Significance Microtubule-severing enzymes are ATPases that utilize ATP hydrolysis to fragment microtubules. These play central roles in various cellular functions, including cell growth and division neural development. In vivo studies have shown severing can lead an increase microtubule mass, but how activity dynamics collectively expand the network remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate enzyme spastin is a dual-microtubule regulator: addition its activity, it promotes regrowth through...

We elaborate on the brane configuration that gives rise to a QCD-like gauge theory confines at low energies and becomes scale invariant highest energies. In limit where rank of group is large, gravitational description emerges. For confined phase, we obtain vector meson spectrum demonstrate how certain choice parameters can lead quantitative agreement with empirical data.

Dendrites grow by stochastic branching, elongation, and retraction. A key question is whether such a mechanism sufficient to form highly branched dendritic morphologies. Alternatively, are signals from other cells or the topological hierarchy of growing network necessary for dendrite geometry? To answer these questions, we developed mean-field model in which branch dynamics isotropic homogenous (i.e., no extrinsic instruction) depends only on average lengths densities branches. Branching...

The highly ramified arbors of neuronal dendrites provide the substrate for high connectivity and computational power brain. Altered dendritic morphology is associated with diseases. Many molecules have been shown to play crucial roles in shaping maintaining dendrite morphology. However, underlying principles by which molecular interactions generate branched morphologies are not understood. To elucidate these principles, we visualized growth throughout larval development Drosophila sensory...

Exact exchange contributions are known to crucially affect electronic states, which in turn govern covalent bond formation and breaking chemical species. Empirically averaging the exact admixture over configurational compositional degrees of freedom, hybrid density functional approximations (DFAs) have been widely successful, yet fallen short reach explicitly correlated high level quantum chemistry accuracy general. Using machine learning, we adaptified DFAs by generating optimal ratios "on...

Many recent works on large $N$ holographic QCD in the planar limit have not considered UV completions, restricting exclusively toward analyzing IR physics. Because of this, problems like Landau poles and divergences Wilson loops including instabilities at high temperatures been addressed. In some our papers, we discussed a possible completion, which is conformal confining far IR, that avoids loop divergences. this paper give general field theoretic considerations complete renormalization...

A consistency check for any UV complete model large N QCD should be, among other things, the existence of a well-defined vector and scalar mesonic spectra. In this paper, we use our in type IIB string theory to study IR dynamics predict spectra dual IIA side. The advantage approach is two-fold: not only will justify supergravity approach, but it also give us way compare with ones proposed earlier by Sakai Sugimoto. Interestingly, coming from massless stringy sector are independent physics,...

Dendrites are branched neuronal processes that receive input signals from other neurons or the outside world [1]. To maintain connectivity as organism grows, dendrites must also continue to grow. For example, in peripheral nervous system grow and branch proper coverage of their receptor fields [2, 3, 4, 5]. One such neuron is Drosophila melanogaster class IV dendritic arborization [6]. The arbors these tile larval surface [7], where they detect localized noxious stimuli, jabs parasitic wasps...

We elaborate on the brane configuration that gives rise to a QCD-like gauge theory confines at low energies and becomes scale invariant highest energies. In limit where rank of group is large, gravitational description emerges. For confined phase, we obtain vector meson spectrum demonstrate how certain choice parameters can lead quantitative agreement with empirical data.

A consistency check for any UV complete model large N QCD should be, among other things, the existence of a well-defined vector and scalar mesonic spectra. In this paper, we use our in type IIB string theory to study IR dynamics predict spectra dual IIA side. The advantage approach is two-fold: not only will justify supergravity approach, but it also give us way compare with ones proposed earlier by Sakai Sugimoto. Interestingly, coming from massless stringy sector are independent physics,...

Abstract Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal polymers whose growth and shrinkage highly regulated as eukaryotic cells change shape, move divide. One family of microtubule regulators includes the ATP-hydrolyzing enzymes spastin, katanin fidgetin, which sever into shorter fragments. Paradoxically, severases can increase number mass in cells. Recent work with purified spastin accounts for this phenotype by showing that, addition to severing, these modulate dynamics accelerating conversion...

Abstract The highly ramified arbors of neuronal dendrites provide the substrate for high connectivity and computational power brain. Altered dendritic morphology is associated with diseases. Many molecules have been shown to play crucial roles in shaping maintaining dendrite morphology. Yet, underlying principles by which molecular interactions generate branched morphologies are not understood. To elucidate these principles, we visualized growth throughout larval development Drosophila...