A5102825573- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Skin Protection and Aging
- Agricultural safety and regulations
- Chemical Safety and Risk Management
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Safety Warnings and Signage
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Mast cells and histamine
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
Renishaw (United Kingdom)
2021-2023
University of Bedfordshire
2010-2021
Unilever (United Kingdom)
2001-2017
21c Consultancy (United Kingdom)
2009-2014
St Thomas' Hospital
1998-2011
BASF (Germany)
2011
St John's Hospital
2006-2010
Liverpool John Moores University
2007
Procter & Gamble (United States)
1999-2007
European Commission
2007
The goal of eliminating animal testing in the predictive identification chemicals with intrinsic ability to cause skin sensitization is an important target, attainment which has recently been brought into even sharper relief by EU Cosmetics Directive and requirements REACH legislation. Development alternative methods requires that used evaluate validate novel approaches comprise not only confirmed sensitizers non-sensitizers but also substances span full chemical mechanistic spectrum...
Within the toxicology community, considerable effort is directed toward development of alternative methods for skin sensitization testing. The availability high-quality, relevant, and reliable in vivo data regarding essential effective evaluation methodologies. Ideally, derived from humans would be most appropriate source because test are attempting to predict a toxicologic effect humans. Unfortunately, insufficient human necessary quality available, so it rely on best available animal data....
Effective risk assessment and management of allergic contact dermatitis require three key factors: adequate hazard identification, measurement the relative potency identified hazards an understanding nature, extent duration exposure. Suitable methods for such as murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) guinea-pig maximization test, are well established conditions human exposure normally can be anticipated. Thus, need is a robust quantitative method estimation skin sensitizing potency. One...
The effective toxicological evaluation of skin sensitization demands that potential contact allergens are identified and the likely risks among exposed populations assessed. By definition, chemicals which possess property potentially capable causing allergic dermatitis (ACD) in humans. However, this hazard is not an all-or-none phenomenon; clear dose-response relationships can be discerned thresholds for both induction elicitation dermatitis. Commonly, these parameters grouped under heading...
Development, evaluation and validation of alternatives to skin sensitisation testing require the availability reliable databases with which comparative analyses can be conducted establish performance characteristics. To facilitate this we have published previously a database comprising results from local lymph node assays (LLNAs) 211 chemicals. That embraced substantial range chemistry, relative sensitising potency, has found application in assessment new or refined methods.In paper describe...
Current approaches to skin sensitisation risk assessment are dependent upon the availability of information regarding two fundamental parameters. Firstly, data relating relative sensitising potency chemical, and secondly, likely conditions human exposure. During past decades, much has been achieved in terms refining methods capable informing these For example, development local lymph node assay (LLNA) made it possible predict hazard, determine potency, a way that was not previously. Taken...
1. Cytochalasin B inhibits glucose transfer in human red cells. With exit the inhibition is typically non‐competitive, but hexose exchange competitively inhibited. 2. At 16 degrees C inhibitory constant for of 3‐O‐methyl estimated at 1.1 X 10(‐7) M while that 5.0 M. 3. Uptake labelled includes a saturable component which when correlated with corresponds to maximal binding ca. 2.4 10(5) molecules per cell. 4. The kinetic parameters are compared those maltose (a competitive inhibitor acting on...