The gymnophthalmid semi-aquatic lizards of the genus Echinosaura have been subject to taxonomic scrutiny in recent years. Here, we combine previously available and new morphological phylogenetic evidence describe a species formerly known under name E. palmeri. Our results are consistent with previous hypotheses recover an overlooked evolutionary lineage which is both morphologically genetically different from other ones currently recognized within genus. This diagnosable based on external...

Recently, a taxonomic work was published concerning the existence of new cryptic species green anaconda. The authors justified recognition phylogenetic lineage as species, which they named Eunectes akayima, based on genetic and geographical distribution differences. Regardless whether evidence provided to justify this is sufficient, article in question violates fundamental aspects International Code Zoological Nomenclature, such principle priority rules for designation lectotypes....

Abstract The family Gymnophthalmidae is a highly diverse Neotropical lizard clade. Although multiple phylogenetic and taxonomic studies have reshaped our understanding of gymnophthalmid systematics diversity, many groups remain understudied. This the case for cercosaurine genus Echinosaura, which includes eight species small riparian lizards distributed across lower Central America northern South America. Here, we present comprehensive analysis including DNA data all first time. To...

Abstract Macroevolutionary analyses can identify patterns associated with the origin and diversification of species. Here, we gathered currently available genetic morphological information to explore dynamics in a highly diverse family squamate lizards, Gymnophthalmidae. We downloaded GenBank data for four markers (12S, 16S, ND4, c-mos) generated dated phylogenetic hypothesis use as an operational framework. Using our time-calibrated tree, conducted Bayesian analysis macroevolutionary...

Abstract Conflicts between rural people and the Endangered Black-and-chestnut Eagle ( Spizaetus isidori ) are a prominent conservation concern in northern Andes, as at least 60 eagles were poached 2000 2022 response to poultry predation. Here, we conducted direct observations analyze diet evaluated how forest cover affects feeding habits of species during nestling-rearing periods 16 nests located different human-transformed Andean landscapes Ecuador Colombia. We analyzed 853 prey items (46...

Abstract Gymnophthalmids are a diverse lineage of Neotropical lizards that present challenges in the understanding their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history. Using densely sampled phylogeny distribution data, we investigated biogeography at family level. Dividing South Central America into 12 regions, tested six models considering dispersal-extinction, vicariance, founder events. Our analysis revealed high taxonomic endemism Andes, Amazon, Guiana Shield. The best-fit model...

Abstract Aim Our aim is to document the dimensions of current squamate reptile biodiversity in Americas by integrating taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional data, assessing how this may vary across scales. We also explore potential underlying mechanisms that be responsible for observed geographical diversity patterns. Location The Americas. Time period Present. Major taxa Squamate reptiles. Methods used published data on distribution, phylogeny, body size reptiles their alpha overlapped...

The Indo-Pacific Gecko, Hemidactylus garnotii Duméril & Bibron, 1836, is a species of house gecko native to Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands. As with many its congeners, this has been accidentally introduced other parts the world. In January 2018, several photographs “ H. frenatus ” from Colombia posted in iNaturalist.org, were noticed have some morphological features related . This discrepancy led us inspect museum specimens confirm presence for more than decade Colombia.

In the last decade, understanding of Neotropical lizards family Gymnophthalmidae has changed dramatically with recognition several new genera, resolution non-monophyly, definition previously unknown lineages and refined biogeographic hypotheses. Recent field explorations on northern Cordillera Central in Colombia uncovered two undescribed species that cannot be assigned to any currently recognized gymnophthalmid genus. Based a molecular phylogenetic analysis combined morphological genetic...

Despite being one of the most biodiverse countries in world, inclusion and representativeness samples from Colombia taxonomic systematic studies are still low herpetological literature. Currently, there 80 collections Colombia, which house more than 214 000 specimens with wide geographic coverage extensive metadata. Here, I review main literature Neotropics for last 20 years, to explore Colombian studies. also compile data available collections, provide a picture its current status. found...

Abstract Motivation Today, the large amount and availability of phylogenetic data have allowed exploration different types patterns at various evolutionary spatial scales. However, calculation some metrics used for this purpose can be computationally demanding complex, such as those related to diversification rates. Therefore, existence a database that provides information streamline process. It also makes science fairer more accessible without access great computational power or advanced...

Although Colombia is perceived as one of the most diverse countries in reptiles, distribution many microteiid lizards Alopoglossidae and Gymnophthalmidae families still poorly known. This particularly true for those species cis-Andean regions, part due to remoteness or socio-political issues within some these territories. In order elucidate diversity microteiids Colombia, this study we present a review based on examination specimens deposited reptile collection at Instituto de Investigacin...

Aquatic species are among the least studied groups of snakes in Colombia. This is mainly due to their ecology, which makes some difficult survey, resulting mostly fortuitous encounters. Within this group genus Tretanorhinus, for there records two Colombia, T. mocquardi and taeniatus, along with a possible third one, nigroluteus. The presence nigroluteus Colombia has been problematic, since based on misidentifications incomplete information. Here we extend distribution Pacific region discuss...

Morunasaurus is a genus of Neotropical iguanid lizards the family Hoplocercidae, inhabiting Central and northwestern South America. Their phylogenetic relationships are not completely clear but being presumably paraphyletic. Its type species, M. groi, very rare, known only from two single localities handful specimens. Here I report new occurrence this species for Colombia, which constitutes southeastern record to date, extending range by about 175 km 510 m altitudinally. Additionally,...

El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una revisión y recopilación la normativa acerca tenencia diferentes tipos animales en Colombia, así como un análisis comparativo entre los términos doméstico, silvestre exótico presentes legislación conceptos biológicos para las mismas nociones. Se encontró que algunas definiciones existentes son generales pueden ocasionar problemas interpretación al momento aplicar normatividad. Colombia país con materia fauna ha priorizado protección especies...