A5010282852- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Gut microbiota and health
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Forest Management and Policy
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Climate Change and Geoengineering
Imperial College London
2020-2025
Utah State University
2017-2024
University of Minnesota
2015-2019
The University of Texas at Austin
2012-2017
Higher University of San Andrés
2016
University of California, Davis
2016
IPB University
2016
Ecologie & Evolution
2013-2015
Twin Cities Orthopedics
2015
The availability of nitrogen (N) is a critical control on the cycling and storage soil carbon (C). Yet, there are conflicting conceptual models to explain how N influences decomposition organic matter by microbial communities. Several lines evidence suggest that limits decomposition; earliest stages leaf litter decay associated with net import from environment, both observations show high decomposes more rapidly. In direct contrast these findings, experimental additions inorganic soils...
Abstract The carbon use efficiency ( CUE ) of microbial communities partitions the flow C from primary producers to atmosphere, decomposer food webs, and soil stores. , usually defined as ratio growth assimilation, is a critical parameter in ecosystem models, but seldom measured directly soils because methodological difficulty measuring situ rates respiration. Alternatively, can be estimated indirectly elemental stoichiometry organic matter biomass, ratios nutrient‐acquiring ecoenzymatic...
Seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) are located in regions with alternating wet and seasons, seasons that last several months or more. By the end of 21st century, climate models predict substantial changes rainfall regimes across these regions, but little is known about how individuals, species, communities SDTF will cope hotter, drier conditions predicted by models. In this review, we explore different scenarios may result ecological drought through lens two alternative hypotheses: 1) be...
Ecosystem carbon losses from soil microbial respiration are a key component of global cycling, resulting in the transfer 40-70 Pg to atmosphere each year. Because these processes can feed back climate change, understanding responses environmental factors is necessary for improved projections. We focus on moisture, which remain unresolved ecosystem models. A common assumption large-scale models that microorganisms respond moisture same way, regardless location or climate. Here, we show...
The severe consequences of human disruptions to the global carbon cycle have prompted intense interest in strategies reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Because growing forests capture their biomass and soils, large-scale tree planting efforts been advertised as a viable way counteract anthropogenic emissions part net-zero emission strategies. Here, we assess potential impact reforestation afforestation on climate system, identify ecological, economic, societal implications such efforts.
Abstract Soil moisture constrains the activity of decomposer soil microorganisms, and in turn rate at which carbon returns to atmosphere. While increases are generally associated with increased microbial activity, historical climate may constrain current responses moisture. However, it is not known if variation shape magnitude functional can be predicted from regional scales. To address this problem, we measured enzyme 12 sites across a broad gradient spanning 442–887 mm mean annual...
Soils represent the largest terrestrial reservoir of organic carbon, and balance between soil carbon (SOC) formation loss will drive powerful carbon-climate feedbacks over coming century. To date, efforts to predict SOC dynamics have rested on pool-based models, which assume classes with internally homogenous physicochemical properties. However, emerging evidence suggests that turnover is not dominantly controlled by chemistry inputs, but rather restrictions microbial access matter in...
Modern conceptual models of soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling focus heavily on the microbe-mineral interactions that regulate C stabilization. However, formation 'stable' (i.e. slowly cycling) matter, which consists mainly microbial residues associated with mineral surfaces, is inextricably linked to loss through respiration. Therefore, what net impact metabolism total quantity held in soil? To address this question, we constructed artificial root-soil systems identify controls across...
Rates of ecosystem nitrogen (N) cycling may be mediated by the presence ectomycorrhizal fungi, which compete directly with free-living microbes for N. In regenerating tropical dry forests Central America, distribution trees is affected succession and soil parent material, both exert independent influence over N fluxes. order to quantify these interacting controls, we used a scale-explicit sampling strategy examine at scales ranging from microsite level. We measured fungal community...
Censuses of tropical forest plots reveal large variation in biomass and plant composition. This paper evaluates whether such can emerge solely from realistic a set commonly measured soil chemical physical properties. Controlled simulations were performed using mechanistic model that includes dynamics, microbe-mediated biogeochemistry, competition for nitrogen phosphorus. Observations 18 inventory Guanacaste, Costa Rica used to determine In secondary succession, the across-plot range reached...
Abstract The size of the terrestrial carbon (C) sink is mediated by availability nutrients that limit plant growth. However, nutrient controls on primary productivity are poorly understood in geographically extensive yet understudied tropical dry forest biome. To examine how influence above‐ and belowground biomass production a secondary, seasonally forest, we conducted replicated, fully factorial nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) fertilization experiment at stand scale Guanacaste, Costa Rica....
Summary Leaf habit has been hypothesized to define a linkage between the slow‐fast plant economic spectrum and drought resistance‐avoidance trade‐off in tropical forests (‘slow‐safe vs fast‐risky’). However, variation hydraulic traits as function of leaf rarely explored for large number species. We sampled branch functional 97 dry forest tree species from four sites investigate whether patterns trait varied consistently relation along ‘slow‐safe fast‐risky’ trade‐off. explained 0% 43.69%...
Tropical dry forests are already undergoing changes in the quantity and timing of rainfall, but there is great uncertainty over how these shifts will affect belowground carbon (C) cycling. While it has long been known that soils quickly release dioxide (CO2) upon rewetting, mechanisms underlying so-called 'Birch effect' still debated. Here, we quantified soil respiration pulses their biotic predictors response to simulated precipitation events a regenerating tropical forest Costa Rica. We...
<title>Abstract</title> Limiting future warming requires both drastic reductions in carbon emissions, and removal of past emissions from the atmosphere. Socioeconomic biophysical limits on efficacy nature-based dioxide removals (such as reforestation) mean that natural sequestration capacity forests should be maximized, wherever reforestation is implemented. Here we report a large-scale (11.5 ha) field trial testing co-deployment two strategies to increase forest capture: modification soil...
Tree species in tropical dry forests employ a wide range of strategies to cope with seasonal drought, including regulation hydraulic function. However, it is uncertain if co-occurring lianas also possess diversity strategies. For taxonomically diverse group 14 tree and 7 liana species, we measured morphological functional traits during an unusual drought under non-drought conditions determine (i) trees have different water-use than (ii) relationships among these can be used better understand...
Humans have more than doubled inputs of reactive nitrogen globally and greatly accelerated the biogeochemical cycles phosphorus metals. However, impacts increased element mobility on tropical ecosystems remain poorly quantified, particularly for vast dry forest biome. Tropical forests are characterized by marked seasonality, relatively little precipitation, high heterogeneity in plant functional diversity soil chemistry. For these reasons, nutrient deposition may affect differently wet or...
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is emerging as a promising scalable carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy. However, the lack of methods for in situ quantification currently limits ability to monitor, verify, and report CDR via ERW. Given technical challenges durable sequestration heterogeneous ecosystems where ERW applicable, accurate reliable validation essential. Therefore, we propose novel aqueous-phase extraction approach, centrifugation pore water sampling method, obtain analyse soil...