Describes a novel wavelet based audio synthesis and coding method. The method uses optimal adaptive selection coefficients quantization procedures together with dynamic dictionary approach. transform coefficient bit allocation are designed to take advantage of the masking effect in human hearing. They minimize number bits required represent each frame material at fixed distortion level. greatly reduces statistical redundancies source. Experiments indicate that proposed procedure by itself...

Two techniques for finding the discrete orthogonal wavelet of support less than or equal to some given integer that leads best approximation a finite signal up desired scale are presented. The based on optimizing certain cost functions. first technique consists minimizing an upper bound is derived L/sub 2/ norm error in approximating scale. It shown solution problem does exist and it explained how constrained minimization over parameters define wavelets can be turned into unconstrained one....

Global warming, pollution, and the depletion of fossil fuels have compelled human beings to explore alternate sources energy cleaner modes transport. In recent years, renewable (RES) been massively introduced grid. Furthermore, Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming popular as a mode However, introduction RESs EVs grid has imposed additional challenges on operators because their random nature. This review aims focus integration RES grid, thereby presenting global status EVs, impact integrating...

This study presents a novel approach that employs mixture of the tunable-Q wavelet transform (TQWT) and enhanced AdaBoost to address issue high impedance fault (HIF) recognition in power distribution networks. Traditional overcurrent protection relays frequently have lower current levels than normal current, making it exceedingly difficult detect this HIF problem with necessity use quick effective find problems. Since TQWT performs better signals exhibit oscillatory behavior, has been...

The increasing complexity of modern power systems, driven by smart grid technologies, dispersed generation, and renewable energy sources, has made quality (PQ) evaluation more challenging. Overuse sensors large data volumes further complicate accurate PQ assessment. This paper proposes a flexible signal decomposition methodology using the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) for event detection. NSCT's multiscale, multidirectional, shift-invariant properties enable signals into...

Ensuring the stability and reliability of modern power systems relies on accurately detecting classifying quality (PQ) disturbances. This study presents an advanced automated recognition approach capable identifying 14 distinct PQ event types, including voltage sags, swells, transients, interruptions, harmonics, flicker. The methodology integrates tunable-Q wavelet transform (TQWT) for signal decomposition, optimizing Q-factor parameters to extract precise features, morphological component...

The paper introduces a novel method for identifying the location of harmonic-generating sources in smartgrids. utilizes Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) voltage and current signals measured at specific point network. By applying DTCWT Transform, are decomposed, three non-active power quantities extracted to represent harmonic components within system exclusively. These chosen serve as indicators presence harmonics system. Through analysis comparison these quantities, enables...

The current paper focuses on the development and deployment of Machine Learning (ML) based algorithms for classification detection different faults in electrical distribution system. methodology adapted using ML has higher computational accuracy than traditional algorithms. parameters involved developing fault detection/classification are fundamental frequency, voltage, components at situations. During faults, voltage waveforms consist high-frequency transient signals. Wavelet Decomposition...

Abstract High impedance fault (HIF) is difficult to detect by conventional overcurrent protection relays due the lower current values, which are normally than normal current. A fast and reliable algorithm required this type of fault. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting location HIF zone in distribution system using graph theory‐based detection technique along with Random Search Multilevel Support Vector Machine (RSMSVM) classify faulted zone. Due shift in‐variance property “Dual...

The static and dynamic economic dispatch problems are solved by creating an enhanced version of ant lion optimisation (ALO), namely a tournament selection-based (TALO) method. proposed algorithm is presented to solve the combined emission (CEED) problem with considering generator constraints such as ramp rate limits, valvepoint effects, prohibited operating zones transmission loss. algorithm’s efficiency was tested using 5-unit generating system in MATLAB R2021a during 24-hour time span....

In this paper two techniques have been introduced to locate suitable position of FACTS devices in 14 bus IEEE interconnected transmission network improve voltage profile, enhance power transfer capability and increase the efficiency overall transmission. The here are stability index (PSI) fast (FVSI). These indices calculated from data obtained after performing load flow analysis networks by using Newton Rapson's method MIPOWER software. FVSI technique shows better results terms reduction...

The output power of a photovoltaic (PV) system is dependent on the perfect operation PV array. arrays may experience various fault conditions as result open circuit, short and partial shading. A an aberrant situation that can interfere with effective execution system. To reduce loss harm to system, design engineers must identify faults. most common problems in array systems are shading, hotspots, cracks circuit Several scientists suggested diagnosis methods recognize faults arrays, however...

A perceptual audio coder typically consists of a filter-bank which breaks the signal into its frequency components. These components are then quantized using masking model. Previous efforts have indicated that high resolution filter-bank, e.g., modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) with 1024 subbands, is able to minimize bit rate requirements for most music samples. The MDCT, however, not suitable encoding non-stationary segments music. long/short or "window" switching scheme has been...

A new method to identify the location and nature of harmonic generating sources in a distribution system has been proposed. The is based on wavelet decomposition voltage current signals at point measurement. Detail reactive power level 1 used. load identified by extracting its characterizing harmonics signals. pseudo-frequency for set characteristic frequency load, sampling so chosen that desired information can be extracted detail 1. Power systems are, however, captured higher frequency....

Abstract Fault is the abnormal condition in power system, which must be detected as early possible. It very important to detect fault quick possible reduce effects of like equipment damage, property loss and human loss. Arc faults have high discharge between two conductors; this causes damage conductors leads electric fire conductors. necessary these immediately avoid accidents. There are various methods arc microgrid. In paper voltage current signals measured through instrumental...

This paper presents new results improving by a factor of 10 the accuracy an odd-DFT based frequency estimation algorithm. These are shown to be robust influence additive noise and compare favorably other non-iterative domain algorithms. A perspective is given on possible application areas, namely those involving real-time constraints

Unusual fault scenarios can occur on the utility grid in a power system network. Cross-Country Faults (CCFs) connected to High-Impedance Fault (HIF) syndrome are more prone forested areas due thunderstorms, cyclones, and improper vegetation management tree pruning. Finding categorizing CCFs associated with HIF is great challenge. This study employed cross-correlation method reconstruct signals produced by HIF, which were shown be complicated, aperiodic, asymmetric, nonlinear. A decreased...

There has been a lack of satisfactory solution for identifying and locating evolving faults in unbalanced distribution systems. The proposed approach is based on the cross-correlation technique as key element fault detection location. Evolving faults, this context, refer to two sequential that result change phase. captured QRS value reflects occurrence second occurrence. In order identify Faults, it makes use signal currently being monitored at any given point network. Typical system...

In most source coded bit streams certain bits can be much more sensitive to transmission errors than others. Unequal error protection (UEP) offers a mechanism for matching capability sensitivity errors. A UEP system typically has the same average rate as corresponding equal (EEP) but an improved perceived signal quality at channel noise ratio. this work we introduce methods of perceptual audio coder (PAC). An classifier divides in classes different sensitivity. Different codes are then...

The transmission lines of an electricity system are susceptible to a wide range unusual fault conditions. line, the longest part grid, sometimes passes through wooded areas. Storms, cyclones, and poor vegetation management (including tree cutting) increase risk cross-country faults (CCFs) high-impedance (HIF) syndrome in these regions. Recognizing classifying CCFs associated with HIF is most challenging project. This study extracted signal characteristics CCF using Tunable Q Wavelet...