Despite that Tauc plot extrapolation has been widely adopted for extracting bandgap energies of semiconductors, there is a lack theoretical support applying it to nanocrystals. In this paper, direct-allowed optical transitions in semiconductor nanocrystals have formulated based on purely approach. This result reveals size-dependant transition the power factor used plot, increasing from one half 3D bulk case 0D case. intermediate value allows better measured absorption data. Being material...

Abstract Aims Population surveys of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity conducted in Samoa over three decades have used varying methodologies definitions. This study standardizes measures, trends for 1978–2013 are projected to 2020 adults aged 25–64 years. Methods Unit records from eight ( n = 12 516) were adjusted the previous census Division residence, sex age improve national representativeness. is defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and/or on medication. Obesity BMI 30 kg/m...

No systematic comparison has been conducted in Fiji using all suitable surveys of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity prevalence after standardizing methodology definitions.Unit records from six adults were variously adjusted for age, ethnicity (Fiji Melanesians, i-Taukei, Fijians Asian Indian descent [Indians]) urban-rural by sex to previous censuses. Trends assessed meta-regression (random effect models) estimates projected 2020. Poisson regression strata was used assess the body...

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a leading and cause of premature death among women in Uganda aged 15 to 44 years. To address the increasing burden cervical Uganda, Ministry Health has adopted several strategies which include public education advocacy. This study aims assess knowledge, attitudes, practice prevention health workers employed rural centres (HCs) III IV Acholi sub-region Northern Uganda. Methods We conducted cross-sectional survey nurses, midwives, clinical officers...

Despite the centrality of health personnel to population, planning, production and management human resources for remains underdeveloped in many low- middle-income countries (LMICs). In addition general shortage workers, there are significant inequalities distribution workers within LMICs. This is especially true like Fiji, which face major challenges distributing its workforce across inhabited islands. this study, we describe measure worker distributional using data from 2007 Population...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence is traditionally derived from cohort studies that are not always feasible, representative, or available. The present study estimates T2DM in Fijian adults prevalence assembled surveys of 25–64 year old conducted over 30 years (n = 14,288). by five-year age group five population-based risk factor 1980–2011 were variously adjusted for urban-rural residency, ethnicity, and sex to previous censuses (1976, 1986, 1996, 2009) improve representativeness....

To analyse trends during 1980-2011 in hypertension prevalence and SBP/DBP by sex Fiji Melanesian (i-Taukei) Indian adults aged 25-64 years; to assess effects of BMI.Unit record data from five population-based surveys were included (n = 14, 191). Surveys adjusted the nearest previous census improve national representativeness. Hypertension was defined as SBP at least 140 mmHg and/or DBP 90 on medication for hypertension. Regression (Poisson linear) used period trends.Over (%) mean blood...

The performance of hot carrier solar cells has been analyzed using a model incorporating the relaxation times relevant electronic processes. variations in maximum efficiency as well statistics are demonstrated according to different carrier-carrier scattering rates. significant dependance cell performances on Coulomb properties is quantitatively and explained by depletion, asymmetric electron hole statistics, unmatched transmission for extraction. inter-relation between absorber material...

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility VIA screening with cryotherapy and record normative values for indicators anticipated in similar low resource settings. Women aged 30-49 years were targeted, resulting 1961 women screened treated at two primary health care (PHC) centres near Suva, Fiji. Recruitment through provision information, education communication (IEC). Referrals a gynaecology outpatient department (OPD) referral hospital occurred throughout pathway....

Abstract Objectives In view of erroneous type 2 diabetes prevalence reported in 3 small Pacific Island countries, a study was conducted to investigate whether this error occurred other countries which have WHO STEPS surveys associated with glucose thresholds for point‐of‐care ( POC ) measuring devices calibrated plasma. Methods Published over 2001–2017 were obtained. For each survey, information obtained on prevalence, device, blood sample tested and the fasting threshold used calculations....

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is the leading among Ugandan women, contributing to 40 % of all cases recorded in registry. Having identified substantial impact cervical Ministry Health 2010 launched a Strategic Plan for Cancer prevention and control. This study was conducted determine if health workers working rural centres (HCs) III IV Northern Uganda provide screening services as recommended Plan. Methods A cross-sectional survey using structured questionnaire nurses, midwives...

To analyse trends over the period 1991–2013 in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and prevalence of hypertension adults aged 25–64 years Samoa; to assess contribution rising obesity levels trends. Unit record data from seven population-based surveys (n = 10,881) conducted between 1991 2013 were included for analysis. Surveys adjusted nearest previous census improve national representativeness. Hypertension was defined as SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 on medication hypertension....

Silver sulfide (Ag2S) nanoparticle (NP) is a promising material for quantum-dot-based hot-carrier solar cell, yet the hot carrier dynamics of has not been thoroughly studied this purpose. In work, cooling Ag2S NP thin film were measured and analyzed using transient absorption (TA) spectrometer. The NPs exhibit relatively high temperature long time. This result was further verified by extraction from steady-state photoluminescence (ssPL) spectrum. time in can potentially lead to efficiency...

We test grip strength and shock absorption properties of various granular material in jamming robotic components. The comprises a range natural, manufactured, 3D printed encompassing wide shapes, sizes, Shore hardness. Two main experiments are considered, both representing compelling use cases for soft robotics. first experiment measures (retention force measured Newtons) when we fill latex balloon with the chosen grain type it as gripper to pick up objects. second recorded by an Inertial...

To examine trends from 1980 to 2011 in daily tobacco smoking by sex, ethnicity, age, and urban/rural Fiji Melanesian (i-Taukei) Indian adults aged 25-64 years.Unit record data five population-based surveys (n = 14 528) allowed classification of participants as: (1) never-smoker, ex-smoker, or non-daily smoker; (2) smoker, reporting <20 ≥20 products (cigarettes/cigars/pipes) a day. Trends were examined using spline analyses.Over 1980-2011 the prevalence reported decreased significantly both...

The island country of Samoa (population 188,000 in 2011) forms part Polynesia the South Pacific. Over past several decades has experienced exceptional modernization and globalization many sectors society, with noncommunicable diseases (NCD) now leading cause morbidity mortality. evolution risk factor prevalence underpinning increase NCDs, however, not been well described, including tobacco smoking which is related to cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease....

Public health advocacy is a fundamental part of promotion practice. Advocacy efforts can lead to healthier public policies and positive impacts on society. educators are responsible for equipping graduates with cross-cutting competencies address current future challenges.Knowledge the extent which students taught limited. To determine whether teaching within degrees matches industry needs, knowledge pedagogical approaches curricula required. This study sought understand assessed Australian...

This study estimates type 2 diabetes (T2DM) incidence in Samoans aged 25–64 years from sequential, irregularly spaced, cross-sectional population prevalence surveys. T2DM eight surveys conducted over 1978–2013 (n = 12,516) was adjusted for census region, sex, and 5-year age group to the nearest previous census. Annual calculated prevalences (by sex), using birth cohorts constructed age-period matrices. Projections of 2020 were estimated, based on various scenarios weight change Poisson...

Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants face nutrition and lifestyle changes upon arrival in a host country. The shift diet reflects post-migration acculturation could predispose to nutrition- lifestyle- related chronic diseases. A mixed-methods systematic review of published studies the grey literature on transition among SSA will be undertaken. Studies English conducted from 2000 2020 using quantitative and/or qualitative methods included. Ten bibliographic databases searched: Scopus, Ovid...

An electro-static model has been formalized to analyze the effect of carrier screening on energy relaxation electrons in polar-semiconductor multiple-quantum-well superlattices. The screened polar potential this structure obtained terms its 0th order and 1st Fourier components. correction gives a further reduction coupling strength due uneven spatial distribution carriers, it heavily depends relative bi-layer thickness compared Debye length. reductions electron In0.25GaAs/GaAsP0.33...