A simple renormalization framework to carry out practical calculations in the $\mathrm{SU}{(2)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ theory is discussed. The basic counterterms associated with mass matrix of gauge bosons and their interactions quarks leptons are generated determined a straightforward manner. They can then be applied, systematic fashion, study radiative corrections various processes interest: $\ensuremath{\mu}$ decay, $\ensuremath{\beta}$...

The results of a comprehensive analysis existing data on the weak neutral current and W Z masses are presented. principal following. (a) There is no evidence for any deviation from standard model. (b) A global fit to all yields ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{\mathrm{W}}$\ensuremath{\equiv}1-${\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{W}}$${\mathrm{}}^{2}$/${\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{Z}}$${\mathrm{}}^{2}$=0.230\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0048, where this error others given here include full...

The radiative correction to the decay spectrum of polarized muons is recalculated taking into account a mistake in our previous work which was recently pointed out by Berman. revised values for $\ensuremath{\delta}$, $\ensuremath{\xi}$, and integrated asymmetries high- as well low-energy electrons have turned be practically identical with old values. $\ensuremath{\rho}$ value determined from experiments, on other hand, has increased about 1% because new correction. Thus over-all effect now...

A class of three-space-dimensional soliton solutions is given; these solitons are made scalar fields and a nontopological nature. The necessary conditions for having such (i) the conservation an additive quantum number, say $Q$, (ii) presence neutral ($Q=0$) field. It shown that there exist two critical values ${Q}_{C}$ ${Q}_{S}$, with smaller than ${Q}_{S}$. Soliton $Q>{Q}_{C}$. When $Q>{Q}_{S}$, lowest mass $<\mathrm{Qm}$, where $m$ free charged meson field; therefore, stable mechanically...

Weak corrections of order $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ to $\ensuremath{\nu}$-induced neutral-current phenomena are studied in the $\mathrm{SU}{(2)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ theory. Calculations carried out using a simple renormalization framework which ${cos\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}=\frac{{m}_{W}}{{m}_{z}}$ exactly and amplitudes expressed terms ${G}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$, universal constant weak interactions obtained from muon decay. To rigorously evaluate hadronic...

An analysis of electroweak radiative corrections to \ensuremath{\tau} decays is presented. Precise predictions for leptonic and some hadronic decay rates are given. The total width shown be relatively enhanced by 2.36% due mainly short-distance loop effects. Implications the extraction ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{\mathrm{MS}\mathrm{\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}}}$ from lifetime or branching ratios discussed. (MS\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} denotes modified minimal-subtraction scheme.)

Some general properties of the electromagnetic corrections to $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay a physical nucleon, that is, nucleon in presence strong interactions, are discussed. The aim paper is isolate and determine which independent details interactions assumptions about existence intermediate boson. method used consists essentially separating out finite gauge-invariant manner all terms order $\frac{1}{k}$ hadronic covariants, then examining other contributions. Under some plausible...

A current algebra formulation of the radiative corrections in gauge theories, with special applications to analysis universality weak interactions, is developed framework quantum chromodynamics. For definiteness, we work SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) model four quark flavors, but methods are quite general and can be applied other theories. The explicit cancellation ultraviolet divergences for arbitrary semileptonic processes achieved relying solely on Ward identities...

We consider the possibility that weak interactions---in common with all other known interactions---do in fact enjoy a left-right symmetry manifest Hamiltonian, and parity nonconservation stems from spontaneous breakdown of this symmetry. show picture is experimentally distinguishable conventional one which Hamiltonian. The implications currently available experimental results are discussed need for new decisive experiments underlined.

Radiative corrections associated with the electromagnetic field have been determined for decay of a fermion arbitrary mass into lighter one emission single boson or two other fermions; no special assumptions made about nature interaction responsible instability. The particular example muon-electron has worked through in detail. Sufficiently accurate experimental determination muon spectrum would permit observation Lamb term without vacuum polarization. Modified formulas Michel parameter...

The discrepancy between the Standard Model theory and experimental measurement of muon magnetic moment anomaly, ${a}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}=({g}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{-}2)/2$, is connected to precision electroweak (EW) predictions via their common dependence on hadronic vacuum polarization effects. same data for total ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\text{hadrons}$ cross section, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\text{had}}(s)$, are used as input into dispersion relations...

The universal radiative corrections common to neutron and super-allowed nuclear beta decays (also known as ``inner'' corrections) are revisited in light of a recent dispersion relation study that found $+2.467(22)\%$, i.e.~about $2.4\sigma$ larger than the previous evaluation. For comparison, we consider several alternative computational methods. All employ an updated perturbative QCD four-loop Bjorken sum rule (BjSR) defined coupling supplemented with nucleon form factor based Born...

Leading-logarithmic radiative corrections to \ensuremath{\beta} decay are summed via the renormalization group and structure-dependent O(\ensuremath{\alpha}) effects estimated by a form-factor analysis. These refinements reduce Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing-matrix element \ensuremath{\Vert}${V}_{\mathrm{ud}}$\ensuremath{\Vert} 0.13% 0.9729\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0012. Combined with ${K}_{e3}$-, hyperon-, b-decay constraints, this implies...

A new method for computing hadronic effects on electroweak radiative corrections to low-energy weak interaction semileptonic processes is described. It employs high order perturbative QCD results originally derived the Bjorken sum rule along with a large N QCD-motivated interpolating function that matches long and short-distance loop contributions. Applying this approach extraction of CKM matrix element V_ud from superallowed nuclear beta decays reduces theoretical uncertainty by about...

Radiative corrections to ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}_{\mathit{l}2}$ (l=e or \ensuremath{\mu}) decays are examined. Higher order electroweak leading logarithms short-distance QCD corrections, and structure dependent effects incorporated. The results employed (1) test e-\ensuremath{\mu} universality in...

We compare two previously introduced theoretical definitions of the ${\mathit{Z}}^{0}$ mass and show that one them, frequently used, is gauge dependent in O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}^{3}$) a wide class gauges O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}^{2}$) complementary class. then discuss slightly modified version circumvents these problems, endowed with desirable properties, can be identified measured at CERN ${\mathit{e}}^{+}$${\mathit{e}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ collider LEP. The simple...

Radiative corrections to the electron recoil-energy spectra and total cross sections are computed for neutrino-electron scattering by solid neutrinos. change monotonically recoil spectrum incident $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrinos, with relative probability of observing electrons being reduced about 4% at highest energies. For p-p $^{7}\mathrm{Be}$ not affected significantly. Total solar 2% compared previously values. We also calculate from $^{13}\mathrm{N}$ $^{15}\mathrm{O}$ neutrinos including...

The pinch technique (PT) is applied to obtain one-loop gauge-invariant self-energies, vertex and box diagrams in the electroweak sector of standard model. Describing interaction vector bosons with fermions terms current correlation functions, we propose directly identify parts contributions equal-time commutators relevant Ward identities. We argue that this procedure isolates are independent strong dynamics. formalism promptly leads us very simple transverse as well four-fermion processes...

Electroweak radiative corrections to the $\mathrm{SU}{(2)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ parity-violating electron-quark interaction are presented, including axial-vector isoscalar effects induced at one-loop level. Implications of our results for parity-violation searches in ordinary hydrogen, deuterium, and heavy atoms discussed.

Radiative corrections to $\ensuremath{\nu}$-induced neutral-current scattering are computed for an arbitrary $G\ensuremath{\supset}{[\mathrm{SU}(3)]}_{c}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}{[\mathrm{SU}(2)]}_{L}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\mathrm{U}(1)$. Application the Georgi-Glashow SU(5) model with a single superheavy mass leads, ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{\stackrel{-}{\mathrm{MS}}}$ (the scale of quantum chromodynamics) = 0.4 GeV, precise predictions...

Experimental studies of neutron decay, n→peν[over ¯], exhibit two anomalies. The first is a 8.6(2.1) s, roughly 4σ difference between the average beam measured lifetime, τ_{n}^{beam}=888.0(2.0) and more precise trapped ultracold determination, τ_{n}^{trap}=879.4(6) s. second 5σ pre2002 axial coupling, g_{A}, as in decay asymmetries g_{A}^{pre2002}=1.2637(21), recent, post2002, g_{A}^{post2002}=1.2755(11), where, following UCNA Collaboration division, experiments are classified by date their...