Determining the behavior of domestic water consumers can facilitate a more proactive approach to demand management, and serves as foundation for development any intervention strategies that seek bring about sustained substantial reductions in consumption. As part European Union (EU) funded project Integrated Support System Efficient Water Usage Resources Management (ISS-EWATUS), household consumption survey was administered address question how used within home EU. The distributed by...

In recent years, oil spill accidents have become increasingly frequent due to the development of marine transportation and massive exploitation. At present, satellite remote sensing is principal method used monitor spills. Extracting locations extent spots accurately in images reaps significant benefits terms risk assessment clean-up work. Nowadays edge detection combined with threshold segmentation (EDCTS) extract information becoming popular. However, current has some limitations...

Little is known about the distribution and ecological functions of abundant, intermediate, rare biospheres their correlations with environmental factors in hot springs. Here, we explored microbial community composition total, 66 Tibetan springs (pairwise geographic distance 0-610 km, temperature 32-86°C, pH 3.0-9.5, salinity 0.13-1.32 g/L) use Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that abundant sub-communities were mainly composed Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria,...

Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, poses significant challenges due to its rapid metastases and high mortality rates. While metformin (Met), first-line medication for type 2 diabetes, has shown promise in inhibiting tumor growth metastases, clinical efficacy cancer therapy is limited by low bioavailability, short half-life, gastrointestinal adverse reactions associated with oral administration. In this study, we developed hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanocomposite...

Results of microwave radar Doppler spectra from 1-D nonlinear ocean surface at moderate- and low-grazing angles are calculated by the composite scattering model. For large-scale undulating description, narrow-band Lagrange model is used, which takes into account vertical horizontal skewnesses. Moreover, shadow curvature effects waves on also considered in our calculations. Comparisons computed curves with experimentally measured different incidence various wind speeds show that simulated...

This article is devoted to investigating the microwave scattering mechanisms of oil-free and oil-covered sea surfaces for an incidence angle smaller than 30° in a backscattering configuration. The Elfouhaily spectrum used simulate surface, whereas combined with Jenkins damping model applied simulation surface. Then, Kirchhoff approximation-stationary phase approximation (KA-SP) first order small-slope (SSA-1) are employed coefficients induced by specular total scattering, respectively....

Based on the simulated signal, a numerical simulation method of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging for time-varying sea surfaces is proposed, which helpful to study SAR mechanism so as better extract ocean wave parameters from images. Not only are modulation waves, speckle noise, and temporal decorrelation small-scale waves considered, but velocity bunching (VB) effect caused by motion large-scale also effectively added echo signal. To verify reliability method, images using RADARSAT-2...

The azimuth cutoff of interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) image, which is acquired at small incidence angles, mainly determined by the vertical component orbital velocity ocean waves and almost independent wave direction. Using this property, an inversion method for wind speed has been proposed based on IRA image in combination with Elfouhaily spectrum, can effectively solve problem small-scale parameters loss caused bunching. In present work, significant height (SH <inline-formula...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a bi-objective optimization framework select prefabricated construction service composition. An improved algorithm-genetic simulated annealing algorithm (GSA) employed demonstrate the application framework. Design/methodology/approach weighted aggregate multi-dimensional collaborative relationship used quantitatively evaluate synergistic effect. quality measured using same method. research proposed combination selection that comprehensively...

The microwave scatterometer is one of the most effective instruments in ocean remote sensing, which urges need for some theoretical models to accurately estimate scattering coefficient sea surface. For simulation from an surface, spectrum, or its inverse Fourier transform, autocorrelation function essential. Currently, many spectral have been proposed describing waves. However, spectrum should be adopted during electromagnetic (EM) computations? A systematic comparison these needed evaluate...

Sulige gas field is a typical low-permeability reservoir in China. According to desert landform features along with the regional hydrologic feature and existing fracturing technology operational conditions, factory-like method suitable for established improve techniques production organization. This includes five key parts: (1) centralized water supply mode (water source well supply+artificial lake storage); (2) highly efficient process (two mature multi-stage technologies, sliding sleeve...

In the general framework of second-order small-slope approximation (SSA) (SSA-II), Doppler shifts backscattered fields from time-varying sea surfaces are predicted at small and moderate incidence angles. The composite surface is modeled as a superposition large-scale gravity waves small-scale ripples. Here, elevation component, on which each facet travels along closed orbit under condition first-order approximation, described by coordinates facets. compared with results obtained perturbation...

Within the framework of two-scale scattering model, Doppler shift and bandwidth microwave field from two-dimensional (2-D) sea surface have been simulated. And comparisons simulated results with anomaly measurements Envisat ASAR demonstrate rationality formulas proposed by us. Meanwhile, influences tilt hydrodynamic modulations due to large-scale underlying waves on also discussed in detail. Numerical show that shifts for HH-and VV-polarizations are both observably affected values predicted...

In recent years, microplastics, especially marine microplastic pollution, have received global attention as a new type of environmental problem. The establishment accurate and efficient methods for the detection microplastics is basis in-depth research on transport, transformation, fate, ecotoxicological effects in environment. Microplastics seawater frequently mix with biological tissues, resulting challenges when identifying samples. However, commonly used pretreatment protocols often...

Within the framework of composite surface scattering model, analytical formulas for Doppler shift and bandwidth radar echoes backscattered from time-varying sea are derived in forms three-dimensional integrals. In our derivations, in∞uences tilt modulation (TM), hydrodynamic (HM), shadow curvature large-scale undulating waves all taken into account achieving more reasonable results. Comparisons between theoretical curves results obtained directly by exact numerical method demonstrate that...

The interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) is one of the main payloads "Guanlan" ocean science satellite proposed by National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology China. To evaluate effectiveness accuracy IRA in retrieving dynamic parameters, such as sea surface height (SSH), wave spectrum, wind speed, two airborne experiments were carried out at Qingdao Xiaomaidao (XMD) area on March 31, 2019, Rizhao November 16, 2020. In present work, wave-induced elevation (SSE) its spectrum have...

The National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology of China proposed the Guanlan ocean science satellite project in order to observe mesoscale submesoscale phenomena more effectively. In project, interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) is a main payload be used retrieve sea surface height (SSH) by means imaging technology. Sea state one important factors that affect accuracy SSH retrieved IRA. present work, effects velocity bunching layover induced waves are numerically simulated....