An imide-functionalized material, poly(oxyethylene)-segmented polymer, was synthesized from the reaction of poly(oxyethylene)diamine 2000 g mol−1Mw and 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride used to disperse hybrid nanomaterials platinum nanoparticles multi-wall carbon nanotubes (PtNP/MWCNT). The composite material spin-coated into film further prepared as counter electrode (PtNP/MWCNT-CE) for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). short-circuit current density (JSC) power-conversion efficiency (η) DSSC...

A zero voltage switching DC/DC converter is presented, which gives a stable output and high circuit efficiency. In the adopted converter, full-bridge inverter with phase-shift PWM technique used to achieve for active power switches regulate voltage. To increase efficiency at transformer secondary side, current doubler rectifier property of one diode conduction drop, frequency doubling in capacitor low rating winding are circuit. The detailed operation, mathematical analysis design example...

Nanographite/polyaniline (NG/PANI) composite films were developed and characterized, the performances of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) employing these as counter electrode (CE) evaluated in this study. The nanographite/aniline (NG/ANI) particle was firstly synthesized by a reflux method served monomer for electro-polymerization NG/PANI films. surface modification NG ANI confirmed EDX mapping, TEM image, zeta-potential, UV-Vis absorption measurements. electro-polymerized characterized...

A hybrid of polymer-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was utilized in networking with the conventional composition gel electrolyte dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) to purposely enhance cell efficiency. The requisite polymer as dispersant is structurally tailored for its functionalities consisting poly(oxyethylene)-segmented amides and imides. existence multi-functional first de-bundling originally aggregated MWCNT subsequently electrolyte, poly(vinylidene...

Hollow spherical polyaniline (hsPANI) particles are synthesized and deposited on an ITO/glass substrate to prepare a counter electrode (designated as hsPANI-CE) for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The structure crystallization of the hsPANI characterized by using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field-emission scanning (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra. A power-conversion efficiency (η) 6.84% is obtained DSSC...

A platinum nanoparticle/multi-wall carbon nanotube (PtNP/MWCNT) hybrid counter electrode (CE) based on a flexible substrate, Ti foil, was prepared for high performance dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) via facile fabricating route. This nanohybrid CE established by using requisite homemade dispersant, consisting of poly(oxyethylene) segment and imide linkage functionalities. MWCNTs were well suspended in an ethanol/water solution the presence copolymer dispersant PtNPs. The containing...

A step-up converter is presented, which combines the KY and traditional buck-boost converter. By doing so, limitations on voltage conversion ratio of converter, up to two, can be improved. Aside from this, such a possesses non-pulsating output current, thereby not only decreasing current stress capacitor but also reducing ripple.

Abstract Asymmetric light reflectance associated with localized surface plasmons excited in metal nanoparticles on a quartz substrate is observed and analyzed. This phenomenon explained by the superposition of two waves, wave reflected air/quartz interface that resulting interference effects. Far field behavior investigation suggests zero reflection can be achieved optimizing density nanoparticles. Near coupling efficiency plasmon additionally enhanced separating NPs from substrates using...

This study investigates the copyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) and waste polypropylene (PP). SS exhibited low heating value high ash content, whereas PP had a volatile content. The properties were analyzed, process, activation energy, synergistic effects, gas yield investigated using thermogravimetry combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. results showed existence three-stage synergy, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <mn>10</mn> <mi>%</mi>...

Erbium-doped silicon nanowires have been grown via a vapor transport and condensation method with ErCl3∙6H2O powder as part of the source in one step. The Er-doped exhibit room temperature photoluminescence at wavelength 1.54μm, ideal for optical communication. From I-V measurements, resistivity 4.2at.% Si was determined to be 1.5×10−2Ωcm. were found possess excellent field emission properties enhancement factor high 1260. rich variety enhanced physical exhibited by points versatile...

Flexible polymer films with high electrical conductivity were prepared through a simple coating of well-dispersed silver nanoparticle (AgNP) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) solution. The hybrid film surface resistance as low 1 × 10(-2) Ω/sq was by controlling the annealing temperature in air using suitable composition nitrate/CNT/poly(oxyethylene)-oligo(imide) (POE-imide) ratio 20:1:20 weight. During heating, color changed from black to golden milky white, indicating accumulation AgNPs...

The light distribution of a light-emitting diode (LED), using remote phosphor with patterned sapphire substrate, is evaluated in this study. Three kinds substrates the phosphors, including planar (PS), partially (PPS), and fully (FPS) are prepared. LED FPS delivers much better uniformity correlated color temperature (CCT) far-field pattern than CCT obtained cases PS PPS. results majorly attributed to improvement scattering ability blue FPS; thereby increasing excitation particles comparison...

Recognizing human emotions from facial expressions is highly dependent on the quality of referred expression features. Conventional methods often suffer high computation time and serious influence environment variations. In this paper, a triangular feature extraction method based Modified Active Shape Model (MASM) proposed. This features considering interactions all features, escaping affection variations as well noisy reducing dimensions. MASM adopts same shape representation training...

A nanohybrid of platinum and carbon nanotubes (Pt/CNT) with dual functions catalytic activity conductivity was synthesized. The selection the poly(oxyethylene)-backboned polyimide dispersant essential for preparing dispersion de-bundled CNTs salts in ethanol/water. Subsequent solution casting annealing at optimized temperature 390 °C led to situ reduction formation a thin film Pt/CNT nanohybrids on glass substrate. used directly as counter electrode (CE) dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC),...

A design consideration and circuit implementation of a zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) flyback converter with synchronous rectifier are presented. To reduce the voltage spike due to transformer leakage inductance when main switch is turned off at converter, one auxiliary clamp capacitor used in adopted converter. The resonant circuit, consisting output capacitance switch, achieve ZVS operation for all switches during transition between switch. on secondary side conduction losses further...