The central task of GPS/INS integration is to effectively blend GPS and INS data together generate an optimal solution. present fusion algorithms, which are mostly based on Kalman filtering (KF), have several limitations. One those limitations the stringent requirement precise a priori knowledge system models noise properties. Uncertainty in covariance parameters process (Q) observation errors (R) may significantly degrade performance. conventional way determining Q R relies intensive...

The use of magnetic field variations for positioning and navigation has been suggested by several researchers. In most the applications, is used to determine azimuth or heading. However, indoor accurate heading determination difficult due presence anomalies. Here location fingerprinting methodology can take advantage these fact, more significant local anomalies, unique "fingerprint". general, elements in each fingerprint, better positioning. Unfortunately, intensity data only consists three...

The Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technique has achieved astonishing progress over the last few decades generated considerable interest in autonomous driving community. With its conceptual roots navigation mapping, SLAM outperforms some traditional positioning localization techniques since it can support more reliable robust localization, planning, controlling to meet key criteria for driving. In this study authors first give an overview of different implementation approaches...

Location fingerprinting in wireless LAN positioning has received much attention recently. One of the key issues this technique is generating database fingerprints. The conventional method does not utilise spatial correlation measurements sampled at adjacent reference points, and training process an easy task. A new based on kriging presented which can only achieve more accurate estimation, but also greatly reduce workload save time. This make flexible easier to implement.

This Editorial lead article for the Journal of Location Based Services surveys this complex and multi-disciplinary field identifies key research issues. Although has produced early commercial disappointments, inevitability that pervasive location-aware services on mobile devices will emerge means much is needed to inform these developments. The reviews firstly: science technology positioning, geographic information science, cartography, spatial cognition interfaces, ubiquitous computing;...

Wi-Fi positioning has found favour in environments which are traditionally challenging for GPS. The currently used method of fingerprinting assumes that the devices training and locating perform identically. We have undertaken an experiment to determine how different behave empirical controlled test identify challenges limitations systems will face when deployed across many devices. they performed significantly differently respect mean reported signal strength - even those came from same...

Ground subsidence due to underground mining has posed a constant threat the safety of surface infrastructure such as motorways, railways, power lines, and telecommunications cables. Traditional monitoring techniques like using levels, total stations GPS can only measure on point-by-point basis hence are costly time-consuming. Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DINSAR) together with GIS have been studied complementary alternative by exploiting multi-source satellite SAR...

Abstract The implementation of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) technology is expected to significantly improve road safety and traffic efficiency. One the key components ITS precise vehicle positioning. Positioning with decimetre sub-metre accuracy a fundamental capability for self-driving, other automated applications. Global Navigation Satellite (GNSS) Precise Point (PPP) an attractive positioning approach due its relatively low-cost flexibility. However, GNSS PPP vulnerable several...

The major problem of Wi-Fi fingerprint-based positioning technology is the signal strength fingerprint database creation and maintenance. significant temporal variation received (RSS) main factor responsible for error. A probabilistic approach can be used, but RSS distribution required. Gaussian or an empirically-derived (histogram) typically used. However, these distributions are either not always correct require a large amount data each reference point. Double peaks have been observed in...

This article presents 3D surface deformation mapping results derived from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquired over underground coal mines. Both ENVISAT Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) and Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band (PALSAR) were used in this study. The quality of the due to mining is mainly limited by two factors. (1) Differential interferometric (DInSAR) less sensitive displacement along north–south direction case current SAR...

Various types of biases in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data preclude integer ambiguity fixing and degrade solution accuracy when not being corrected during precise point positioning (PPP). In this contribution, these are first reviewed, including satellite receiver hardware biases, differential code phase initial fractional inter-system time system scale offset. PPP models that take account presented for two cases using ionosphere-free observations. The case is primary signals...

Abstract The precise point positioning (PPP)-based real-time-kinematic (RTK) method attracts increasing attention from both academia and industry because of its potential for high accuracy with a shorter convergence time compared to the traditional PPP. Besides accuracy, integrity monitoring (IM) is indispensable safety–critical real-time land vehicle aviation applications. As advanced receiver autonomous (ARAIM) designed (smoothed) pseudorange-based positioning, complexity multi-frequency...