured performance show that axial ratio whole band. radiation patterns gain also an agreement simulation result has been achieved.

Presents corrections to the paper, Corrections "A Millimeter-Wave Frequency-Reconfigurable Fabry–Pérot Cavity Antenna".

In this paper, a novel self-restrained (SR) decoupling technique (DT) is presented to increase the isolation between two antennas. The "self-restrained" feature means that structure only attached individual antenna itself without demanding any connection other being coupled ones. design parameters of resultant can be precisely derived achieve high isolations. A two-element monopole array employed as benchmark. Results show good matching and are achieved simultaneously.

In this paper, a novel wideband decoupling network (DN) is presented, which consists of two 2-way Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs), three transmission lines, and reactive components. Rigorous design formulas are presented along with systematic procedures. The transmission-line lengths component reactances precisely calculated to achieve high antenna isolation. Measurement results show that very wide isolation bandwidth 23.7% can be achieved after using the proposed DN.

In the past decades, isolation techniques were reported to reduce antenna coupling such as defected ground structure (DGS) [1], electromagnetic band gap (EBG) [2], microstrip stubs [3], etc. But most are for linear polarized antennas. This paper [4] proposes a method increase of circularly antenna. A combination and shorted used isolation.

This paper presents a low-cost, planar two-port circularly polarized MIMO patch antenna with polarization diversity. Three grounded stubs together mirrored F defected ground slot are used to achieve simultaneous matching and isolation between the two patches. The simple offset feeding has been utilized circular polarization. proposed covering 2.5-2.55 GHz is fabricated measured. Its measured performance show that S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...