A5005340734- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Genital Health and Disease
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Reproductive Health and Contraception
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
2017-2025
University of Colorado Denver
2017-2025
University of the Witwatersrand
2011-2020
Right to Care
2009-2019
University of Colorado Hospital
2019
Helen Joseph Hospital
2016-2018
AIDS Clinical Trials Group
2018
University of California, San Francisco
2017
Park Terrace Care Center
2017
National Health Laboratory Service
2009-2016
Background Antiretroviral regimens with simplified dosing and better safety are needed to maximize the efficiency of antiretroviral delivery in resource-limited settings. We investigated efficacy once-daily compared twice-daily diverse areas world. Methods Findings 1,571 HIV-1-infected persons (47% women) from nine countries four continents were assigned equal probability open-label therapy efavirenz plus lamivudine-zidovudine (EFV+3TC-ZDV), atazanavir didanosine-EC emtricitabine...
HIV-infected women are at increased risk for developing cervical cancer. Women living in resource-limited countries especially due to poor access cancer screening and treatment. We evaluated three methods detect intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 above (CIN 2+) South Africa; Pap smear, visual inspection with 5% acetic acid (VIA) human papillomavirus detection (HPV).HIV-infected aged 18-65 were recruited Johannesburg. A cross-sectional study evaluating the of histologically-defined gold...
To examine the association between CD4 counts, HPV infection and risk of cervical neoplasia among HIV-seropositive women.
Background. The Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is a rapid nucleic acid amplification test widely used in settings of high tuberculosis prevalence to detect as well rpoB mutations associated with rifampin resistance. Data are needed on the diagnostic performance lower-prevalence inform appropriate use for both detection and need respiratory isolation. Methods. was compared 2 sputum samples, each evaluated acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear mycobacterial culture using liquid solid media, from...
The prevalence of HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection in South Africa ranges from 4.8% to 17% using the standard marker surface antigen (hepatitis antigen, HBsAg) for chronic active HBV infection. However, sensitive molecular techniques detecting DNA serum can detect occult We report first observational prospective study infection HIV-positive people Africa.Five hundred and two patients attending an urban hospital were screened serological testing HBsAg, core antibody (anti-HBc),...
ABSTRACT Limited performance data from line probe assays (LPAs), nucleic acid tests used for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), and Mycobacterium drug resistance are available HIV-infected individuals, in whom paucibacillary TB is common. In this study, strategy testing sputum with GenoType MTBDRplus (MTBDR-Plus) Direct LPA (Direct LPA) was compared to a gold standard one mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) liquid culture. HIV-positive (HIV +...
ABSTRACT Background The COVID-19 pandemic affected sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing and diagnosis rates in the United States (U.S.), but these patterns have not been well characterized among people with HIV (PWH). Methods We analyzed medical records data of Outpatient Study (HOPS) participants seen for care from January 2019—March 2021, ≥1 CD4+ cell count viral load test results recorded. used Poisson regression models to estimate rate ratio (RR) 95% confidence interval (CI)...
BackgroundHematological abnormalities are common manifestations of advanced HIV-1 infection that could affect the outcomes highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Although most HIV-1-infected individuals live in resource-constrained countries, there is little information about frequency hematological such as anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia among with disease.MethodsThis study compared prevalence pre-antiretroviral 1571 participants a randomized trial efficacy Africa, Asia,...
Research Articles| February 10 2011 Diverse and High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Associated with a Significant Rate Cervical Dysplasia in Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women Johannesburg, South Africa Topic Article Package: Cytology Subject Area: Pathology Cell Biology Cynthia Firnhaber; Firnhaber From the Departments Medicine, Obstetrics Gynecology Anatomical Pathology, Clinical HIV Unit/Themba Lethu Clinic, University Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; Institute Infectious Disease...
Background The risk of squamous intra‐epithelial lesions (SIL) is higher in HIV‐positive women. As these women begin to live longer due highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), their cervical cancer may increase. Few data exist regarding the effect HAART on incidence and progression SIL African aim this study was evaluate South Africa. Methods A prospective observational HIV‐seropositive conducted over 5 years an HIV treatment clinic Johannesburg, participants consisted 601 off who had...
Persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical disease in the context HIV co-infection can be influenced by introduction antiretroviral therapy (ART) sustained immune activation despite ART. We conducted a cross-sectional study order to evaluate activation/exhaustion ART-suppressed HIV+ women with or without high-risk (HR) HPV-related intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). 55 South African were recruited three groups: HR (-) (n = 16) (+) 15) HPV negative histopathology, CIN grade 1/2/3...
Objective: HIV cure research urgently needs to identify pre-analytic treatment interruption (ATI) biomarkers of time-to-viral-rebound and viral setpoint mitigate the risk ATI accelerate development a cure. We previously reported that galactosylated IgG glycans, G2, negatively correlate with cell-associated DNA RNA during antiretroviral therapy (ART). hypothesized this other plasma glycomic traits can predict upon ART cessation. Design: profiled circulating glycomes (plasma bulk IgG) two...
To determine whether a quality assurance (QA) program using digital cervicography improved the performance of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN 2+) in HIV-infected women Johannesburg, South Africa.Visual was performed among women, aged 18 65 years, Africa. Nurses received weeks training on VIA procedure. The interpretation real time. results were then photographed retail available camera. A gynecologist and medical...
To determine sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence, and patient characteristics associated with detection of urethritis/cervicitis pathogens, among HIV-infected individuals offered voluntary STI screening at a South African HIV treatment center.Individuals, asymptomatic for genital discharge, were screened Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections (real-time polymerase chain reaction assay), syphilis herpes...
Our objective was to test the hypothesis that treatment for trichomoniasis among HIV-infected women not taking antiretrovirals in South Africa would be associated with decreased HIV genital shedding. presenting routine care were screened using self-collected vaginal swabs a rapid point-of-care immunochromatographic antigen test. Women testing positive offered enrollment into prospective cohort study, if they had documented infection, aged 18 50 years, and receiving antiretroviral therapy....
According to the World Health Organization, South Africa ranks as one of highest burden TB, TB/HIV co-infection, and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) countries. DR-TB treatment is complicated administer relies on use multiple toxic drugs, with potential for severe adverse drug reactions. We report occurrence events (AEs) during a standardised regimen at two outpatient, decentralized, public-sector sites in Johannesburg, Africa. reviewed medical records six-month intensive phase rifampicin-resistant...
Background. Breast cancer is the most common in women many low- and middle-income countries, often presents at an advanced stage that affects prognosis irrespective of care available. Although patient-related delay commonly cited, reasons for relationship to are still poorly documented, especially Africa. Objectives. To identify where socioeconomic delays occur how these relate presentation. Methods. Consecutive with a new breast diagnosis were prospectively invited complete questionnaire on...
Ethiopia has a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and is one the countries with highest burden multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).To understand costs that patients incur in obtaining diagnosis treatment for MDR-TB.In March 2013, interviews were conducted 169 MDR-TB at three hospitals to identify cost impact on employment family income.The average patient incurred total US$1378, which represented 25 months mid-treatment household income US$54. The patient's overall was generally catastrophic:...
Background Cervical cancer screening is a critical health service that often unavailable to women in under-resourced settings. In order expand access this and other reproductive primary care services, South African non-governmental organization established van-based mobile clinic two rural districts Africa. To inform policy budgeting, we conducted cost evaluation of delivery model. Methods The was retrospective (October 2012–September 2013 for one district April–September the second...
Women with HIV face an increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) acquisition and persistence, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, invasive cancer. Our objective was to determine the cost-effectiveness different cancer screening strategies among women in South Africa.