In urban areas, engineers often need to assess tunnelling-induced displacements of piled structures and the resulting potential for damage. This paper presents an elastic study tunnel-pile-structure interaction through Winkler-based Two-Stage Analysis Methods (TSAMs), focusing on structural from tunnel excavation beneath frames or simple equivalent beams. Comparison results with 3D finite element analyses shows that TSAM models are able provide a good assessment building displacements....

Tunnel construction is vital for the development of urban infrastructure systems throughout world. An understanding tunnelling-induced displacements needed to evaluate impact tunnel on existing structures. Recent research has provided insight into complex mechanisms that control ground movements in sands; however, combined influence relative depth and soil density not been described. This paper presents data from a series 15 plane-strain centrifuge tests dry sand. The cover-to-diameter...

Tunneling beneath piled structures may compromise the stability and serviceability of structure. The assessment potential structure damage is a problem being faced by engineers across globe. This paper presents outcomes series geotechnical centrifuge experiments designed to simulate effect excavating tunnel structures. stiffness weight effects are examined independently using aluminum plates varying (equivalent beam approach) addition weights supported piles. Greenfield displacement patterns...

Empirical formulas and closed-form solutions provide, in many cases, good predictions of tunnelling-induced ground movements which, when combined with their computational efficiency, make them valuable for tunnel-structure interaction analyses. For sandy soils, however, there is a shortage available methods that can adequately describe the changes soil deformation patterns occur as result tunnel volume loss, relative density, geometrical parameters. In this paper, two approaches are adopted...

Tunnels are constructed increasingly close to existing buried structures, including pile foundations. This poses serious concerns, especially for tunnels built beneath piles. Current understanding of the global tunnel–soil–pile–building interaction effects is lacking, which leads designs that may be overly conservative or adoption expensive measures protect buildings. paper presents outcomes from 24 geotechnical centrifuge tests aim investigate salient mechanisms govern piled building...

In this paper, an elastoplastic two-stage analysis method is proposed to model tunneling-induced soil-structure interaction and incorporated into a computer program called Analysis of Structural Response Excavation (ASRE). This solution allows considering both vertical horizontal greenfield ground movements, gap formation slippage, continuous or isolated foundations, variety structural configurations loading conditions. After introducing the formulation, predictions are first compared with...

In this paper, the influence of foundation configuration (raft or separate footings) on tunnel–soil–framed building interaction is investigated using geotechnical centrifuge testing. Tunnelling-induced soil movements and deformation fields, framed displacements structure shear distortions (with associated modification factors) are illustrated. Framed stiffness footing bearing capacity also evaluated experimentally. Results show that plays an important role in determining ground response to...

This paper presents a new formulation of the problem tunnelling effects on pipelines, which incorporates tunnel kinematic constraints in tunnel–soil–pipeline interaction analysis. ‘constrained continuum formulation’ can be considered an extension original ‘two-stage’ elastic-continuum method, traditionally neglects mutual influence pipeline and vice versa. The approach retains advantage using greenfield condition as input, but it allows closed-form consideration stiffening effect soil...

This paper investigates the response of framed buildings on raft foundations to tunnel construction using geotechnical centrifuge testing. Five building models were considered, and influence configuration, weight, eccentricity, soil density evaluated. Soil foundation displacements, frame deformed shape, maximum structure deformation parameters (deflection ratios angular distortions), associated modification factors are illustrated. Results indicate that unlike equivalent isotropic plates,...

The response of pile groups and piled structures to vertical tunnelling-induced loads is studied. A two-stage model adopted that can efficiently consider external actions, greenfield tunnelling movements, superstructure stiffness, ultimate shaft base stresses, pile-soil interactions in uniform or layered soils, local soil behaviour (as either linear elastic, elastic perfectly-plastic, nonlinear). Several scenarios are analysed: namely, piles subjected loads; affected by induced ground...

In this paper, the response of buildings to tunnelling-induced ground movements is studied with elastic and elastoplastic continuum solutions that consider structure as an equivalent simple beam. A comparison made between these centrifuge test data provide insights into flexural axial building deformations low-rise bearing wall structures on strip foundations; influence openings foundation scheme beam bending stiffness also addressed. Subsequently, effects structural continuity across...

In urban areas, the construction of tunnels and deep excavations beneath near pile foundations can be detrimental for superstructure foundation. A two-stage continuum-based non-linear soil–pile interaction model is presented in this paper predicting axial flexural response piles affected by ground movements. The accounts effects near-pile (hyperbolic) soil stiffness degradation unloading effects. approach used to analyse relationship between (both displacements internal forces) greenfield...

This paper investigates the deformation of buildings due to tunneling-induced soil displacements. Centrifuge model tests three-dimensionally (3D) printed building models subject a plane-strain tunnel excavation in dense, dry sand are discussed. The small-scale structures replicate important characteristics including brittle material properties similar masonry, realistic layout, façade openings, strip footings, and rough soil-structure interface. Digital images were captured during...

Tunneling can compromise the safety and serviceability of existing buried infrastructure because settlements, crack openings, dislocations, material strains. A continuum-based soil-structure interaction model, implementing an equivalent Timoshenko beam, is used to evaluate excavation-induced settlements longitudinal deformations tunnels pipelines. Both single twin tunneling scenarios are examined. The shear flexibility shield sprayed concrete lining may be significant. This increases...

This paper presents results from geotechnical centrifuge tests of tunnelling in dry dense sand beneath loaded non-displacement piles, focusing on the effect a pile cap (representative also raft or grade beam) contact with soil surface load transfer mechanisms. Experiments included loading to ascertain foundation capacity and load–displacement response presence/absence an underlying model tunnel. Individual ‘reference’ is compared for cases without cap, including displacements distributions...

Geotechnical centrifuge models necessarily involve simplifications compared to the full-scale scenario under investigation. In particular, structural systems (e.g. buildings) generally cannot be replicated such that complex characteristics are obtained. Hybrid testing offers ability combine capabilities from physical and numerical modelling overcome some of experimental limitations. this paper, development a coupled centrifuge-numerical model (CCNM) pseudo-dynamic hybrid test for study...

When tunnelling poses excessive risks for buildings and buried foundations, a pile row barrier may shield the existing structure from ground movements. This paper presents three-dimensional linear elastic prediction method to evaluate protective action of walls against surface subsurface movements due new tunnels, both directly behind wall as well within entire ground. Analyses are carried out vertical horizontal result soil–pile interaction. New factors that quantify efficiency in reducing...

The paper compares the performance of two FEM approaches in reproducing response bare frame structures to tunneling dry dense sand. A fully coupled approach, which tunnel, frame, and soil are accounted for, is compared with a two-stage method incorporating simpler structural models. validated against centrifuge test results sand beneath frames founded on either rafts or separate footings. Both provide good estimates displacements distortions experienced by provided that soil-foundation...