The U.S. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements United Nations Scientific Committee Effects of Atomic each conducted respective assessments all radiation sources in the States worldwide. goal this article is to summarize combine results these two publicly available surveys compare with historical information. In 2006, about 377 million diagnostic interventional radiologic examinations 18 nuclear medicine were performed. accounts for 12% procedures one-half performed...

The objective of the present project was determination dose received by patients during cardiac procedures, such as coronary angiography, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) and stent implantation. Thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs), suitably calibrated, were used for measurement at four anatomical locations on patient's skin. A dose-area product (DAP) meter also used. contribution cinefluorography to total DAP higher than that fluoroscopy. effective conversion factor equal 0.183...

There has been growing concern about radiation exposures in the case of pregnant women who undergo radiological examinations lower abdomen and pelvis, when embryo/fetus is near or included X-ray field. This paper describes a retrospective study 50 accrued over period 10 years. Most these were not aware pregnancy at time their examinations. They subsequently discovered that they sought advice from physicians on fetal dose risk. then referred to Radiation Protection Advisor for an estimation...

The growth of interventional techniques in radiology and the consequent close proximity staff to patients during screening emphasizes need for provision proper protective clothing appropriate personnel monitoring radiological staff. In order comply fully with Ionising Radiation Regulations (HMSO, 1985a) associated Approved Code Practice Guidance Notes 1985b; HMSO, 1988), an employer must demonstrate not only that doses are below any relevant limits but also they as low is reasonably...

In interventional cardiology, a wide variation in patient dose for the same type of procedure has been recognised by different studies. Variation is almost due to complexity, equipment performance, protocol and operator skill. The SENTINEL consortium performed survey nine european centres collecting information on near 2000 procedures, new set reference levels (RLs) coronary angiography angioplasty diagnostic electrophysiology assessed air kerma-area product: 45, 85 35 Gy cm2, effective...

This article summarizes the dosimetric results of an International Atomic Energy Agency coordinated research program to investigate feasibility adopting guidance levels for invasive coronary artery procedures. The main study collected clinical data from hospitals located in five countries. A total 2265 angiograms (CA) and 1844 percutaneous interventions (PCI) were analyzed. Substudies evaluated performance 14 fluoroscopes, skin dose maps obtained using film, quality CA procedures, complexity...

<h3>AIMS</h3> To examine body composition in preterm infants. <h3>METHODS</h3> Body was measured by dual energy <i>x</i>-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at hospital discharge, term, 12 weeks, and 6 months corrected age 125 infants (birthweight ⩽ 1750 g, gestational 34 weeks). <h3>RESULTS</h3> weight derived DEXA accurately predicted that determined conventional scales. In both sexes lean mass (LM), fat (FM), %FM, bone area (BA), mineral (BMM), density (BMD) increased rapidly during the study;...

Two cardiology X-ray rooms were monitored with dose-area product meters as part of a Regional Patient Dosimetry Programme. Dose-area measurements on over 2000 patients undergoing examinations in the are presented. The data have been corrected according to patient size where possible. In room A mean values for coronary angiography, angioplasty, radiofrequency ablation and mitral valvuloplasty found be 47.7, 72.2, 91.1 161.9 Gy cm2 respectively. B angiography angioplasty 23.4 51.6...

Abstract Cerebral angiography provides valuable information for use in the clinical management of patients but can result relatively high radiation doses to and staff due extended fluoroscopy time number images acquired during an examination. In this study, extremity radiologists scrub nurses working a neuroradiological centre were monitored 3 month period using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs). Electronic personal also used monitor above lead apron at chest height radiologists,...

Aims To perform a comprehensive analysis of all aspects patient and in-room personnel radiation dosimetry in interventional electrophysiology.

Current cancer detection rates and dose levels in the UK Breast Screening Programme are used to compare numbers of cancers detected with predicted be induced by screening process itself. Numbers those shown exceed a large margin for women aged over 50 years. The associated benefit/risk ratio is also considered. For younger this progressively reduced but remains positive at least down age 40 years, possibly beyond. Women both without family history breast Some implications familial programmes...

Measurements of radiation distributions in the vicinity couch were undertaken for a number projections commonly employed during cardiac radiological studies. Three types investigations considered; catheterisations, pacemaker implants and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasties. The dose to staff involved these procedures was estimated. For each group staff, maximum annual workload which would necessitate an individual becoming classified worker may be deduced from expression given text.

Journal Article Image quality and dose management in digital radiography: a new paradigm for optimisation Get access H. P. Busch, Busch *Corresponding author: keith.faulkner@nhs.net Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. Faulkner Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 117, Issue 1-3, December 2005, Pages 143–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nci728 Published: 03 February 2006

The radiation dose to a series of adult and paediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterisations adults having percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been measured/determined directly using lithium fluoride thermoluminescent dosemeters indirectly an air ionisation chamber which indicated exposure-area product. Somatic genetic risks are estimated from the dosimetry results. It is suggested that magnitude hazard negligible compared with other clinical hazards associated these procedures.

Previous studies have investigated the radiation dose to doctors and patients during coronary angiography angioplasty, but most of them were retrospective, conducted in prestent era, results not been consistent. Effective 57 undergoing and/or angioplasty was assessed by using a dose-area product (DAP) effective conversion factor. Radiation exposure risks then calculated for each procedure. Thermoluminescent dosimeters, mounted on specially designed catheter that advanced left or right sinus...

Since the development of interventional radiology, number and complexity procedures has increased significantly continues to grow. Interventional radiology offer substantial health care benefits. However, associated with increasing as well a lack quality control programmes specific training in radiation protection, there is an increase occurrence deterministic effects both patients staff. There growing literature case reports describing effects. A review some response various international...

Abstract A series of experiments were performed to determine the dose reduction afforded radiosensitive organs in head and neck by various protective devices. These included spectacles with plastic, standard glass, photochromic lead-glass lenses, a thyroid collar lead-acrylic face mask. The measurements using an anthropomorphic phantom loaded lithium fluoride thermoluminescent dosemeters, conditions realistic clinical practice. Irradiations scattered radiation produced pelvic phantom, for...

The exposure of staff during fluoroscopic procedures was simulated for overcouch x-ray tube/undercouch image intensifier and undercouch tube/overcouch geometries. A Rando phantom with film badge dosimeters attached to the skin surface at seven commonly used monitoring sites loaded lithium fluoride thermoluminescent irradiated an extended period in vicinity a patient couch. Scattered radiation generated from irradiation anthropomorphic using primary range 70 kVp-110 kVp used. dose organs...

Abstract One of the chief sources uncertainty in comparison patient dosimetry data is influence size on dose. Dose has been shown to relate closely equivalent diameter patient. This concept used derive a prospective, phantom based method for determining correction factors measurements dose–area product. The derivation factor demonstrated mathematically, and appropriate determined number different X-ray sets. use enables effect be isolated from other influencing derived agree well with those...

Abstract The measurement and prediction of scattered radiation dose to staff in diagnostic radiology is particularly important, owing the increased use complexity interventional radiology. air kerma-area product vicinity patient couch, for both overcouch undercouch X-ray tube geometries, were simultaneously monitored. distribution at couchside was deduced a range potentials geometries. variation with field size on geometries investigated, as well focus–table distance an geometry. It...