A study is presented of a method for creating an acoustic flow sensor that generally compatible with current silicon microfabrication processes. An aim this effort to obtain design consisting minimal departure from the existing designs employed in mass-produced microphones. Because primary component all these microphones cavity behind pressure-sensing diaphragm, we begin particle velocity within planar surface. The sound caused by external plane wave traveling parallel cavity's open It shown...

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the significance of age and gender on macular retinal choroidal thicknesses (RT CT) related vascular density (VD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in a wide spectrum normal participants. Methods This was cross-sectional study 435 eyes 234 healthy children adults aged 5–97 years old who performed 3 × mm scans Optovue RTVue OCTA. Results A statistically meaningful relationship detected between layered VD RT parameters. The middle thickness...

One common approach to creating a flow sensor is fabricate sensing elements that extend perpendicularly from the substrate, which typically provides anchorage. However, this impractical due fabrication challenges, structural fragility, and integration constraints. This paper explores an alternative packaging method integrates into silicon chip for protection. Since introduces boundary conditions negatively affect performance, substrate removed modify fluid condition by transferring element...

In this reported work, surface effects and non‐local two variable refined plate theories are combined on the shear/biaxial buckling vibration of rectangular nanoplates. A silver sheet is selected as case study to investigate numerical results. Surface considered by Gurtin–Murdoch's theory. The differential quadrature method used solve governing equations. Differential solutions verified Navier's method. influences parameter investigated for various boundary conditions. Results show that...

The agricultural sector faces challenges due to climate change and the growing global population. Alkaline stress could adversely impact plant growth crop production. This stressor diminishes water quality essential for cultivation, consequently impairing overall productivity. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, may exhibit multifaceted roles in responses adverse environmental conditions. Optimization of production controlled agriculture under artificial light attracted...

In this article, finite difference method (FDM) is used to study the size-dependent free vibration characteristics of rectangular nanoplates considering surface stress effects. To include effects in equations, Gurtin-Murdoch continuum elasticity approach has been employed. The properties including elasticity, residual and mass density are considered be main causes for behavior that arise from increase surface-to-volume ratios at smaller scales. Numerical results presented demonstrate between...

In this article, the influence of temperature change on vibration, buckling, and bending orthotropic graphene sheets embedded in elastic media including surface energy small-scale effects is investigated. To take into account effects, nonlocal constitutive relations Eringen elasticity theory Gurtin Murdoch are used, respectively. Using Hamilton’s principle, governing equations for bulk nanoplate derived using two-variable refined plate theory. Finite difference method used to solve...

ABS TRACT: In this article, finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve sixth-order derivatives of differential equations in buckling analysis nanoplates due coupled surface energy and non-local elasticity theories. The uniform temperature change study thermal effect. small scale effects are added into the governing using Eringen’s Gurtin-Murdoch’s theories, respectively. Two different boundary conditions including simply-supported clamped investigated. numerical results presented...

A study is presented of the thermal-mechanical noise and response to sound microphones that are designed be driven by viscous forces in air rather than pressure. Virtually all existing microphone designs intended respond The structures examined here consist thin, micro-scale, cantilever beams. drive beams proportional relative velocity between fluid medium. beams' movement similar a plane acoustic wave. these found very weak function their width length; size sensing structure does not appear...

The modified couple stress and nonlocal strain gradient small-scale models are manipulated to scrutinize generally the rate of surface energy layer changes on wave propagation analysis a rectangular magneto-electro-thermo-elastic (METE) nanoplate. METE nanoplate is compound BiTiO3–CoFe2O4 nanomatters. presented model considers concurrently stress, nonlocal, gradient, hypotheses. Using refined plate theory (RPT), which suitable in comparison with other models, nonclassical governing...

Objective: To evaluate the potential role of different types contact lenses, such as soft (SCL), hard (HCL), and mini scleral (SCCL), in corneal epithelial thickness with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients who used lens at recent 6 months were recruited consecutively from September 2019 to October 2019, thicknesses cornea obtained by AS-OCT compared control subjects did not use lens. Results: total, 184 eyes (115 subjects)...

Background & Aims:The emergency department is the heart of hospital and entry point for patients to receive health services nurses are one largest working groups in most influential force determining quality provided.The main mission this save lives patients.Therefore, have big responsibility it necessary professional motivation commitment along with sufficient knowledge skills.In recent years, there has been a lot focus on factors that can guarantee or impair services, all hospitals tried...