Bidirectional DC-DC power converters are increasingly employed in diverse applications whereby flow both forward and reverse directions required. These include but not limited to energy storage systems, uninterruptable supplies, electric vehicles, renewable name a few. This paper aims review these from the point of view topology as well control schemes. From topology, divided into two main categories, namely non-isolated isolated configurations. Each category is eight groups along with their...

A new transformer-less buck–boost converter is proposed, which owns a quadratic voltage gain ratio. The proposed (a) has only one active switch, makes the implementation of gate driver and control system simpler; (b) without using transformer, equips designers to obtain high-voltage ratio avoid complexity magnetic utilisations; (c) works both in step-up or step-down mode, while most existing topologies are able work either mode; (d) shares common ground between input output terminals....

Abstract A comprehensive analysis of the green hydrogen supply chain is presented in this paper, encompassing production, storage, transportation, and consumption, with a focus on application metaheuristic optimization. The challenges associated each stage are highlighted, potential optimization methods to address these discussed. primary method water electrolysis through renewable energy, outlined along importance its Various storage methods, such as compressed gas, liquid hydrogen,...

This study proposes a novel DC-DC converter topology that features quadratic buck-boost voltage gain ratio. The of the enables it to achieve superior step-down or step-up capability when duty cycle is higher lower than 50 percent, as compared conventional converters. While there exist other converters in literature, proposed offers unique such continuity input and output currents, which reduces current stress on filter capacitors, making suitable option for renewable energy applications....

The demand for green hydrogen as an energy carrier is projected to exceed 350 million tons per year by 2050, driven the need sustainable distribution and storage of generated from sources. Despite its potential, production currently faces challenges related cost efficiency, compliance, monitoring, safety. This work proposes Hydrogen 4.0, a cyber–physical approach that leverages Industry 4.0 technologies—including smart sensing, analytics, Internet Things (IoT)—to address these issues in...

In this article, an ultra-step-up dc–dc converter is presented which useful for low-voltage source applications such as fuel cells and solar photovoltaics (PVs). The proposed a quadratic boost that yields high output voltage with low-duty cycle. addition, doubler rectifier (VDR) coupled inductors are used to further increase the gain ratio. Moreover, stresses on switches very low, leading improvements in efficiency implementation cost. Due resonance operation, turn-off currents of lower than...

A high voltage ratio DC–DC converter is proposed which comprised of four stages. First, an impedance network along with a switching have been used to boost the input voltage. The boosted waveform then followed by isolation transformer provide another degree freedom and obtain higher ability. Finally, multiplier rectifier utilised rectify secondary transformer. No dead‐time required, increases reliability converter. benefits from continuous current. Besides, comparison existing step‐up...

This paper has proposed a novel transformerless high gain DC-DC converter. The combination of the Cuk and positive output super lift Luo converter (POSLL converter) formed topology recommended topology. continuous input current, low normalized value current/voltage stresses semiconductors, dimension due to less stored energy, common ground point input/output terminals, efficiency besides voltage are bold features that makes it suitable for applying in renewable applications High-intensity...

In this paper, three topologies of quadratic buck DC-DC converters were proposed that are capable reconfiguring to semi-quadratic buck-boost converters, in case an open-circuit fault their power switch. other words, with the aid graph-based circuit synthesis concepts, a topology is obtained for safe transition from one switch another, where all components maintain role contributing optimal conversion. Knowing have been proven be effective supply electrolyser as load specific characteristics...

Step-up dc-dc converters are used to boost the voltage level of input a higher output level. Despite its features such as simplicity implementation, fundamental converter has shortcomings low ability and power density. With these limitations, researches on new boosting techniques inevitable for various applications. This can be achieved either by additional magnetic or electric field storage elements with switching (switch and/or diode) in different configurations. Such combination primary...

A novel gearshift scheduling strategy has been framed for a two-speed transmission system in electric vehicles that can save energy during hilly driving and frequently changing conditions through efficient motor operation. Unlike the traditional approach, proposed is based on preferred vehicle speed range, acceleration, road grade to ensure desired performances with minimum consumption. Meanwhile, range chosen around rated speed, two schedules relation acceleration are developed torque...

Hydrogen will become a dominant energy carrier in the future and efficiency lifetime cost of its production through water electrolysis is major research focus. Alongside efforts to offer optimum solutions plant design sizing, it also necessary develop flexible virtualised replica renewable hydrogen plants, that not only models compatibility with "plug-and-play" nature many facilities, but identifies key elements for optimisation system operation. This study presents model based on real-time...

We designed and implemented a single-switch step-up DC-DC converter based on cascaded boost Luo converters. The proposed demonstrated quadratic voltage gain high efficiency, which makes it suitable for renewable energy applications, where ratio is desired without imposing number of bulky items or employing duty cycle the active switches. This benefits from continuity input current waveform, equips maximum utilisation sources. While transformer-less voltage-gain was achieved, stresses power...

Applications of the multi-input converters are becoming popular due to their conformity renewable energy systems. This paper proposes a new topology double-input boost with continuous input current, which is intended be used for power sources. The derived from two dc-dc converter configurations: and Y-source converter. In proposed converter, inputs have ability supply load simultaneously or individually. operation states inspected thoroughly an appropriate switching scheme based on features...

A novel quadratic buck-boost DC/DC converter is presented in this study. The proposed utilizes only one active switch and can step-up/down the input voltage, while existing single buck/boost converters work step-up or step-down mode. First, analyzed steady-state. Then, its performance validated using simulations MATLAB/Simulink software. Finally, an experimental prototype built for further verification.

A novel buck-boost dc-dc converter with high voltage step-up and step-down ability has been introduced in this paper. There are two switches converter, of which the sources connected together also to ground input source. Hence, there is no need for floating gate driver. In addition, stress one lower than existing quadratic converters. Performance analytical results validated using both simulation MATLAB/SIMULINK experimental tests where proposed evaluated buck boost modes.

This paper introduces a three-port DC-DC converter (TPC) designed for enhanced voltage gain applications. The TPC features two input ports, including bidirectional port the charging and discharging of battery. It incorporates switched inductor to achieve higher gains. is capable operating in four modes, one which battery-alone mode. Compared existing topologies, proposed design significantly reduces current ripple ensures common ground connection between output ports. configuration makes...

This study proposes a novel modified Cuk converter. The proposed converter attempts to resolve the limitations of conventional converters, such as voltage gain canonical Therefore, mentioned improvement has made converters more compatible for renewable energy applications. Moreover, increase in not impacted efficiency or stress switches, which is common other boosting techniques, cascading methods. Furthermore, advantages converter, continuity input current, have been maintained. average...

This paper proposes a three-parameter gearshift scheduling strategy that has been implemented on both large and small electric vehicles with two-speed transmission systems. The new evaluates vehicle performance under varying driving conditions flat hilly roads by assessing the speed, acceleration, road grade. A heuristic approach is used to develop two schedules for acceleration grade, gradient descent pattern search methods are applied optimize gear ratios primary schedules. results show...