The increasing interest in integrating intermittent renewable energy sources into microgrids presents major challenges from the viewpoints of reliable operation and control. In this paper, issues microgrid control are discussed, a review state-of-the-art strategies trends is presented; general overview main principles (e.g., droop control, model predictive multi-agent systems) also included. paper classifies three levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, where primary secondary levels...

The provision of energy at the local level by using renewable and resources is increasingly acknowledged as a techno-economic solution for rural electrification. This work describes an approach implementing microgrid projects institutional means specific entity that uses methods engage community in operation maintenance (O&M), which ensures long-run benefits. first step, related to macro-level barriers, addressed building complete cadastre isolated communities, while second, micro level,...

Dynamic thermal rating (DTR) has been seen as an important tool for planning and operation of power systems, recently, smart-grid applications. To implement effective DTR system, it is necessary to install monitoring stations along the studied lines, with a tradeoff between accurate estimations equipment investments. In this paper, novel heuristic developed identifying number locations critical spans implementation DTR. The based on use historical-simulated weather data, obtained from...

A novel SCADA approach for a renewable based microgrid is proposed. The optimization scheme provides online set points each generation unit, operation modes water supply system, and signals consumers on demand side management mechanism. Additionally, different services are developed supervising, maintenance, repair procedures. participation of the community ensured through appropriate communication information exchange whole configures Social solution. Three specific described in detail...

In this paper, two methods for generating the daily load profile and forecasting in isolated small communities are proposed. these communities, energy supply is difficult to predict because it not always available, limited according some schedules highly dependent on consumption behavior of each community member. The first method proposed be used before implementation microgrid design state, includes a household classifier based Self Organizing Map (SOM) that provides patterns by use...

The World Bank, one of the most important supporters rural electrification projects, estimates that approximately 1.2 billion people do not have regular access to electricity. In Latin America as a whole, according International Energy Agency, rate has reached 92.3% but still leaves 33.8 million without electricity (see Figure 1). They live mostly in and isolated areas are often neglected by projects due high associated costs technical difficulties.

Increasing power system resilience at the distribution level is crucial due to negative social impact of blackouts, as undesired consequences get worse longer restoration takes. Statistical records demonstrate that recovery times after high-impact, low-probability events (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods) are often faster for generation transmission segments than system. During 2010 Chilean earthquake (8.8 Mw on Richter scale), example, in most affected area (almost 1.1 million...

The development of a proper protection system is essential for the secure and reliable operation microgrids. In this paper, novel adaptive microgrids presented. scheme based on protective device that includes two directional elements which are operating in an interleaved manner, namely overcurrent undervoltage elements. proposed can be implemented microprocessor-based relays. To define settings device, robust programming approach was considering finite set fault scenarios. scenarios...

We propose a novel stochastic control formulation for the microgrid energy management problem and extend previous works on continuous time rolling horizon strategy to uncertain demand. modelize demand dynamics with differential equation. decompose this into three terms: an average drift, time-dependent mean-reversion term Brownian noise. use BocopHJB numerical simulations. This optimal toolbox implements semi-Lagrangian scheme handle optimization of switching times required discrete on/off...

The consideration of uncertainties in the future system operation is a key aspect current planning methodologies. In this context, load flow studies based on probabilistic theory, fuzzy numbers, and Monte Carlo simulations have been proposed literature. This work analyzes novel way application number arithmetic for DC problem. sense, sets theory reviewed showed that there are two alternative valid procedures to perform subtraction. A right selection one these independency or dependency among...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> High penetration of distributed generation (DG) resources is increasingly observed worldwide. The evolution this process in each country highly depends on the cost traditional technologies, market design, and promotion programs subsidies. Nevertheless, as trend accelerates, higher levels will be achieved and, turn, a competitive integration DG needed for an adequate development power sector. This...

One of the methods for setting distribution tariffs is benchmarking competition. In Chile, a yardstick competition scheme applied. This consists “model company” that designed in order to quantify what would be least cost operating an efficient company serving same demand as actual company. Input data design company's network are load locations, magnitudes, and growth forecast, feasible feeder routes. The this network, considering its high combinatorial degree, size, operational constraints,...

Chile offers unique conditions for the development of solar energy solutions. The new government is drawing up an ambitious road map energy. Some visions include positioning as a regional exporter. This article examines this trend, based on power sector, market, analysis models, innovation opportunities, and public policies implemented over past ten years. It provides overview scenario Latin America technical challenges faced by various technologies, it discusses transmission systems storage...

Many people across Latin America still do not have access to reliable electricity. Although Chile exhibits a comparatively high electricity coverage, many barriers are present for the development of sustainable energy supply solutions exploiting local renewable sources. To face this challenge, coconstruction methodology is proposed, which considers flexible and participatory design with continuous communication between technical team project community, thus ensuring informed decision making...

The Ayllu Solar project's main goal is to foster the sustainable development of rural/urban communities in Arica & Parinacota region, northern Chile, by means using solar energy. This a 5-year project based on three pillars, namely, (i) creation replicable and scalable energy solutions, (ii) human capital capacities for effective use energy, (iii) ensuring sustainability including business models, support network, community involvement proper institutional framework. Concerning former,...

Smart grid is understood to be the key enabling technology for renewable energy development. This concept can extended supply challenge in rural areas Latin America. Abundant distributed resources surrounding isolated towns offer an unique opportunity development of smart and cost-effective microgrids allowing: efficient use local resources, reduction operational costs fossil fuels dependency, extension system components lifetime, commitment community. paper presents a microgrid design...