The volumetric monopolar-RWG discretization of the electric-field integral equation (EFIE) imposes no continuity constraint across edges in surface around a closed conductor. current is expanded with set and electric field tested over tetrahedral elements attached to boundary surface. This scheme facet-oriented therefore, well suited for scattering analysis nonconformal meshes or composite objects. observed accuracy, though, only competitive respect RWG-discretization restricted range...

The GEROS-ISS (GNSS rEflectometry, Radio Occultation and Scatterometry onboard International Space Station) is an innovative experiment for climate research, proposed in 2011 within a call of the European Agency (ESA). This proposal was only one selected further studies by ESA out ~25 ones that were submitted. In this work, instrument performance near-nadir altimetry (GNSS-R) mode assessed, including effects multi-path ISS structure, electromagnetic-bias, orbital height decay. absence...

Nonconforming implementations of the electric-field integral equation (EFIE), based on facet-oriented monopolar-RWG set, impose no continuity constraints in expansion current between adjacent facets. These schemes become more versatile than traditional edge-oriented schemes, RWG because they simplify management junctions composite objects and allow analysis nonconformal triangulations. Moreover, for closed moderately small conductors with edges corners, show improved accuracy respect to...

The surface integral equation (SIE) method, discretized with the method of moments, is a well-established methodology for scattering analysis subwavelength plasmonic nanoparticles. SIEs are usually low-order basis functions that preserve normal continuity currents across edges arising in meshed boundary, such as Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) functions. However, enhancement modeling on sharp-edged particles an extremely challenging task, especially due to singular fields exerted at sharp corners,...

The method-of-moment discretization of boundary integral equations in the scattering analysis closed infinitely long (2-D) objects, perfectly conducting (PEC) or penetrable, is traditionally carried out with continuous piecewise linear basis functions, which embrace pairs adjacent segments. This numerically advantageous because transversal component scattered fields, electric (TE) magnetic (TM), becomes free from hypersingular Kernel contributions. In composite though, imposition continuity...

The GNSS rEflectometry, Radio Occultation and Scatterometry onboard International Space Station (GEROS-ISS) is an innovative experiment for climate research, proposed in 2011 within a call of the European Agency (ESA) installation at ISS. This international proposal was only one selected further studies by ESA out ~25 submitted ones. In this work, assessment instrument performance near-nadir altimetry (GNSS-R) mode assessed, including effects multi-path ISS structure, electromagnetic-bias,...

The discretization of the Electric-Field Integral Equation (EFIE) by Method Moments (MoM) for a transversal electric (TE) illuminating wave impinging on an infinitely long cylinder (2D-object) is traditionally carried out with continuous piecewise linear basis functions. In this paper, we present novel TE-EFIE formulation scattering analysis homogeneous, perfectly conducting 2D-objects based expansion currents around line-boundary through discontinuous or constant We show several cylinders,...

The Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation is widely used in the scattering analysis of dielectric bodies. RWG set normally adopted to expand electric and magnetic currents Method Moments (MoM) discretization PMCHWT formulation. This preserves normal continuity across edges expansion currents. However, composite objects, imposition such constraint around junctions, where several regions intersect, becomes convoluted. We present a new nonconforming formulation so...

The Method-of-Moment (MoM) discretization of the Electric-Field Integral Equation (EFIE) for a transversal electric (TE) illuminating plane wave impinging on an infinitely long cylinder (2D-object) traditionally requires continuous piecewise linear basis functions. These functions are particularly convenient in numerical implementation because they reduce degree Kernel singularity. Recently, nonconforming TE-EFIE discretized with discontinuous has been successfully developed testing...

This contribution identifies an often ignored source of uncertainty in the accuracy adaptive cross approximation algorithm, and proposes a combination adaptations that reduce this with negligible additional computational cost.

The scattering analysis with the Electric-Field Integral Equation by Method of Moments perfectly conducting plates is normally carried out through thin-plate approximation, which models closed surface as an open and discards influence plate rim. resulting accuracy accepted in many practical applications long thickness small enough. However, grazing incidences, approximation gives rise to severe inaccuracies. In this paper, we present a new numerical approach, name thick-plate formulation,...

The scattering of transversal magnetic (TM) electromagnetic waves impinging on infinitely long homogeneous ferromagnetic objects is usually analyzed with the Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation. Method-of-Moments (MoM) discretization TM-PMCHWT requires continuous piecewise linear basis functions. These functions are especially well suited in analysis single radar targets since they cancel out hypersingular terms scattered field. However, complex objects,...

The GNSS rEflectometry, Radio Occultation and Scatterometry onboard the International Space Station (GEROS-ISS) experiment consists of installation a reflectometry (GNSS-R) instrument on (ISS). Due to complex structure ISS, GEROS-ISS suffers from multipath effects. collected signals are not only received directly, but also after multiple reflections in ISS structure. This work analyzes effect based Using ray tracing simulation, all rays reaching one or two computed, as well corresponding...

The electromagnetic scattering analysis of arbitrarily shaped ferromagnetic bodies is usually carried out with the Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation. In Method Moments (MoM) discretization PMCHWT formulation, RWG set very often adopted in expansion unknown traces total fields over boundary surface target. RWG-schemes are edge-based and become general well-suited for single targets meshed conformal meshings, where adjacent triangles share common edges. However,...

Traditional method-of-moment implementations of the electric-field integral equation (EFIE) are based on sets divergence-conforming basis functions, such as loworder Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) set, which arise from imposing normal continuity in expanded current across edges arising triangulation around boundary surface. These schemes edge-oriented and become well-suited for analysis conformal meshings, where pairs adjacent triangles share common edges. However, they cannot be applied to...

Method-of-moment (MoM) implementations of the Electric-field Integral Equation (EFIE) in scattering analysis infinitely long (2D) or arbitrarily shaped (3D) conductors have traditionally required, respectively, piecewise-continuous divergence-conforming basis functions. Recently, nonconforming EFIE-discretizations, with no imposed interelement continuity current, been developed by testing fields over small domains attached to boundary interfaces, inside body under analysis. This involves...

Recent attention has been devoted to the development of nonconforming implementations Electric-Field Integral Equation (EFIE), which impose no continuity constraints in expansion current between adjacent facets. These schemes, based on facet-oriented monopolar-RWG set, become more versatile than traditional edge-oriented RWG because they simplify discretization around junctions composite objects and can handle nonconformal triangulations. The existing tackle numerical evaluation inherent...

The monopolar-Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) discretization of the Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PM-CHWT) integral equation imposes no continuity constraints in current expansion across edges arising from boundary surface. numerical evaluation hypersingular kernel contributions can be carried out through volumetric testing fields over a set tetrahedral elements attached to surface target. This facet-based implementation becomes well-suited for scattering analysis composite objects or...

In the discretization of Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) formulation by Method Moments (MoM), unknown currents are usually expanded with divergence-conforming RWG set. Recently, PMCHWT monopolar-RWG basis functions, discontinuous across edges, has been successfully developed through a volumetric-tetrahedral testing scheme. We present novel even-surface odd-volumetric PMCHWT-discretization that relies on rearrangement set in terms and odd-monopolar-RWG subsets. This scheme...

The discretization by the Method of Moments (MoM) electromagnetic integral equations, namely, Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) for perfect electric conductors (PECs) and Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) formulation penetrable objects, is usually carried out with divergence-conforming sets basis functions. However, in single-surface analysis piecewise homogeneous composite objects implementation around junction-edges, where several regions intersect, becomes convoluted....

The Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PM-CHWT) integral equation discretized with the method of moments (MoM) in conjunction edge-based Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) set is normally used electromagnetic scattering analysis arbitrarily shaped penetrable structures. However, since RWG basis functions impose normal-current continuity across adjacent triangles arising surface mesh, RWG-based implementations are only valid for conformal triangulations. In this paper, we introduce a nonconforming...