ABSTRACT The occurrence of Oomycetous pathogens and their pathogenicities on chestnut saplings, grown at four nurseries were investigated in this study. Also, the effectiveness foliage applications phosphorous acid (H 3 PO ) Potassium phosphonate (K 4 ), against Phytophthora cinnamomi which is most common root rot pathogen chestnuts Türkiye was evaluated. Forty‐three isolates obtained using selective media, from sixty plant twenty soil samples collected nurseries. identified by molecular...

Abstract Genetic variation among the isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, causal agent chickpea wilt worldwide, was analysed using pathogenicity tests and molecular markers – random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism. Hundred eight were obtained from diseased plants in 13 different provinces Turkey, out which 74 assessed 30 arbitrary decamer primers 20 ISSR primers. Unweighted pair‐grouped method by arithmetic average cluster analysis...

Summary Vegetative compatibility types (vc types) of 296 isolates the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica , were determined. The had been obtained from 32 localities in 11 provinces Black Sea region Turkey. Five vc detected: EU‐1, EU‐12, EU‐14, EU‐2 and EU‐5. number found single varied between one five. All five present only Kastamonu province. Vc type EU‐1 was detected all provinces. accounted for 90.8% isolates. EU‐12 eight 6.8% isolates, whereas or two each EU‐5 Isolates...

Abstract Vegetative compatibility (vc) and mating types genetic diversity of Cryphonectria parasitica isolates were determined using 183 obtained from 215 infected chestnut trees growing in 13 provinces Turkey. Based on the cultural aspects, 143 these evaluated as virulent whereas remaining 40 hypovirulent. When vc classically differentiated, 135 them matched to EU‐1 (82.3%), 29 EU‐12 (17.6%) type, 19 did not match two. molecular vic markers used, all assigned two EU types; 149 (81.4%) 34...

Pathotypes of four isolates Synchytrium endobioticum collected from the infested areas Turkey were determined using Glynne–Lemmerzahl and Spieckermann test methods. Two (Ordu 1 Nevşehir 1) tested by method in Germany. Ordu was assigned as pathotype 1(D1) whereas other isolate gave different results 2 years testing [pathotype 6(O1) or 18(T1)]. (Nevşehir 3) Netherlands. Neither these last two found to belong pathotypes known Western Europe. The 3 given a new, unique code: 38 (Nevşehir).

Abstract Vine decline of kiwifruit was found in an orchard the Rize province Turkey. About half vines showed poor growth, leaf discoloration and dieback symptoms. From necrotic feeder roots diseased vines, a Phytophthora sp . isolated. The causal agent disease identified as citrophthora by morphological characteristics comparing sequences Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. caused bark necroses averaging 4.2 ± 1.4 cm length when inoculated on rooted canes.

Summary Chestnut blight caused by Cryphonectria parasitica is a serious disease of Castanea sativa in the Black Sea region Turkey. During surveys, dieback and decline symptoms were observed on trees without apparent ink symptoms. necroses, similar to those Phytophthora infections, noted some chestnut coppices saplings one nursery Ordu led an investigation into this complex. Only symptomatic plants showing investigated. Soil samples together with fine roots collected from two directions,...

Abstract The effects of various fungicides on mycelial growth and spore germination Ascochyta rabiei were determined by incorporating them into potato dextrose agar measuring colony diameter observing at 20 ± 2°C. Eight prevented the pathogen concentrations 0.125–2 μ g/ml, three hindered 2–4 g/ml seven failed to inhibit even 128 g/ml. reference fungicide for pathogen, chlorothalonil, stopped conidial low rates but did not prevent Thirteen tested against seed infections benomyl + thiram,...

Bacterial stalk and head rot on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was investigated in Konya Province of Turkey 2008. Disease incidence estimated as 30%. Bacteria appeared droplets ooze symptoms were dark water-soaked necrotic areas stems heads. Twenty-four strains isolated from lesions stalks heads cv. TR3080 a 25-ha field identified Pectobacterium atrosepticum (formerly Erwinia caratovora subsp. atroseptica) (2) the basis biochemical, physiological (3), molecular tests (1). gram negative, rod...

Biological control of chestnut blight was investigated by using 3 hypovirulent isolates Cryphonectria parasitica, 5 Trichoderma sp., 4 Penicillium and Bacillus sp. isolates. Hypovirulent antagonistic organisms were obtained from samples collected the Black Sea region Turkey, in 2008 2009. Effectiveness microorganisms tested on 3-year-old saplings. In tests, bark disks 6 mm removed stem bases culture virulent isolate C. parasitica first placed into hole then or fungi. strains applied as...

Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) is a small native tree mostly growing along the coastal areas of Marmara and Black Sea regions Turkey on approximately 1000 hectares. In November 2011, severe blight leaf shedding were observed in Eastern region. Leaves had greyish brown, round diffuse spots, scattered throughout surface (Fig. 1). Thick branches fine roots did not show any symptoms but young side showed dark necrosis as streaks. Disease samples containing leaves, collected from provinces Trabzon...

Summary Severe dieback symptoms were observed in a 490‐ha moist ash ( Fraxinus angustifolia ) lowland forest stand, comprising trees over 100 years old and ha of newly planted F. near Sinop, Turkey. Five the 10 soil samples collected around stem bases diseased baited using leaves yielded Phytophthora sp. This heterothallic species produced non‐caducous, non‐papillate sporangia non‐sterile extract, fluffy, even growth on corn meal potato dextrose agars, suppressed, grated carrot agar....

Abstract Characterization of the Cryphonectria parasitica population was initially done by a phenotypical assessment 40 in vitro grown isolates obtained from 52 healing cankers collected eight important chestnut-growing provinces Turkey. The results Bavendamm test, often correlated indirectly to hypovirulence, suggested 31 possibly hypovirulent and 9 virulent isolates. PCR tests amplified two regions ORFs A B hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) 36 test confirmation more sensitive than test. Partial ORFA...

The pathotypes of Cercospora beticola, causal agent sugar beet leaf spot disease, were identified by application pathogenicity test using 100 isolates obtained from the provinces with intensive cultivation. For identification pathotypes, five cultivars used each different resistance factors. Cultivar reactions determined inoculation under controlled conditions and measuring disease severity on <TEX>$15^{th}$</TEX> day according to 1-9 KWS Scale. Based cultivars, a total 15 detected. All...

Onion (Allium cepa) production is one of the most important agricultural crops in Turkey with bulb harvest 1,904,846 tonnes from an area 616,324 ha. In 2013, about 12% this onion (approximately 153,478 tonnes) was produced Ankara province (TUIK, 1). A majority Polatlı, where crop stored more than 80 climatically uncontrolled stores. Five stores have a capacity 200,000 tonnes. Storage rots caused by fungi are serious problem these and survey five largest conducted at two intervals during...

Abstract Sweet chestnut ( Castanea sativa ) is an important tree species in the Marmara and Aegean regions of Turkey as these two produce great majority edible nuts, especially those used for marron glacé production. Chestnut forests orchards showing severe dieback symptoms not associated with blight were investigated to determine role Phytophthora spp. decline syndrome. Soil samples collected from around 108 symptomatic trees at 29 sites isolated using soil baiting technique selective...

Fire blight disease is one of the most destructive diseases pome fruits. Due to lack effective, non-phytotoxic and publicly acceptable materials for controlling fire in fruit trees, new strategies manage Erwinia amylovora are being sought. The resistance-inducing compounds prohexadione-Ca, harpin protein benzothiadiazole (acibenzolar-S-methyl), fertilizer humic acid, bactericides streptomycin copper salts, combinations with chemicals were evaluated their ability control on quince loquat...

Characterization of angular leaf spot (ALS) disease beans caused by Pseudocercospora griseola (Sacc.)Crous & Braun along with its occurrence was investigated using 118 isolates obtained from grown in greenhouses the western Black Sea region Turkey.Incidences ALS ranged between 77-100% and 82-100% for summer autumn sown bean cultivations while severity ranges 66-82% 74-86% same periods, respectively.All P. yielded 500-560 bp PCR products ITS1 ITS4 primers, 45 200-250 actin genes primer 5...

Crown gall was detected in several vineyards the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. Vineyards were planted to cultivars grape that originated Turkey and not grafted. The predominant species isolated from galls consisted tumorigenic strains Agrobacterium vitis. They identified based on reactions standard biochemical physiological tests, by polymerase chain reaction amplification specific Ti plasmid chromosomal sequences, a species-specific monoclonal antibody. All utilized octopine,...