Adult mouse brain contains at least two distinct spectrin subtypes, both consisting of 240-kD and 235-kD subunits. Brain spectrin(240/235) is found in neuronal axons, but not dendrites, when immunohistochemistry performed with antibody raised against isolated from enriched synaptic/axonal membranes. A second subtype, spectrin(240/235E), exclusively recognized by red blood cell antibody. spectrin(240/235E) confined to bodies some glial cells, present axons or presynaptic terminals.

This report describes an analysis of the red blood cell proteome by ion trap tandem mass spectrometry in line with liquid chromatography. Mature cells lack all internal structures and consist cytoplasm within a plasma membrane envelope. To maximize outcome, total protein was divided into two fractions membrane-associated proteins cytoplasmic proteins. Both were subfractions, identified each fraction separately through tryptic digestion. Membrane digests collected from externally exposed...

We have demonstrated the existence of a spectrin-like protein in variety nonerythroid cultured cells. Indirect immunofluorescence studies with monospecific antispectrin IgG indicated presence proteins that common antigenic determinants to spectrin embryonic chicken cardiac myocytes, mouse fibroblast lines (3T3, simian virus 4-transformed 3T3), and rat hepatoma (HTC, HMOA). Two peptides 240,000 230,000 daltons were immunoprecipitated from octyl glucoside-solubilized along associated...

IgG autoantibodies in human serum selectively bind to a glycopeptide antigen that appears on senescent and damaged cells situ. We identified the membrane protein from which cell is derived by using phagocytosis-inhibition assay immunoautoradiographic gel staining electroblotting techniques. Results of revealed only purified transmembrane glycoprotein designated "band 3" inhibited phagocytosis erythrocytes induced eluted erythrocytes. Purified spectrin, syndein, band 4.1, actin, glycophorin...

Spectrin is a major cytoskeletal component of the brain. At least 2 distinct spectrin subtypes are found in mammalian brain: brain spectrin(240/235) and spectrin(240/235E). In present study were localized adult mouse by immunoelectron microscopy using antibodies that recognize each subtype. Brain spectrin(240/235E) was concentrated neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, postsynaptic terminals. It also prominently associated with plasma membrane, microtubules, filaments, mitochondria, endoplasmic...

The junctions of the red blood cell membrane skeleton are formed by interactions between spectrin and actin protofilaments. A tryptic peptide 16.5-kDa apparent molecular mass (based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) which binds to F-actin in cosedimentation experiments has been identified. partially purified filtration, anion-, cation exchange chromatography. Intact heterodimer causes half-maximal inhibition peptide/F-actin interaction at a concentration 5 microM....

Two-dimensional tryptic and chymotryptic analyses of all the major bands in a sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel human erythrocyte membrane show that each band has characteristic map. However, 2.1 (nomenclature T. L. Steck) several polypeptides below this exhibit similar peptide maps thus appear to be family closely related proteins or degradation products. Furthermore, they contain subset peptides are accounted for by from two known spectrin-binding fragments. We both fragments...

Mentors rarely receive education about the unique needs of underrepresented scholars in biomedical and behavioral sciences. We hypothesized that mentor-training peer-mentoring interventions for these would enrich perceived quality breadth discussions between mentor–protégé dyads (i.e., pairs). Our multicenter, randomized study 150 scholar–mentor compared: 1) mentor training, 2) protégé peer mentoring, 3) combined training 4) a control condition usual practice mentoring). In this secondary...

Abstract The extent to which dense and irreversible sickle cells (ISCs) contribute vaso‐occlusive episodes in cell disease remains unclear. N ‐Acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits ISC formation erythrocytes vitro restores glutathione levels toward normal. A phase II double‐blind randomized clinical trial was completed determine the efficacy of NAC decreasing formation, disease. Twenty‐one subjects with a history at least two per year 6% were enrolled. Four treatment groups analyzed; dose 2,400 mg...

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) can bind to homopurine/ homopyrimidine sequences of double-stranded DNA targets in a sequence-specific manner and form [PNA] 2 /DNA triplexes with single-stranded D-loop structures at the PNA binding sites. These have been found capacity initiate transcription vitro . If this strategy be used induce endogenous genes, it may provide novel approach for gene therapy many human diseases. Human β globin disorders such as sickle cell anemia β-thalassemia are very...

Protein 4.1 is a membrane skeletal protein that converts the low-affinity interaction between spectrin and actin into high-affinity ternary complex of spectrin, 4.1, essential to structural stability erythrocyte. Pig brain was shown contain an 87-kilodalton immunoreactive analog has partial sequence homology with pig erythrocyte same location as in cortical cytoplasm neuronal glial cell types cerebellum.

Store-operated calcium (SOC) entry represents the principal Ca 2+ pathway into nonexcitable cells. Despite intensive investigation, mechanisms underlying activation of SOC have remained elusive. The endothelial I channel is a -selective to which transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins TRPC1 and TRPC4 contribute subunits. Activation specifically regulated by spectrin–actin membrane skeleton; however, nature coupling between skeleton unknown. Here we demonstrate that protein 4.1 an...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether functional 20S and/or 26S proteasomes are within mature human red blood cells (RBCs; depleted reticulocytes and leukocytes). Double-immunofluorescence confocal microscopy showed presence immunoreactive 19S proteasomal subunit proteins their partial co-localization RBCs. Proteasomes isolated from RBCs displayed activity in vitro; atomic-force transmission electron revealed abundant core particles very few particles. A two-dimensional...

To conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of different mentoring interventions on basic psychological need satisfaction underrepresented minorities and women in academia.