We investigated the folding of rectangular stimuli-responsive hydrogel-based polymer bilayers with different aspect ratios and relative thicknesses placed on a substrate. It was found that long-side rolling dominates at high (ratio length to width) when width is comparable circumference formed tubes, which corresponds small actuation strain. Rolling from all sides occurs for higher actuation, namely considerably exceed deformed circumference. In case moderate both are circumference, diagonal...

We suggest a new approach for controlled encapsulation and release of microparticles, cells drugs using thin bilayer films thermoresponsive biodegradable polymers, which are able to form self-rolling tubes. The magnetic nanoparticles incorporated in the layer order provide microtubes sensitivity field. demonstrate reversible rolling unrolling polymer films, capture microparticles response change temperature as well manipulation particle-loaded external suggested can be successfully...

We report an approach for the fabrication of fully biodegradable self-rolled tubes based on patterned polysuccinimide/polycaprolactone bilayers. These polymers are biocompatible, biodegradable, produced industrially, and already approved biomedical purposes. Both polycaprolactone polysuccinimide hydrophobic intrinsically water-insoluble. Polysuccinimide, however, hydrolyzes in physiological buffer environment yielding water-swellable polyaspartic acid that causes rolling polymer bilayer...

Dynamic self-assembled material systems constantly consume energy to maintain their spatiotemporal structures and functions. Programmable self-assembly translates information from individual parts the collective whole. Combining dynamic programmable in a single platform opens up possibilities investigate both types of simultaneously explore synergy. This task is challenging because difficulty finding suitable interactions that are dissipative programmable. We present self-assembling system...

We discovered a new and unexpected effect of reversible actuation ultrathin semicrystalline polymer films. The principle was demonstrated on the example thin polycaprolactone-gelatin bilayer These films are unfolded at room temperature, fold temperature above polycaprolactone melting point, unfold again temperature. is based switching structure hydrophobic (polycaprolactone) upon crystallization. hypothesize that origin this behavior orientation chains parallel to surface film, which...

Self‐folding films are a unique kind of thin film. They able to deform in response change environmental conditions or internal stress and form complex 3D structures. very promising candidates for the design bioscaffolds, which resemble different kinds biological tissues. In this paper, simple cheap approach fabrication fully biodegradable biocompatible self‐rolled tubes is reported. The tubes' folding can be triggered by temperature. A bilayer used, where one component active another...

Introduction. Expanding the capabilities of a number modern technologies and improving quality their products require detailed spark plasma erosion processes control in metal granules layers (MGL). Problem. Traditional measurement exclusively electrical parameters these processes, even case multi-electrode systems, provides only general vision, not allowing monitoring individual channels. Optical methods make it possible to simultaneously have information about almost every channel MGL. The...

We have developed a novel approach for the fabrication of self-assembled porous materials with uniaxial tubular pores. The is based on use microtubes formed by stimuli-induced rolling polymer bilayers consisting hydrophobic and stimuli-responsive hydrophilic polymers. Different objects, example yeast cells, can be encapsulated inside tubes during their rolling. self-rolled filled cells are capable controlled self-assembly form homogeneously scaffold. Moreover, our allows design pores having...

We demonstrated a novel approach for the fabrication of anisotropic capsules with liquid content using biomimetic self-folding thermoresponsive polymer films. The behavior films is very similar to actuation in plants, where nonhomogenous swelling results complex movements such as twisting, bending, or folding. This allows design rodlike and dumbbell-like morphologies. found that these are able assemble into different structures, nematic-like one 3D network depending on their morphology.

Introduction. Spark-erosion processing of metals and alloys granules in working liquids is the basis a several technological processes. Efficiency energy use them parameters resulting product largely depend on accuracy stabilization regulation pulse power each plasma channel between granules. To achieve this, until now only voltage current discharge pulses entire layer have been controlled. Problem. The measurement methods, which are used, not effective enough for monitoring individual...

Плазмоэрозионный метод получения наноразмерных частиц ме

To determine if physicians trained in ultrasound interpretation perceive a difference image quality and usefulness between Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography examinations performed at bedside hospital vs. by emergency medical technicians minimally on moving ambulance transmitted to the via novel wireless system. In particular, we sought demonstrate that useful images could be obtained from patients less than optimal imaging conditions; is, while they were transport. Emergency during...

Two strategies for constructing nonlinear-probabilistic models of the equivalent electrical resistance a layer metal granules at their spark-erosion and plasma-erosion treatment algorithms implementation are presented. A method taking into account parametric properties such loads in nonlinear is described. Based on data direct experiments, distributions aluminum tap water were obtained eleven fixed values discharge current it both leading trailing edges its pulses. The features these...

УкраинаС использованием методов оптической гранулометрии изучено влияние скорости ламинарного потока этилового спирта на распределение по размерам частиц высокоуглеродистой стали, полученных в нём методом объёмного электроискрового диспергирования исходных гранул.Обнаружены и объяснены тенденции

Letters of the Optina Elders bring us to great spiritual heritage combining traditions Russian monasticism beginning from first centuries Christianization lands with those Mount Athos brought Russia by disciples St. Paisios Velichkovsky.The letters monk Makary contain many gospel images, means which Elder instructs his children.The Gospel images "grainfields", "pastures", "ewe lamb Christ", "bride Christ" and "milk" are not casual in nuns.The patristic literature distinguishes sins committed...

Asymmetry is intrinsic to natural systems and widely used by living organisms for efficient adaptation, mimicry movement. Polymer bilayers are the example of synthetic asymmetric systems, which able generate macroscopic motion fold forming different 3D objects such as tubes capsules. Similar bimetal films, polymer bilayer consist two substances with swelling properties. One non-swellable hydrophobic. Another water-swellable hydrogel. The folding, might occur in response temperature or pH,...