Abstract Assembling complex nanostructures on functional substrates such as electrodes promises new multi‐functional interfaces with synergetic properties capable of integration into larger‐scale devices. Here, we report a microemulsion‐mediated process for the preparation CuO/Cu comprising surface layer densely packed array unusual cog‐shaped CuO microparticles hierarchical nanofilament‐based superstructure and enhanced electrochemical performance in lithium‐ion batteries. The particles are...

Vanadium(V) is an emerging contaminant in the most recent Environmental Protection Agency’s candidate list (CCL4). The redox chemistry of vanadium controls its occurrence aquatic environment, but impact vanadium(V) speciation on properties remains largely unknown. This study utilized rotating ring-disk electrode technique to examine reduction kinetics four pH- and concentration-dependent species presence absence phosphate. Results showed that VO2+, HxV4O12+x(4+x)– (V4), HVO42– proceeded via...

Removal of excess nitrate is critical to balance the nitrogen cycle in aquatic systems. This study investigated a novel denitrification process by tailoring photochemistry with formate. Under UV light irradiation, short-lived radicals (i.e., HO•, NO2•, and CO3•–) generated from photolysis partially oxidized formate highly reductive radical (CO2•–). CO2•– further reduced intermediates during photochemical (mainly NO•, HNO, N2O) gas-phase N2O N2). The degradation kinetics total dissolved was...

Chromium can exist as both trivalent Cr(<sc>iii</sc>) and hexavalent Cr(<sc>vi</sc>) in typical drinking water conditions, with being of particular concern due to its high toxicity new regulatory perspectives.

A cosurfactant-mediated microemulsion synthesis of free-standing CuO arrays with hierarchical micro-cog architectures on copper substrates has been successfully established. The cog-array films directly employed as anode electrodes derive from thermal dehydration Cu(OH)2 grown in the presence AOT–n-butanol–isooctane–water microemulsions. Introducing n-butanol a cosurfactant into ternary AOT–isooctane–water system increases rigidity reverse micelles and it can be selectively adsorbed...

Hydrogen-tuned 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV/H2) photolysis is an emerging technology to destroy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) in brine. This study discovered the promotive effects of two major brine anions, i.e., chloride sulfate VUV/H2 on hydrated electron (eaq–) generation perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) destruction established a kinetics model elucidate steady-state concentration eaq– ([eaq–]ss). Results showed that achieved near-complete defluorination perfluorooctanoic acid...

An outward coating method has been successfully employed to prepare CuO/MnO2 nanorod array films based on the impregnation of Cu(OH)2 with manganese nitrate aqueous solution and heat post-treatment. The as-prepared as heterogeneous catalysts address such issues easy agglomeration, difficult separation, possible secondary pollution related powder catalysts. Furthermore, they exhibit catalytic oxidation activity for degradation acid fuchsin (AF) dye in superior that bare CuO presence H2O2,...

Nanoparticles often exhibit size-dependent redox reactivities, with smaller particles being more reactive in some cases, while less others. Predicting trends between reaction rates and particle sizes is complicated because a particle's dimensions can simultaneously influence its aggregation state, surface area, thermodynamic properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that interfacial for nanoparticles different be described single linear free-energy relationship (LFER) if areas properties...

A simple route has been developed to prepare well‐aligned TiO 2 nanotube arrays, which is based on outward coating of and inward etching Cu(OH) nanorod templates. Effects annealing temperature time the crystal size crystallinity arrays photocatalytic activities for degradation Rhodamine B in aqueous solution have investigated. The results indicate that annealed at 500°C h possessed an enhanced activity comparison with without post heating commercial anatase nanoparticle film presented a good...

Reductive water treatment using hydrated electrons (eaq−) is a promising technology to destruct perfluoroalkyl substances; however, it faces challenges of slow reaction kinetics, undesirable chemical addition, and high energy consumption. Herein, we developed hydrogen (H2)-polarized photolysis system vacuum UV (VUV) light at 185 nm for reductive destruction perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) perfluorooctanesulfonic (PFOS). The 185-nm photons directly photolyzed H2O OH- into HO·, H·, eaq−. H2...

A gold-binding filamentous virus was converted to its spheroidal form and investigated as a versatile template of nanostructure formation.

The reduction of environmental pollutants by Fe2+ bound to iron oxides is an important process that determines pollutant toxicities and mobilities. Recently, we showed rates depend on the thermodynamic driving force reaction in a linear free energy relationship was function solution pH value potential, EH, interfacial Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple. In this work, studied how carbonate affected examining effect has nitrobenzene goethite (α-FeOOH). Carbonate slowed inducing particle aggregation, as...

Chlorate (ClO3–) is a toxic oxyanion pollutant from industrial wastes, agricultural applications, drinking water disinfection, and wastewater treatment. Catalytic reduction of ClO3– using palladium (Pd) nanoparticle catalysts exhibited sluggish kinetics. This work demonstrates an 18-fold activity enhancement by integrating earth-abundant vanadium (V) into the common Pd/C catalyst. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy electrochemical studies indicated that VV VIV precursors are reduced to VIII in...

TiO₂ nanorods, core–shell nanospheres, and microspheres were prepared <italic>via</italic> tuning the hydrolysis nucleation rate of Ti⁴⁺ ions. Superior photocatalytic efficiency nanorods attributes to large surface area high ⋅OH radical productivity.

Significance Single‐ and double‐walled anatase TiO 2 nanovesicles have been, respectively, prepared by a template‐free hydrothermal treatment of Ti(SO 4 ) with H O urea. Photocatalytic degradation Rhodamine B indicates that an initial lower but final higher photocatalytic efficiency than single‐walled ones. All significantly performance commercially available P25 . The enhanced capacity for UV light absorption and· OH radicals production, large specific surface area, unique hierarchical...

CuO/Cu electrodes comprising a surface layer of densely packed array unusual cog-shaped CuO microparticles with hierarchical nanofilament-based superstructures are presented by Stephen Mann and co-workers on page 3516. The demonstrate an improvement in coulombic efficiency, specific capacity, cycling performance as anodes lithium-ion batteries. initial discharge capacity reversible higher than for most copper oxide materials used.

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