This review covers the progress in study of vortex oscillations rotating superfluids. The paper deals with theory as its principal concern, but experiments that one can compare considered are also discussed. Attention is focused mainly on effects crystalline order lattice (the Tkachenko waves especially) and boundary problems arising studies finite containers. approach based mostly continuum hydrodynamic dealing dense arrays, considerable attention devoted to discussion this understand...

The forces on the vortex, transverse to its velocity, are considered. In addition superfluid Magnus force from condensate (superfluid component), there thermal quasiparticles and external fields violating Galilean invariance. between vortex originate interference of with trajectories left right like similar for electrons interacting thin magnetic-flux tube (the Aharonov-Bohm effect). These derived phonons equations hydrodynamics, BCS Bogolyubov--de Gennes equations. effect breaking...

We present experimental proof that in rotating $^{3}\mathit{B}$ the vortex-core transition temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{V}}$ separates axisymmetric vortices above from with spontaneously broken axial symmetry below ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{V}}$. The nonaxisymmetry is observed presence of coherent spin precession as a new soft Goldstone mode, manifested oscillations and spiral twisting core anisotropy axis. These are driven by precessing via spin-orbit coupling lead to magnetic relaxation...

Possible superconductivity of electrons with the Dirac spectrum is analyzed using BCS model. We calculate critical temperature, superconducting energy gap, and supercurrent as functions doping level pairing interaction strength. Zero characterized by existence quantum point such that temperature vanishes below some finite value However, remains for any nonzero electron or hole when Fermi shifted away from normal-state spectrum. analyze behavior characteristic length scales, i.e., London...

We derive a Galilean invariant expression for the electric field induced by vortex moving through charged superfluid at $T=0$, which holds any superconductor, from dirty to superclean limit. The contribution of different areas around average and charge distribution is analyzed. results are extended neutral system, where chemical potential takes over role electrostatic in situation. Different contributions mass superfluids brought together comparison discussion.

The present review analyzes and compares various types of dissipationless spin transport: (1) Superfluid transport, when the spin-current state is a metastable (a local but not absolute minimum in parameter space). (2) Ballistic transported without losses simply because sources dissipation are very weak. (3) Equilibrium currents, i.e., genuine persistent currents. (4) Spin currents Hall effect. Since superfluidity frequently connected with Bose condensation, recent debates about magnon...

We have measured IV-curves of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using end contacts. At low voltages, the tunneling conductance obeys non-Ohmic power law, which is predicted both by Luttinger liquid and environment-quantum-fluctuation theories. However, at higher voltages we observe a crossover to Ohm's law with Coulomb-blockade offset, agrees theory, but cannot be explained Luttinger-liquid theory. From high-voltage determine transmission line parameters nanotubes.

$\mathrm{VI}$ curves of resistively shunted single Josephson junctions with different capacitances and tunneling resistances are found to display a crossover between two types curves: one without another resistance bump (negative second derivative) at zero bias. The corresponds the dissipative phase transition (superconductor-insulator transition) which macroscopic quantum delocalizes destroys superconductivity. Our measured diagram does not agree predicted by original theory, but coincide...

In high-${T}_{c}$ superconducting compounds ${R}_{1.5}{\mathrm{Ce}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{RuSr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{10}$ the onset of superconductivity occurs at a temperature ${T}_{c}$ much lower than phase transition to weak ferromagnetism, and diamagnetic response arises ${T}_{d},$ which is ${T}_{c}.$ The present paper contains experimental data theoretical analysis this phenomenon. These results collectively show convincingly that between ${T}_{d}$ vortices are in sample...

The conductance and the Fano factor in a graphene sheet ballistic regime are calculated. electrostatic potential is modeled by trapezoid barrier, which allows one to use exact solution of Dirac equation uniform electric field slope areas (the two lateral sides trapezoid). Asymmetry with respect sign gate voltage manifests difference between Klein tunneling overbarrier transmission. phase coherence Klein-tunneling events ($p\text{\ensuremath{-}}n$ transitions) leads Fano-factor oscillation at...

Insight in the dynamics of quantized vortex lines has been obtained by performing NMR measurements uniformly rotating superfluid $^{3}\mathit{B}$. Compared to $^{4}\mathrm{He}$, $^{3}\mathit{B}$ viscosity normal component is three orders magnitude larger and pinning vortices weaker. The collective modes governing hydrodynamic response an array are highly overdamped. Two distinct identified: (1) a relatively fast mutual-friction-resisted mode, which controls redistribution density on time...

Vortex structures in the ferromagnet/type-II superconductor bilayer are investigated when ferromagnet has domain structure and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. It is found that two equilibrium vortex can be realized: straight vortices with alternating directions corresponding to direction of magnetization ferromagnetic domains semiloops connecting opposite magnetization. These states separated by an energy barrier. The values critical for formation these determined.

Recently it was suggested that stationary spin supercurrents (spin superfluidity) are possible in the magnon condensate observed yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) magnetic films under strong external pumping. Here we analyze this suggestion. From topology of equilibrium order parameter YIG one must not expect energetic barriers making metastable. However some small dynamical origin nevertheless. The critical phase gradient (analog Landau velocity superfluids) is proportional to intensity coherent...

The inherent asymmetry of the electric transport in graphene is attributed to Klein tunneling across barriers defined by $pn$ interfaces between positively and negatively charged regions. By combining conductance shot noise experiments, we determine main characteristics barrier (height slope) a high-quality suspended sample with Au/Cr/Au contacts. We observe an asymmetric resistance ${R}_{\mathrm{odd}}=100\ensuremath{-}70\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}$ Dirac point at...

Abstract The analysis in the present paper is based on most known concept introduced by brilliant physicist Alexander Andreev: Andreev bound states a normal metal sandwiched between two superconductors. presents results of direct calculations ab initio expressions for currents long ballistic SNS junction. are expanded 1/ L ( thickness layer). main contribution $$\propto 1/L$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∝</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>...

The surface impedance of type-II superconductors in the mixed state has been studied, taking into account vortex elasticity and nonlocality (long-range interaction vortices). An electromagnetic wave penetrates a superconductor as superposition two exponentially decaying modes with different penetration lengths, contrast one mode normal conductor or Meissner state. second is an elastic array; it crucial for incorporation pinning electrodynamics.

We analyze equilibrium spin currents in a two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit interaction (Rashba medium). In uniform medium, these are constant, and their ability to really transport is not evident. However, even the weak inhomogeneity of medium allows one reveal that can from areas where produced absorbed.

We demonstrate that an equilibrium spin current in a 2D electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit interaction (Rashba medium) results mechanical torque on substrate near edge of the medium. If is cantilever, displaces free end cantilever. The effect can be enhanced and tuned by magnetic field. Observation this displacement would effective method to prove existence currents. analysis edges medium demonstrates localized states. They form 1D continuum This suggests new type quantum wire: wire.

Received 29 May 2020Accepted 27 January 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.018001Published by the American Physical Society under terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution this work must maintain attribution to author(s) and published article's title, journal citation, DOI.Published SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasDissipative dynamicsQuantum phase transitionsQuantum transportSuperconducting...

The parabolic superfluid meniscus has been seen for states in which only (1) the normal or (2) component of ${}^{3}$He- $B$ rotates. A reduced, temperature-dependent was formed at small speeds $\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.21$ rad $/$s. deeper-than-expected observed after a rapid halt cryostat, when fluid stops during short relaxation time, followed by slow decay circulation. depth explained reactive radial force between rotating and stationary liquid.

A superconducting substrate is not able to shrink drastically domains in a ferromagnetic film, contrary the prediction of Bulaevskii and Chudnovsky [Phys. Rev. B, 63, issue1 (2001)]. This shown on basis exact solution for stripe domain structure.

The thermally activated resistivity, rxx, and the negative Hall rxy are explained as two consequences of same effect, namely unbinding vortex pairs in vicinity Tc. Both rxx exhibit a behaviour. activation energy depends logarithmically on magnetic field. Our explanation suggests ∼ rxxa with = 1 accordance recent measurements.

This article considers the implications of tilt symmetry (symmetry with respect to tilting coordinate axis which vortex motion is studied) in nonlinear dynamics Kelvin waves. The conclusion that although spectrum a wave not tilt-invariant, this does compromise invariance Kelvin-wave cascade currently being vigorously debated theory superfluid turbulence. investigates effect strong kelvon interaction on power-law exponent for and suggests simple picture crossover from classical Kolmogorov...

This paper focuses on spin superfluid transport, observation of which was recently reported in antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ [Yuan et al., Sci. Adv. 4, eaat1098 (2018).]. analyzes the role dissipation transformation current injected with incoherent magnons to a near interface where is injected. The Gilbert damping parameter Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert theory does not describe properly, and parameters are calculated from Boltzmann equation for scattered by defects....