A5063530302- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Human Rights and Development
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
University of Oxford
2016-2024
Oxford Policy Management
2020-2024
University of Cape Town
2023
University of Birmingham
2014-2018
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2016-2018
Mahosot Hospital
2016
Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit
2016
Public Health England
2016
University of the Sunshine Coast
2016
Queensland Health
2016
Abstract Introduction Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) living with HIV experience poor outcomes high rates of unintended pregnancy. Little is known about which healthcare provisions can optimize their HIV‐related outcomes, particularly among AGYW mothers. Methods Eligible 12‐ to 24‐year‐old from 61 health facilities in a South African district completed survey 2018–2019 (90% recruited). Analysing surveys medical records n = 774 participants, we investigated associations multiple...
Background Illness-related costs for patients with tuberculosis (TB) ≥20% of pre-illness annual household income predict adverse treatment outcomes and have been termed "catastrophic." Social protection initiatives, including cash transfers, are endorsed to help prevent catastrophic costs. With this aim, transfers may either be provided defray TB-related households a confirmed TB diagnosis (termed "TB-specific" approach); or increase high risk strengthen their economic resilience...
Abstract Background Accelerating declines in tuberculosis (TB) incidence is paramount for achieving global goals set 2030 by the Sustainable Development Goals and End TB Strategy. The aim of this study was to identify key country-level social determinants national trends. Methods This longitudinal ecological used data extracted from online databases period 2005–2015. We multivariable Poisson regression models allowing distinct within- between-country effects estimate associations between...
Abstract Background Structural interventions are endorsed to enhance biomedical and behavioural HIV prevention programmes for adolescents. Aiming inform future interventions, we evaluated longitudinal associations between six protective factors that link closely existing structural five sexual risk behaviours transmission in a cohort of adolescents South Africa. Methods We used three rounds data 2014–2018 on 1046 living with 473 age-matched community peers Africa’s Eastern Cape (Observations...
Investing in adolescents Africa holds great promise for the development of continent. The steps involved identifying factors linked to interventions that may accelerate attainment multiple SDGs Nigeria are described. Data from a survey investigate well-being 1800 aged 10-19 years Southwest was analysed. A four-step process employed: 1) Mapping variables deemed as suitable proxies SDG targets; 2) hypothesised protective (accelerators) study instruments. Consequently, targets related...
Background The INSPIRE framework was developed by 10 global agencies as the first package for preventing and responding to violence against children. includes seven complementary strategies. Delivering all strategies is a challenge in resource-limited contexts. Consequently, governments are requesting additional evidence inform which ‘accelerator’ provisions can simultaneously reduce multiple types of Methods findings We pooled data from two prospective South African adolescent cohorts...
Adolescent antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence remains critically low. We lack research testing protective factors across both clinic and care environments. A prospective cohort of adolescents living with HIV (sample n = 969, 55% girls, baseline mean age 13.6) in the Eastern Cape Province South Africa were interviewed at 18-month follow-up (2014-2015, 2015-2016). traced all ever initiated on 52 government health facilities (90% uptake, 93% retention, 1.2% mortality). Clinical records...
Tackling the social determinants of Tuberculosis (TB) through protection is a key element post-2015 End TB Strategy. However, evidence informing policies are still scarce. Mathematical modelling has potential to contribute fill this knowledge gap, but existing models inadequate. The S-PROTECT consortium aimed develop an innovative mathematical approach better understand role improve care, prevention and control. used three-steps approach: 1) development conceptual framework; 2) extraction...
Background: Adolescent girls in Kenya face disproportionately high risk of adverse health and wellbeing outcomes compared to boys. To create a fairer, more prosperous gender equal world there is the need invest adolescent girls. We model economic, social, returns that investments cash transfers, parenting support, services could bring for this group Kenya.Methods: combine data collected from published literature into decision-analytic estimate expected cost scaling-up responsive sexual...
Lesotho's government has shown consistent efforts to implement social protection programmes. However, while recent evidence established a positive causal relationship between some of these programmes and food security there is little on the extent which initiatives are associated with better educational sexual reproductive health outcomes among vulnerable adolescents in Lesotho.
Since the adoption of sustainable development goals (SDGs) by United Nations (UN), search has been on to identify interventions that have effects multiple SDG-targets simultaneously. Like other developing countries, Ghana a youthful population and would require creative, urgent, youth-focused be able attain SDGs 2030. This paper describes application accelerator model data from sample Ghanaian adolescents potential accelerators towards selected SDG targets involving youth. The for 944...
Adolescents exposed to high levels of adversity are vulnerable developing mental health challenges, with long-lasting adverse consequences. Promoting the psychological well-being adolescents and protecting them from experiences is crucial for their quality life. There a need evidence on which combinations protective factors can improve wellbeing inform future programming efforts. We used data longitudinal study that took place in Khayelitsha, South Africa, semi-urban impoverished community...
Recent evidence has shown support for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) accelerator concept, which highlights need to identify interventions or programmatic areas that can affect multiple sustainable development goals (SDGs) at once boost their achievement. These data have also clearly enhanced effects when are used in combination, above and beyond effect of single interventions. However, detailed knowledge is now required on optimum combinations relative gain order derive...
Abstract Objective To explore amateur endurance athletes’ use and views about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methods An online cross-sectional survey of athletes at four athletic clubs. Key findings Of a sample 129 athletes, 68% (n = 88) reported using NSAIDs in the previous 12 months (84.4% triathletes, 70.9% runners 52.5% cyclists). Overall, ibuprofen was most popular drug 48). There lack knowledge adverse reactions, with only 26% advised by doctor or pharmacist....
This study aimed to identify possible entry points for interventions that can act as development accelerators children and adolescents in South Africa Malawi.This was a secondary data analysis. Data were sourced from the Child Community Care longitudinal which tracked child well-being outcomes among 989 (4-13 years) their caregivers affected by HIV enrolled community-based organizations Malawi. We examined associations between five hypothesized accelerating services/household...
Orientia tsutsugamushi, which requires specialized facilities for culture, is a substantial cause of disease in Asia. We demonstrate that O. tsutsugamushi numbers increased up to 5 days conventional hemocultures. Performing such culture step before molecular testing could increase the sensitivity diagnosis.
Leptospirosis is an important zoonosis worldwide, with infections occurring after exposure to contaminated water. Despite being a global problem, laboratory diagnosis remains difficult culture results taking up 3 months, serology retrospective by nature, and polymerase chain reaction showing limited sensitivity. Leptospira have been shown survive multiply in blood media, we hypothesized that extracting DNA from incubated fluid (BCF), followed quantitative real-time (qPCR) could improve the...
PurposeEthiopia has registered remarkable achievements in reaching global development goals, including reducing child marriage. Policymakers are keen to understand which investments have contributed this. We evaluated the association between Ethiopia's Health Extension Program (HEP) and 12 adolescent health wellbeing outcomes.MethodsWe used Young Lives Ethiopia cohort data 2002 2013. associations household support from HEP at age 15 outcomes spread across health, gender-based violence,...
Abstract Introduction Adolescent girls and young women, including adolescent mothers, in Southern Africa have high HIV seroconversion transmission. We need to know which risks drive infections, what can reduce these risks. Methods interviewed 1712 women (11–23 years), 1024 mothers who had conceived before age 20 a living child, from two health municipalities of South Africa's Eastern Cape Province between March 2018 July 2019. Recruitment was through multiple community, school facility...