This study investigates the mechanical responses in three-point bending and compression of body-centered cubic (BCC) for specific aerospace applications to achieve lightweight improved properties. The characteristics functionally graded BCC lattice structures were explored, resulting enhanced features compared with uniform-graded structures. Due gradient structure, average load significantly increased 62.5%. It was found that structure only exhibits a dual failure model comprising buckling...

Accurately predicting key engineering properties, such as compressive and tensile strength, remains a significant challenge in high-performance concrete (HPC) due to its complex heterogeneous composition. Early selection of optimal components the development reliable machine learning (ML) models can significantly reduce time cost associated with extensive experimentation. This study introduces four explainable Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) that integrate Optuna for hyperparameter...

In this study, hybrid lattice structures are created, combining truss‐based and sheet‐based triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS)‐based structures. Body‐centered cubic (BCC), octet, diamond‐TPMS hybridized utilizing multi‐layer staking or longitudinal hybridization approach. Two types of with varying strut thicknesses unit‐cell counts per layer examined along the homogenous The additively manufactured using fused deposition modeling (FDM) process for conducting uniaxial compression tests to...

The honeycomb (HC) core of sandwich structures undergoes flexural loading and carries the normal compression shear. mechanical properties deformation response need to be established for design requirements. In this respect, article describes development smallest possible representative cell (RC) models quantifying failure process Nomex polymer-based hexagonal HC structure under out-of-plane quasi-static loadings. While single multi-cell are suitable tension compression, a six-cell model is...

Automotive bumper beams play a very crucial role in absorbing impact energy during crash collisions and reducing damage from the front or rear ends of vehicle low high-velocity impact. This paper discusses different energy-absorbing materials introduced between fascia metallic beam. A novel recipe, with combinations ranging 0% to 50% 20% 80% Polypropylene (PP) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) propylene diene monomer (EPDM), was prepared by weight comparative study based on their strengths done...

Wastewater containing heavy metals, such as nickel ions (Ni2+), discharged from industry to water streams poses a serious threat because even at low concentrations, it does not naturally degrade and is toxic human aquatic life. This article reviews novel technique for wastewater treatment using Sayong ball clay (SBC) membrane remove industrial wastewater. SBC powder was achieved through milling planetary mill (milling time; 10, 20 30 h), further labelled 30, with ball-to-powder of ratio 7:1...

This paper presents a comprehensive survey on the importance of free space optics (FSO) systems used as last mile for communication and their integration with optical fibers. Optical fiber is already being in backbone networks due to its high speed bandwidth qualities but has always been problem. Last physical connection between access network end user. FSO provide an innovative solution this The surveyed techniques are explained working principles. All nodes make possible also thoroughly...

The globally soaring energy prices and electricity shortfall are major hurdles in the economic development of Pakistan. To cope with periodic power outages, small medium enterprise (SME) business owners have to fall back on alternate sources such as backup generators uninterruptible supplies (UPS), which further increase per kWh cost electricity, quality issues, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On contrary, grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) systems not only economical sustainable but support...

Abstract The extensive applications of honeycomb (HC) core in sandwich structures necessitates the influence cellular geometry and cell wall base material on mechanical response to be quantified. In this respect, paper establishes mechanics deformation failure processes HC under out-of-plane compressive, tensile, shear loading. corresponding properties are determined mechanisms structure identified. relative density ( ρ */ s ) aspect ratio H / c hexagonal compressive response, characteristic...

The tribological enhancement of nano-lubricant that consist formulated Eichhornia Crassipes carbon nanotubes (EC-CNTs) dispersed in base rapeseed oil using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and oleic acid (OA) as surfactants was conducted this study. experiment done high frequency reciprocating rig, applying 0.5 mass%, 1 mass% 1.5 EC-CNTs alongside 2% 5% the various sonicated for 25 minutes 50 respectively. use sonication to reduce agglomeration. outcome showed SDS yielded better results than OA,...

This paper investigates the damage development ahead of mode I delamination tips in carbon /epoxy laminates using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two techniques were adopted for investigation; first technique consisted application stepwise load increments on DCB (double cantilever beam) specimens inside SEM, while images recorded until onset. For second technique, fatigue tested under different combinations monotonic and cyclic loading. After tests, kept open by insertion steel wedges...

To minimize the unwanted toxic effects of anti-anginal ranolazine by kinetic control drug release, it was entrapped into gastro-resistant, biodegradable eudragit (EU) and ethyl cellulose (EC) binary blend using phase separation method.Ten formulations were prepared different polymer ratios solvent.The microparticles characterized for micromeritic properties, compatibility Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) Differential Scannibg Calorimetry (DSC), surface morphology Scanning...

The purpose of the present study was to compare in vitro release and find out whether bioavailability a 75 mg indomethacin capsule (Microcid SR) equivalent optimized formulation (indomethacin-loaded cetyl alcohol microspheres). Indomethacin-loaded microspheres were prepared by meltable emulsified cooling-induced technique. Surface morphology has been evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. A single dose, randomized, complete cross over IM carried on 10 healthy male female Albino...

Abstract Nomex Honeycomb core is the foundational building block for manufacturing aerospace composite components. Its usage requires machining honeycomb in complex aerodynamic profiles where quality of governed by accuracy and precision cut profiles. The assessment directly related to forces induced cutting tool efficiency. These two parameters form basis a multi‐objective function that this paper aims optimize milling operation. parameter depth considered has not been analyzed optimization...

The effect of nano particle inclusion and the stacking sequence/metal volume fraction on tensile strength energy absorption properties Fiber Metal Laminates (FML) is investigated. FML structure composed lightweight thin sheets aerospace grade aluminum alloy 7075 unidirectional glass fiber composite with Araldite LY5052 thermoset epoxy system as matrix. in was varied by increasing number from 2 to maximum 4. In second batch, matrix reinforced multi-walled carbon tubes diamond particles...

The rapid heating and cooling in a grinding process may cause phase transformations. This will introduce thermal strains plastic simultaneously workpiece with substantial residual stresses. properties of the material change when transformation occurs. extent such depends on temperature history experienced instantaneous stresses developed. To carry out reliable stress analysis, comprehensive modelling technique sophisticated computational procedure that can accommodate property metallurgical...

Gold electrodes are often not suitable for the dopamine measurements as creates a non-conducting polymer layer on surface of electrodes, which leads to increased amount electrode passivity with gradual increase in voltammograms measurement. This work presents impedance spectroscopy and cyclic-voltammetry comparitive study detection two modifications Au i.e., (1) Cysteamine (2) Mercaptopropionic Acid (MPA) thermally bonded ultrasonically welded microfluidic chips respectively. The effects...