All genetic markers are estimators of DNA nucleotide sequence variation. Rather than obtaining data, it is cheaper and faster to use techniques that estimate variation, although this usually results in the loss some information. SSCP (single-stranded conformation polymorphism) offers a sensitive but inexpensive, rapid, convenient method for determining which samples set differ sequence, so only an informative subset need be sequenced. In short, most variation can detected with relatively...

We investigate the utility of hypervariable microsatellite loci to measure genetic variability remaining in northern hairy-nosed wombat, one Australia's rarest mammals. This species suffered a dramatic range and population reduction over past 120 years now exists as single colony about 70 individuals at Epping Forest National Park, central Queensland. Because our preliminary research on mitochondrial DNA multilocus fingerprints did not reveal informative variation this population, we chose...

Abstract: It has been argued that demographic and environmental factors will cause small, isolated populations to become extinct before genetic have a significant negative impact. Islands provide an ideal opportunity test this hypothesis because they often support are highly vulnerable extinction. To assess the potential impact of isolation small population size, we compared levels variation fitness in island mainland black‐footed rock‐wallaby ( Petrogale lateralis [Marsupialia:...

TAYLOR, A. C., N. MCCARTNEY, M. V. KAMATH, and R. L. WILEY. Isometric Training Lowers Resting Blood Pressure Modulates Autonomic Control. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 251–256, 2003. Purpose This study examined the effects of isometric handgrip training on resting arterial blood pressure, heart rate variability, pressure variability in older adults with hypertension. Methods: Nine subjects performed four 2-min contractions at 30% maximum voluntary contraction force, 3 d·wk−1...

Obtaining useful information about elusive or endangered species can be logistically difficult, particularly if relying entirely on field signs such as hair, feathers faeces. However, recent developments in molecular technology add substantially to the utility of 'non-invasive' samples, which provide a source DNA that used identify not only but also individuals and their gender. This provides great potential improve accuracy abundance estimates determine behavioural parameters, home-range...

Single-locus microsatellite variation correlated perfectly with chromosome number in Sitobion miscanthi aphids. The microsatellites were highly heterozygous, up to 10 alleles per locus this species. Despite considerable allelic variation, only seven different S. genotypes discovered 555 individuals collected from a wide range of locations, hosts and sampling periods. Relatedness between suggests two successful colonizations Australia. There was no evidence for genetic recombination so the...

Bottlenose dolphins have a global distribution throughout tropical and temperate waters, both inshore offshore. Many studies demonstrate the existence of at least two Tursiops species: truncatus, consisting offshore eco-types T. aduncus, coastal Indo-Pacific type known to extend south into waters down east coast Australia. To clarify taxonomic status populations (Port Phillip Bay Gippsland Lakes) bottlenose along Australia’s (Victoria), 346bp region mitochondrial-DNA (mtDNA) control was...

Genotyping of koalas at CA-repeat microsatellite loci has revealed significant differences in the levels allelic diversity (A) and expected heterozygosity (H(E)) between populations from north-eastern south-eastern Australia. In 10 studied, ranged 8.0 Nowendoc population to 1.7 Kangaroo Is. population, values H(E) 0.831 0.331 population. Data pooled region had significantly higher (A = 11.5 +/- 1.4) than those Australia 5.3 1.0). Furthermore were found (H(E) 0.851) vs. 0.436) regions...

Abstract The highly endangered northern hairy‐nosed wombat ( Lasiorhinus krefftii ) is extremely difficult to study in the wild, and its numbers correspondingly estimate. Disturbance animals caused by trapping radio‐tracking may not only constitute an excessive risk population’s viability, but also yield biased data. results of a pilot are presented, which clearly show noninvasive genotyping be feasible reliable alternative censusing method for L. . protocol can identify individual wombats...

Abstract Dispersal is an important influence on species’ distributions, patch colonization and population persistence in fragmented habitat. We studied the impacts of habitat fragmentation resulting from establishment exotic pine plantation dispersal marsupial carnivore, Antechinus agilis . applied spatial analyses individual multilocus microsatellite genotypes mitochondrial haplotypes to study patterns gene flow natural ‘control’ areas, how this affected by dispersion patches, presence...

Habitat fragmentation and associated reduced dispersal of wildlife can lead to an accumulation related individuals in fragments. The altered kin interactions amplified chance inbred matings has profound implications for mating social systems, ultimately population persistence. Nonetheless, within-fragment processes are rarely studied. With this aim, we examined relatedness structure two candidate isolated populations (Kulpara Scrubby Peak) southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus...

van der Ree, R., S. Cesarini, P. Sunnucks, J. L. Moore, and A. Taylor. 2010. Large gaps in canopy reduce road crossing by a gliding mammal. Ecology Society 15(4): 35. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03759-150435

We evaluated and compared sixteen combinations of commonly used storage extraction methods for faecal DNA from two Australian marsupial herbivores, carnivores an introduced carnivorous mammal. For all species the highest amplification lowest genotyping error rates were achieved using dried faeces extracted via a surface wash followed by spin column purification. The seen in Dasyurus spp. Vulpes vulpes. observed each incorporated into computer simulations to identify number PCR replicates...

Abstract Successful management of endangered species may be greatly facilitated by the ability to monitor population trends. The Australian northern hairy‐nosed wombat ( Lasiorhinus krefftii ) is one world's most mammals, but precise abundance estimation trapping surveys has proven exceedingly difficult. A mark‐recapture study was conducted in sole remaining L. population, based on microsatellite identification individuals and their gender from DNA remotely collected single hairs. Population...

The northern hairy‐nosed (NHN) wombat is perhaps Australia's most endangered mammal. Being fossorial and nocturnal as well rare, NHN wombats are difficult to observe in the wild. Hence little known of their social biology, such mating dispersal systems. A hypothesis has been advanced that adult females species disperse post‐breeding, leaving young inhabit natal burrow. Female‐biased expected result higher relatedness amongst males a burrow cluster than cluster. usefulness panel...

Abstract Habitat fragmentation is one of the major contributors to loss biodiversity worldwide. However, relatively little known about its more immediate impacts on within‐patch population processes such as social structure and mating systems, whose alteration may play an important role in extinction risk. We investigated habitat due establishment exotic softwood plantation kin breeding system Australian marsupial carnivore, Antechinus agilis . Restricted dispersal by males fragmented...

Forests and woodlands are under continuing pressure from urban agricultural development. Tree-dependent mammals that rarely venture to the ground likely be highly sensitive forest fragmentation. The Australian squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) provides an excellent case study examine genetic (functional) connectivity among populations. It has extensive range occurs in a wide band along east coast. However, its woodland habitat become greatly reduced area is severely fragmented within...

Demographic and genetic replenishment of populations through the exchange individuals is essential for their persistence. Habitat loss fragmentation can reduce permeability landscapes, hinder dispersal compromise integrity over time. We examined ecological connectivity in an arboreal marsupial, common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) fragmented forests southeastern Australia. This species potentially robust to based on its presence degraded landscapes known use plantations foraging...

Abstract Millions of dollars are spent on wildlife crossing structures intended to reduce the barrier effects roads wildlife. However, we know little about degree which these facilitate dispersal and gene flow. Our study incorporates two elements that rarely used in evaluation structures: an experimental design including a before after comparison, use genetic techniques demonstrate flow at both population individual levels. We evaluated effect (canopy bridges glider poles) gliding mammal,...

Abstract Few bottlenecks of wild populations are sufficiently well‐documented to constitute models for testing theories about the impact on genetic variation, and subsequent population persistence. Relevant details Bennett’s wallaby ( Macropus rufogriseus ) introduction into New Zealand were recorded (founder number, source approximate bottleneck duration) suggest this may provide a rare opportunity examine efficacy tests designed detect recent in populations. We first assessed accuracy...