Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can be of natural and anthropogenic origin is one the sulfur compounds present in atmosphere. Among sources, volcanoes contribute with relevant annual outputs, major eruptions lead to spikes these outputs. In case pollution, SO2 emissions are mostly correlated content fuels, which has been focus specific emission mitigation policies for decades. Following other examples cyclic multi-year evaluations, an analysis on at Lamezia Terme (code: LMT) WMO/GAW (World...

The central Mediterranean and nearby regions were affected by extreme wildfires during the summer of 2021. During crisis, Türkiye, Greece, Italy, other countries faced numerous challenges ranging from near-complete destruction landscapes to human losses. crisis also resulted in reduced air quality levels due increased emissions pollutants linked biomass-burning processes. In Basin, observation sites perform continuous measurements chemical meteorological parameters meant track evaluate...

In Southern Mediterranean regions, the issue of summer fires related to agriculture practices is a periodic recurrence. It implies significant increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and other combustion-related gaseous particles compounds emitted into atmosphere with potential impacts on air quality global climate. this work, we performed an analysis fire events that occurred August 2021. Measurements were carried out at permanent World Meteorological Organization (WMO)/Global Atmosphere...

Due to its high short-term global warming potential (GWP) compared carbon dioxide, methane (CH4) is a considerable agent of climate change. This research aimed at analyzing data on gathered the GAW (Global Atmosphere Watch) station Lamezia Terme (Calabria, Southern Italy) spanning seven years continuous measurements (2016-2022) and integrating results with key meteorological data. Compared previous studies detected mole fractions same station, daily-to-yearly patterns have become more...

In 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak led many countries across globe to introduce lockdowns (LDs) that effectively caused most anthropic activities either stop completely or be significantly reduced. Europe, Italy played a pioneeristic role via early introduction of strict nationwide LD on March 9th. This study was aimed at evaluating, using both chemical and meteorological data, environmental response occurrence as observed by Lamezia Terme (LMT) GAW/WMO station in Calabria, Southern Italy. The...

Since 2015, the permanent World Meteorological Organization/Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO/GAW) station of Lamezia Terme (LMT) in Calabria, Southern Italy, has been performing continuous measurements atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs). As a coastal monitoring station, LMT allowed data gathering carbon dioxide (CO2), monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) mole fractions region characterized by Mediterranean climate. This work aims to test adoption three different methods selection observations...

In the field of Atmospheric Sciences, source apportionment and a more detailed understanding local remote contributions to observed concentrations greenhouse gases (GHGs) across international networks, such as World Meteorological Organization—Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO/GAW), can be achieved via implementation new atmospheric tracers. One tool for achieving precise GHG emissions is evaluation air mass aging indicators, which serve proximity indicators. this study, ratio between ozone (O3)...

A field campaign was performed simultaneously at five measurement sites, having different characteristics, to characterize the spatial distribution of carbonaceous content in atmospheric aerosol Southern Italy during winter season. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental (EC) were measured urban (Naples), suburban (Lecce), coastal/marine (Lamezia Terme Capo Granitola), remote (Monte Curcio) locations. OC EC mass concentrations quantified by thermal-optical transmission (TOT) method, 24-h PM10...

The key towards a sustainable future is the reduction of mankind’s impact on natural systems via development new technologies and improvement source apportionment. Though days, years seasons are arbitrarily set, their mechanisms based cycles driven by Earth’s orbital periods. This not case for weeks, which pure anthropic category known from literature to influence emission cycles. For first time since it started data gathering operations, CO (carbon monoxide), CO2...

Unlike stratospheric ozone (O3), which is beneficial for Earth due to its capacity screen the surface from solar ultraviolet radiation, tropospheric poses a number of health and environmental issues. It has multiple effects that drive anthropogenic climate change, ranging pure radiative forcing reduction carbon sequestration potential in plants. In central Mediterranean, itself represents hotspot studies, multi-year data on have been analyzed at Lamezia Terme (LMT) WMO/GAW coastal...

The Mediterranean area is a climate-change hotspot because of the natural and anthropogenic pollution pressure. presence aerosols, such as dust, influences solar radiation contributes to detection, in storm episodes, significant concentrations PM10 Southern Italy, where generally fresh clean air due local circulation, particulate matter are very low. We present results medium-term observations (2015–2019) at Lamezia Terme GAW (Global Atmospheric Watch) Regional Observatory, with purpose...

One of the keys towards sustainable policies and advanced air quality monitoring is detailed assessment all factors that affect surface concentrations greenhouse gases aerosols. While development new atmospheric tracers can pinpoint emission sources, atmosphere itself plays a relevant role even at local scales: its dynamics increase, or reduce, pollutants harmful for human health environment. Peplosphere, PBL (Planetary Boundary Layer), variability known to such concentrations. In this...

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can be of natural and anthropogenic origin is one the sulfur compounds present in atmosphere. Among sources, volcanoes contribute with relevant annual outputs, major eruptions lead to spikes these outputs. In case pollution, SO2 emissions are mostly correlated content fuels, which has been focus specific emission mitigation policies for decades. Following other examples cyclic multi-year evaluations, an analysis at Lamezia Terme (code: LMT) WMO/GAW (World Meteorological...

Source apportionment and a more detailed understanding of local remote contributions to the concentrations greenhouse gases (GHGs) observed across WMO/GAW (World Meteorological Organization – Global Atmosphere Watch) stations can be achieved via proximity indicators implementation new atmospheric tracers. In this study, ratio between ozone (O3) nitrogen oxides (NOx) is applied nine continuous years (2015-2023) measurements at Lamezia Terme (LMT) observation site in Calabria, Southern Italy...

Accurate near-surface wind speed and direction measurements are crucial for validating atmospheric models, especially the purpose of adequately assessing interactions between surface wind, which in turn results characteristic vertical profiles. Coastal regions pose unique challenges due to discontinuity land sea complex interplay stability, topography, boundary/layer dynamics. This study focuses on a database profiles collected over several years at World Meteorological Organization—Global...

Accurate near-surface wind speed and direction measurements are crucial for validating atmospheric models, especially the purpose adequately assessing interactions between surface wind, which in turn results characteristic vertical profiles. Coastal regions pose unique challenges due to discontinuity land sea complex interplay of stability, topography, boundary-layer dynamics. This study focuses on a database profiles collected over several years at World Meteorological Organization...

We present a characterization of reactive gases (RG: O3, NO, NO2,SO2, CO) and methane (CH4) variability in the central Mediterranean basin,analyzing situ measurements at three new permanent WMO/GAW Observatories Southern Italy: Capo Granitola – CGR (Sicily), Lamezia Terme LMT (Calabria) Lecce ECO (Apulia). At all measurement sites, combination breeze wind system (especially LMT),PBL dynamics, anthropogenic/natural emissions, photochemistry lead appearance well-defined diurnal cycles for...

The key towards a sustainable future is the reduction of mankind’s impact on natural systems via development new technologies and improvement source apportionment. Though days, years seasons are arbitrarily set, their mechanisms based cycles driven by Earth’s orbital periods. This not case for weeks, which pure anthropic category known from literature to influence emission cycles. For first time since it started data gathering operations, CO (carbon monoxide), CO2...

In this work, results of scattering and backscattering coefficients, Ångström exponent (SAE), single albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter (g) atmospheric aerosols are presented. All these parameters were measured during the month April 2016 in Southern Italy on three different Global Atmosphere Watch observatories Central Mediterranean. This is first time, to our knowledge, that optical aerosol properties studied at same even if a brief intensive measurement campaign, sites South Italy. order...

During the new coronavirus infection outbreak, application of strict containment measures entailed a decrease in most human activities, with consequent reduction anthropogenic emissions into atmosphere. In this study, impact lockdown on atmospheric particle number concentrations and size distributions is investigated two different sites Southern Italy: Lecce Lamezia Terme, regional stations GAW/ACTRIS networks. The effects restrictions are quantified by comparing submicron concentrations,...

Abstract. In this work, new particle formation events (NPFs) occurring at two locations in southern Italy, the urban background site of Lecce (ECO station) and coastal Lamezia Terme (LMT station), are identified analyzed. The study aims to compare properties NPF sites, located 225 km away from each other characterized by marked differences terms emission sources local weather dynamics. Continuous measurements number size distributions, range 10 800 m, were performed both sites a mobility...