The worry about the indiscriminate use of terms cypsela and achene for fruits Asteraceae has been frequently detached by specialists in this family. present work was developed aiming to verify existence arguments justify adoption a term against other. After historical anatomical analysis, we concluded that there is technical basis consider as different types fruits. For Asteraceae, correct call cypsela; achenes are only derived from superior ovaries, Plumbaginaceae.

Ageratum has a complex circumscription, and recent studies have indicated its polyphyletism. The genus been placed in the tribe Eupatorieae whose embryology is not fully known. Embryological data are conservative important indicators of phylogenetic relationships can improve family relationships. This study presents, for first time Eupatorieae, embryological conyzoides A. fastigiatum. Both species common features such as unitegmic anatropous ovule, basal placentation, secretory tapetum,...

Heterocoma is a Brazilian endemic genus resulting from the dismemberment of Sipolisiinae, in which only representatives with fruit containing phytomelanin were included genus. As fruits Asteraceae are known to be systematically important at various taxonomic levels and has not been described previously, we studied morphology anatomy cypselas all species genus, comparing them other family evaluating systematic potential specific tribal levels. The analysed by scanning electron microscopy...

Abstract Cassia is a diverse legume genus widespread in the (sub-)tropical zone of world. Several studies have been done on this genus; however, significant changes occurred at taxonomic level over years. This has led to inaccurate information about seed dormancy since many species are no longer included genus. Thus, our work aims investigate and update kind that occurs seeds also look into two notorious group ( C. fistula javanica ) compare myxospermous vs. non-myxospermous regarding...

In Asteraceae, subtribe Disynaphiinae comprise c. 50 species distributed among six genera, including the monotypic Acanthostyles, Campovassouria (two species), Disynaphia (16 Grazielia (ten Raulinoreitzia (three species) and Symphyopappus (14 species). a recent phylogenetic analysis, were shown to be non-monophyletic; achieve monophyly, D. praeficta would need excluded, Neocabreria malacophylla, N. serrulata (Critoiinae) Radlkoferotoma cistifolium (Ageratinae) included. However, there is no...

We examined the embryological development of anthers and ovules from Astraea ( A . lobata praetervisa ) Croton C floribundus , fuscescens glandulosus lundianus piptocalyx urucurana triqueter focusing on features with systematic significance for group. Some these are common in Euphorbiaceae including: a dicotyledonous type anther wall formation, secretory tapetum, mixed origin outer ovule integument, an epidermal inner occurrence many archesporial cells inside megagametophyte Polygonum ‐type....

Asteraceae are one of the largest families angiosperms and comprise > 1700 genera 24000 species currently in 13 subfamilies. However, despite recent continuous improvement regarding their classification, little is known about embryological diversity, especially some early-diverging subfamilies including Stifftioideae Wunderlichioideae. These were previously considered to be similar, sharing several external features such as anther appendages, pollen grains, pappus bristles cypsela trichomes....

Several angiosperm families have myxodiaspory, such as the Asteraceae in which cypselae are frequently wind-dispersed. The roles of mucilage remain misunderstood, and route water uptake from substrate to embryo remains unknown. In this work, we analyze fruits Emilia fosbergii aiming clarify how is absorbed structure pericarp can be related processes diaspore adhesion seed imbibition.The anatomy ultrastructure were analyzed with histochemical tests light, scanning transmission electron...

Two new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) endemic to campos rupestres in Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil, are described, illustrated and compared with their putative relatives. rugosa sp. nov. is similar M. minutiflora martiana by having fastigiate branches, ascending, lanceolate or oblanceolate leaves obtuse apex, attenuate base entire margin, flower short pedicels (1−2 mm long), magenta petals, dimorphic stamens. further characterized wrinkled surface hypanthium sepals, both leaf...

Phytomelanin is a mechanically hard, blackish, and inert substance rarely found in plants. In Asteraceae, this was historically associated with the Heliantheae alliance, but recent studies have observed it unrelated groups as Heterocoma Wunderlichia. During taxonomic investigation, we phytomelanin cypselae of Lychnophora salicifolia an unusual feature Vernonieae previously only Heterocoma. Furthermore, fills intercellular spaces sclerenchymatic outer mesocarp L. salicifolia. Our results...

Heterocarpy occurs when a plant produces fruits of more than one distinct shape. This phenomenon may result in different dispersion, dormancy, and germination, enabling survival diverse environmental conditions. is common Asteraceae, its most extreme examples Heterocypsela H.Rob. However, the difference between outer inner cypselae can be originated from developmental stage. Even with doubts, heterocarpy applied to circumscribe Heterocypsela, Allocephalus Bringel, J.N.Nakaj. & H.Rob.,...

According to the literature, seeds of Chamaecrista lack pleurograms and have pitted testas aligned in vertical lines. Preliminary observations revealed that these small structures consist superficial alterations testa are coloured differently rest seed coat stand out as pits. However, no anatomical inspection has yet determined precise composition The present work examined morphology, surface micromorphology, anatomy, histochemistry mature C. desvauxii var. latistipula, flexuosa, nictitans...

Abstract— During a field expedition to the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, we found new species of Fritzschia , genus endemic campos rupestres from Espinhaço Range. cordifolia has cordate and succulent leaves with an apical gland, petals glandular-ciliate margin, campanulate hypanthium, antesepalous stamens ventral appendages deltoid lobes. The presence seeds crested testa is reported here for first time in Fritzschia. A description illustration provided, as well its conservation...

A structure called the pleurogram makes up a large part of seed coat some species in subfamilies Caesalpinioideae and Mimosoideae Fabaceae, but little is known about its function. It has been hypothesized that this acts as hygroscopic valve during maturation drying seeds. However, new hypothesis recently emerged proposes distinct function for pleurogram.Here, we provide an overview pleurogram, which diverse complex. This can be dislodged, thereby creating pathway water entry into...

Estudos estruturais sobre carpelos são raros, embora de grande importância como subsídios para análises taxonômicas e filogenéticas. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo analisar morfoanatomicamente os seis espécies da subtribo Cassiinae, grupo em que a literatura tem registrado significativa diversidade estrutural carpelar, analisando-os sob ponto vista evolutivo. Para tanto, flores antese foram fixados processados segundo as técnicas inclusão metacrilato. Apesar diferenças...

Abstract— Microlicia longirostrata (Melastomataceae), a new species from Goiás, is described and illustrated, discussion on leaf anatomy also provided. The resembles M . consimilis psammophila , but differs them in having an indumentum with both short-stalked, spherical, glandular trichomes long-stalked, emergences, polysporangiate anthers antesepalous stamens very long beak (2‐2.5 mm long), annular collenchyma the adaxial region of midrib.

Abstract— The new species Microlicia arenaria , M. dentisepala and membranacea are described from the Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. is a cespitose subshrub with xylopodium, fastigiate branches, forming clumps, sessile leaves, linear lamina, hypanthium sepals covered golden spherical glands. In addition, it has dimorphic bicolored stamens tetrasporangiate anthers. or shrub habit, erect much branched, its leaves small, varnished in appearance, both surfaces triangular to...