Mastitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria is becoming more common in both well-run and unorganized dairy farms. Coliforms are the major environmental pathogens etiology of bovine mammary infections. Among these coliforms, opportunistic pathogens, Klebsiella spp. may cause severe mastitis. was isolated from 15 (5.00%) out total 300 samples. The prevalence K. pneumoniae buffaloes farm environment 4.66% 5.33%, respectively. were recovered all type samples, viz., mastitic milk, faeces, bedding...

Field experiments were conducted during the winter season of 2003 -04 and 2004 -05 to determine the  effect mulch in relation irrigation planting method on soil temperature, weed control, baby  corn growth, water use yield. The study revealed that bed baby corn caused 34.9%  increase yield over ridge method. Plastic increased by 18.9% and  77.5% rice straw unmulched treatment respectively. Baby at level 1.2  ETc proved significantly superior 1.0 ETc 0.8 levels. further...

AbstractThe experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different locally available organic wastes like briquettes, biochar, paddy, and maize straw in combination with coco peat used as standard soilless growing media, for tomato under poly nethouse. The layout completely randomized design three replications comprising eleven treatments viz. 100% cocopeat (T1), 25% paddy + 75% (T2), 50% (T3), (T4), (T5), briquette (T6), briquettes (T7), biochar (T8), (T9), (T10), (T11) during...

A field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Precision Farming Development Centre, PAU, Ludhiana in Rabi season year 2015–2016. The potato variety Kufri Pukhraj, sown by following drip and furrow methods irrigation. Five irrigation treatments with good quality water (electrical conductivity, EC-0) four saline 2,000 mmho/cm (EC-2), 4,000 (EC-4), 6,000 (EC-6) 8,000 (EC-8) under split plot design along three replications followed. results revealed that, plant height decreased...

Abstract The decline in tropical maize productivity due to climatic vulnerability is a matter of serious concern as being food and feed/fodder commodity, it an important crop for the sustenance human life. Genetic selections development water deficit stress (WDS) tolerant commercial varieties have potential offset impact changing temperatures precipitation. For trait-specific genetic enhancement, there need understand suite adaptation strategies crop. We studied response various shoot root...


 Water scarcity has become one of the highest risks for environmental and economic security worldwide. The water footprint rice production, i.e., total volume freshwater consumed to produce a unit quantity been estimated three different agroclimatic zones Punjab years 2000 2017. results revealed that effective rainfall (Peff) improved in later due change crop calendar,legally enforced by an Act prohibiting transplanting paddy before specified date. During period study, minimum...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical element of the hydrological cycle, and its proper assessment essential for irrigation scheduling, agricultural hydro-meteorological studies, water budget estimation. It computed most applications as product reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) coefficient, notably using well-known two-step method. Accurate predictions limited meteorological inputs are in data-constrained circumstances. Due to unavailability heterogeneity broad parameters FAO PM...

Morphometry helps in understanding the behaviour of drainage characteristics with respect to various hydrological processes including infiltration, runoff, erosion and sediment transport. Morphometric analysis river basins is an essential technique study response basin topological characteristics. The basins' morphometric important prioritize watersheds for implementation soil water management strategies. In this study, lower Sutlej River have been determined using geo-spatial techniques....

A total of 300 milk samples from buffaloes were evaluated for mastitis and incidence E. coli. Overall, 157 (52.33%) positive out these isolates, 27 bacterial isolates (17.19 %) identified as All the coli tested in vitro sensitivity towards 15 antibacterial drugs. The highest resistance was attributed antibiotic Kanamycin followed by Cefotaxime, Trimethoprim, Cefotaxime + Clavulanic acid, Amoxycillin, Cefixime, Tetracycline, Ampicillin Salbactum, Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin,...

Vegetative growth parameters (crown height, petiole length, the number of leaf/plant, plant spread, total chlorophyll, fresh and dry weight), root parameter (root & weight, volume, number) fruit yield characteristics were estimated under different irrigation (I) (120, 100, 80, 60% ETc) levels, fertigation doses (F) (100, SDF) type mulches (M) (Straw mulch, Black-black, Silver-black Red-black) alone their interaction (IxM, IxF, FxM IxFxM). All vegetative improved with applied at 100% ETc...

Large-scale multiplication of quality planting material is needed to meet the huge demand in fruit crops. Little information available on effect fertigation rootstock growth, budding success, and buddling growth containerized citrus nursery. The present studies were undertaken study eight treatments viz. control (N0P0), N60, N80, N100, N0P100, N60P100, N80P100, N100P100 rough lemon subsequently budded three varieties. Among treatments, N60P100 significantly improved seedling height,...